Effects of Age, Sex, Index Admission, and Predominant Polarity on the Seasonality of Acute Admissions For Bipolar Disorder: A Population-Based Study

REFERENCES

• Avasthi A, Sharma A, Gupta N, Kulhara P, Varma VK, Malhotra S, Mattoo SK. (2001). Seasonality and affective disorders: a report from North India. J. Affect. Disord. 64:145–154.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Avasthi A, Gupta N, Kulhara P, Sharan P, Singh G, Kaur RP, Sharma R. (2003). Seasonality in affective disorders using SPAQ. Indian J. Psychiatry 45:166–173.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Baek JH, Park DY, Choi J, Kim JS, Choi JS, Ha K, Kwon JS, Lee D, Hong KS. (2011). Differences between bipolar I and bipolar II disorders in clinical features, comorbidity, and family history. J. Affect. Disord. 131:59–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldassano CF, Marangell LB, Gyulai L, Ghaemi SN, Joffe H, Kim DR, Sagduyu K, Truman CJ, Wisniewski SR, Sachs GS, Cohen LS. (2005). Gender differences in bipolar disorder: retrospective data from the first 500 STEP-BD participants. Bipolar Disord. 7:465–470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer M, Glenn T, Alda M, Andreassen OA, Ardau R, Bellivier F, Berk M, Bjella TD, Bossini L, Del Zompo M, Dodd S, Fagiolini A, Frye MA, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Henry C, Kapczinski F, Kliwicki S, Konig B, Kunz M, Lafer B, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Manchia M, Marsh W, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M, Melle I, Morken G, Munoz R, Nery FG, O'Donovan C, Pfennig A, Quiroz D, Rasgon N, Reif A, Rybakowski J, Sagduyu K, Simhandl C, Torrent C, Vieta E, Zetin M, Whybrow PC. (2012). Impact of sunlight on the age of onset of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 14:654–663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng SH, Chiang TL. (1997). The effect of universal health insurance on health care utilization in Taiwan. Results from a natural experiment. JAMA 278:89–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi J, Baek JH, Noh J, Kim JS, Choi JS, Ha K, Kwon JS, Hong KS. (2011). Association of seasonality and premenstrual symptoms in bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. J. Affect. Disord. 129:313–316.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colom F, Vieta E, Daban C, Pacchiarotti I, Sanchez-Moreno J. (2006). Clinical and therapeutic implications of predominant polarity in bipolar disorder. J. Affect. Disord. 93:13–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cummings DA, Irizarry RA, Huang NE, Endy TP, Nisalak A, Ungchusak K, Burke DS. (2004). Travelling waves in the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Thailand. Nature 427:344–347.
   Google Scholar
• Daniels BA, Kirkby KC, Mitchell P, Hay D, Mowry B. (2000). Seasonal variation in hospital admission for bipolar disorder, depression and schizophrenia in Tasmania. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 102:38–43.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diflorio A, Jones I. (2011). Is sex important? Gender differences in bipolar disorder. Int. Rev. Psychiatry 22:437–452.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eastwood MR, Peacocke J. (1976). Seasonal patterns of suicide, depression and electroconvulsive therapy. Br. J. Psychiatry 129:472–475.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eastwood MR, Stiasny S. (1978). Psychiatric disorder, hospital admission, and season. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 35:769–771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etain B, Lajnef M, Bellivier F, Mathieu F, Raust A, Cochet B, Gard S, M'Bailara K, Kahn JP, Elgrabli O, Cohen R, Jamain S, Vieta E, Leboyer M, Henry C. (2012). Clinical expression of bipolar disorder type I as a function of age and polarity at onset: convergent findings in samples from France and the United States. J. Clin. Psychiatry 73:e561–e566.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goikolea JM, Colom F, Martinez-Aran A, Sanchez-Moreno J, Giordano A, Bulbena A, Vieta E. (2007). Clinical and prognostic implications of seasonal pattern in bipolar disorder: a 10-year follow-up of 302 patients. Psychol. Med. 37:1595–1599.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldberg JF, Harrow M, Grossman LS. (1995). Course and outcome in bipolar affective disorder: a longitudinal follow-up study. Am. J. Psychiatry 152:379–384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang NE, Shen Z, Long SR, Wu MLC, Shih HH, Zheng QN, Yen NC, Tung CC, Liu HH. (1998). The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 454:903–995.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunt N, Sayer H, Silverstone T. (1992). Season and manic relapse. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 85:123–126.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobsen FM, Rosenthal NE. (1988). Seasonal affective disorder. In Georgotas A, Cancro R (eds.). Depression and Mania. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 104–116.
   Google Scholar
• Jones WHS. (1868). Hippocrates Collected Works. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 123.
   Google Scholar
• Lee HC, Tsai SY, Lin HC. (2007). Seasonal variations in bipolar disorder admissions and the association with climate: a population-based study. J. Affect. Disord. 97:61–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewy AJ, Kern HA, Rosenthal NE, Wehr TA. (1982). Bright artificial light treatment of a manic-depressive patient with a seasonal mood cycle. Am. J. Psychiatry 139:1496–1498.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manalai P, Hamilton RG, Langenberg P, Kosisky SE, Lapidus M, Sleemi A, Scrandis D, Cabassa JA, Rogers CA, Regenold WT, Dickerson F, Vittone BJ, Guzman A, Balis T, Tonelli LH, Postolache TT. (2012). Pollen-specific immunoglobulin E positivity is associated with worsening of depression scores in bipolar disorder patients during high pollen season. Bipolar Disord. 14:90–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morken G, Lilleeng S, Linaker OM. (2002). Seasonal variation in suicides and in admissions to hospital for mania and depression. J. Affect. Disord. 69:39–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nivoli AM, Pacchiarotti I, Rosa AR, Popovic D, Murru A, Valenti M, Bonnin CM, Grande I, Sanchez-Moreno J, Vieta E, Colom F. (2011). Gender differences in a cohort study of 604 bipolar patients: the role of predominant polarity. J. Affect. Disord. 133:443–449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parker G, Walter S. (1982). Seasonal variation in depressive disorders and suicidal deaths in New South Wales. Br. J. Psychiatry 140:626–632.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perlis RH, Delbello MP, Miyahara S, Wisniewski SR, Sachs GS, Nierenberg AA. (2005). Revisiting depressive-prone bipolar disorder: polarity of initial mood episode and disease course among bipolar I systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder participants. Biol. Psychiatry 58:549–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Portaluppi F, Smolensky MH, Touitou Y. (2010). Ethics and methods for biological rhythm research on animals and human beings. Chronobiol. Int. 27:1911–1929.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Praschak-Rieder N, Willeit M, Wilson AA, Houle S, Meyer JH. (2008). Seasonal variation in human brain serotonin transporter binding. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 65:1072–1078.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal NE, Lewy AJ, Wehr TA, Kern HE, Goodwin FK. (1983). Seasonal cycling in a bipolar patient. Psychiatry Res. 8:25–31.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shand AJ, Scott NW, Anderson SM, Eagles JM. (2011). The seasonality of bipolar affective disorder: comparison with a primary care sample using the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire. J. Affect. Disord. 132:289–292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shapira A, Shiloh R, Potchter O, Hermesh H, Popper M, Weizman A. (2004). Admission rates of bipolar depressed patients increase during spring/summer and correlate with maximal environmental temperature. Bipolar Disord. 6:90–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silverstone T, Romans S, Hunt N, McPherson H. (1995). Is there a seasonal pattern of relapse in bipolar affective disorders? A dual northern and southern hemisphere cohort study. Br. J. Psychiatry 167:58–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simonsen H, Shand AJ, Scott NW, Eagles JM. (2011). Seasonal symptoms in bipolar and primary care patients. J. Affect. Disord. 132:200–208.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suhail K, Cochrane R. (1998). Seasonal variations in hospital admissions for affective disorders by gender and ethnicity. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 33:211–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takei N, O'Callaghan E, Sham P, Glover G, Tamura A, Murray R. (1992). Seasonality of admissions in the psychoses: effect of diagnosis, sex, and age at onset. Br. J. Psychiatry 161:506–511.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vieta E, Suppes T. (2008). Bipolar II disorder: arguments for and against a distinct diagnostic entity. Bipolar Disord. 10:163–178.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wehr TA, Rosenthal NE. (1989). Seasonality and affective illness. Am. J. Psychiatry 146:829–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitney DK, Sharma V, Kueneman K. (1999). Seasonality of manic depressive illness in Canada. J. Affect. Disord. 55:99–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winokur G. (1976). Duration of illness prior to hospitalization (onset) in the affective disorders. Neuropsychobiology 2:87–93.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu Z, Huang NE, Long SR, Peng CK. (2007). On the trend, detrending, and variability of nonlinear and nonstationary time series. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 104:14889–14894.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang AC, Huang NE, Peng CK, Tsai SJ. (2010a). Do seasons have an influence on the incidence of depression? The use of an internet search engine query data as a proxy of human affect. PLoS ONE 5:e13728.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang AC, Tsai SJ, Huang NE. (2010b). Decomposing the association of completed suicide with air pollution, weather, and unemployment data at different time scales. J. Affect. Disord. 129:275–281.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang AC, Tsai SJ, Yang CH, Shia BC, Fuh JL, Wang SJ, Peng CK, Huang NE. (2012). Suicide and media reporting: a longitudinal and spatial analysis. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s00127-00012-00562-00121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar