Old and new anticoagulant drugs: A minireview

References

• Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, . Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Donnell MJ, Xavier D, Liu L, Zhang H, Chin SL, Rao-Melacini P, . Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study. Lancet. 2010;376:112–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franchini M, Mannucci PM. A new era for anticoagulants. Eur J Intern Med. 2009;20:562–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannucci PM. The start of a new era for new antithrombotic drugs. Pathophysiol Haemost Thromb. 2010;137(Suppl 1): P1–A177.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsh J, Raschke R. Heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3): 133S–203S.
   Google Scholar
• Weitz JL. Low-molecular-weight heparins. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:688–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fareed J, Hoppensteadt DA, Fareed D, Demir M, Wahi R, Clarke M, . Survival of heparins, oral anticoagulants, and aspirin after the year 2010. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2008;34:58–73.
   Google Scholar
• Harenberg J, Wehling M. Current and future prospects for anticoagulant therapy: inhibitors of factor Xa and factor IIa. Semin Thromb Haemost. 2008;34:39–57.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoppensteadt DA, Jeske W, Walenga J, Fareed J. The future of anticoagulation. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;29: 90–100.
   Google Scholar
• Mannucci PM, Poller L. Venous thrombosis and anticoagulant therapy. Br J Haematol. 2001;114:258–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates SM, Weitz JI. New anticoagulants: beyond heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin. Br J Pharmacol. 2005;14:1017–28.
   Google Scholar
• Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, Jacobson A, Crowther M, Palareti G. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists. Chest. 2008;133:160S–98S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petitou M, Duchaussoy P, Herbert JM, Duc G, El Hajji M, Branellec JF, . The synthetic pentasaccharide fondaparinux: first in the class of antithrombotic agents that selectively inhibit coagulation factor Xa. Semin Thromb Haemost. 2002;28:393–402.
   Google Scholar
• Hirsh J, Bauer KA, Donati MB, Gould M, Samama MM, Weitz JI. Parenteral anticoagulants. Chest. 2008;133: 141S–59S.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirsh J, O'Donnell M, Eikelboom JW. Beyond unfractionated heparin and warfarin: current and future advances. Circulation. 2007;116:552–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warkentin TE, Greinacher A. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: recognition, treatment, and prevention: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3 Suppl):311S–37S.
   Google Scholar
• Geerts WH, Pineo GF, Heit JA, Bergqvist D, Lassen MR, Colwell CW, . Prevention of venous thromboembolism: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3):338S–400S.
   Google Scholar
• Agrawal YK, Vaidya H, Bhatt H, Manna K, Brahmkshatriya P. Recent advances in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases: venous thromboembolism. Med Res Rev. 2007;27: 891–914.
   Google Scholar
• Büller HR, Agnelli G, Hull RD, Hyers TM, Prins MH, Raskob GE. Antithrombotic therapy for venous thromboembolic disease: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3 Suppl): 401S–28S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrington RA, Becker RC, Ezekowitz M, Meade TW, O'Connor CM, Vorchheimer DA, . Antithrombotic therapy for coronary artery disease: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3 Suppl):513S–48S.
   Google Scholar
• Menon V, Harrington RA, Hochman JS, Cannon CP, Goodman SD, Wilcox RG, . Thrombolysis and adjunctive therapy in acute myocardial infarction: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3 Suppl):549S–75S.
   Google Scholar
• Singer DE, Albers GW, Dalen JE, Go AS, Halperin JL, Manning WJ. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: the Seventh ACCP Conference on Antithrombotic and Thrombolytic Therapy. Chest. 2004;126(3 Suppl):429S–56S.
   Google Scholar
• Marcucci M, Iorio A, Nobili A, Tettamanti M, Pasina L, Marengoni A, . Factors affecting adherence to guidelines for antithrombotic therapy in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to internal medicine wards. Eur J Intern Med. 2010;21:516–23.
   Google Scholar
• Weitz JI, Hirsh J, Samama MM. New antithrombotic drugs. Chest. 2008;133:234S–56S.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haas S. Rivaroxaban—an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor: lessons from a broad clinical study programme. Eur J Haematol. 2009;82:339–49.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dubois EA, Cohen AF. Dabigatran etexilate. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2010;70:14–15.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bauer KA. New anticoagulants. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2006:450–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Rosencher N, Kurth AA, van Dijk CN, Frostick SP, ; RE-NOVATE Study Group. Dabigatran etexilate versus enoxaparin for prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip replacement: a randomised, double-blind, noninferiority trial. Lancet. 2007;370:949–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Dahl OE, Rosencher N, Kurth AA, van Dijk CN, Frostick SP, ; RE-MODEL Study Group. Oral dabigatran etexilate vs. subcutaneous enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement: the REMODEL randomized trial. J Thromb Haemost. 2007;5:2178–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ginsberg JS, Davidson BL, Comp PC, Francis CW, Friedman RJ, Huo MH, ; RE-MOBILIZE Writing Committee. Oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate vs North American enoxaparin regimen for prevention of venous thromboembolism after knee arthroplasty surgery. J Arthroplasty. 2009;24:1–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eriksson BI, Borris LC, Friedman RJ, Haas S, Huisman MV, Kakkar AK, ; RECORD1 Study Group. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after hip arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2765–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kakkar AK, Brenner B, Dahl OE, Eriksson BI, Mouret P, Muntz J, ; RECORD2 Investigators. Extended duration rivaroxaban versus short-term enoxaparin for the prevention of venous thromboembolism after total hip arthroplasty: a double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:31–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lassen MR, Ageno W, Borris LC, Lieberman JR, Rosencher N, Bandel TJ, . Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2776–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpie AG, Bauer KA, Davidson B. Comparison of rivaroxaban, an oral direct Factor Xa inhibitor, and subcutaneous enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee replacement (RECORD 4: a phase III study). 2008: Proceedings of the 9th EFORT Congress; 30 May 2008; Nice, France. Abstract F85.
   Google Scholar
• Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, Parekh A, ; and the RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannucci PM, Franchini M. New anticoagulants in internal medicine: an update. Eur J Inter Med. 2010;21:466–7.
   Google Scholar
• Schulman S, Kearon C, Kakkar AK, Mismetti P, Schellong S, Eriksson H, ; RE-COVER Study Group. Dabigatran versus warfarin in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:2342–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia D, Libby E, Crowther MA. The new oral anticoagulants. Blood. 2010;115:15–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar