Beyond weight reduction: Improvements in quality of life after an intensive lifestyle intervention in subjects with severe obesity

References

• National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Panel. NIH conference. Gastrointestinal surgery for severe obesity. Consensus Development Conference Panel. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:956–61.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McTigue K, Larson JC, Valoski A, Burke G, Kotchen J, Lewis CE, et al. Mortality and cardiac and vascular outcomes in extremely obese women. JAMA. 2006;296:79–86.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Hout GC, van Oudheusden I, van Heck GL. Psychological profile of the morbidly obese. Obes Surg. 2004;14:579–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mannucci E, Petroni ML, Villanova N, Rotella CM, Apolone G, Marchesini G. Clinical and psychological correlates of health-related quality of life in obese patients. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onyike CU, Crum RM, Lee HB, Lyketsos CG, Eaton WW. Is obesity associated with major depression? Results from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Epidemiol. 2003; 158:1139–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadden TA, Butryn ML, Sarwer DB, Fabricatore AN, Crerand CE, Lipschutz PE, et al. Comparison of psychosocial status in treatment-seeking women with class III vs. class I-II obesity. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2006;2:138–45.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Castres I, Folope V, Dechelotte P, Tourny-Chollet C, Lemaitre F. Quality of life and obesity class relationships. Int J Sports Med. 2010;31:773–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lerdal A, Andenaes R, Bjornsborg E, Bonsaksen T, Borge L, Christiansen B, et al. Personal factors associated with health-related quality of life in persons with morbid obesity on treatment waiting lists in Norway. Qual Life Res. 2011;20:1187–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richards MM, Adams TD, Hunt SC. Functional status and emotional well-being, dietary intake, and physical activity of severely obese subjects. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:67–75.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fontaine KR, Barofsky I. Obesity and health-related quality of life. Obes Rev. 2001;2:173–82.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD, Williams GR. Health-related quality of life varies among obese subgroups. Obes Res. 2002;10:748–56.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hassmen P, Koivula N, Uutela A. Physical exercise and psychological well-being: a population study in Finland. Prev Med. 2000;30:17–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodwin RD. Association between physical activity and mental disorders among adults in the United States. Prev Med. 2003;36:698–703.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinsen EW. [Physical activity for mental health]. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2000;120:3054–6.
   Google Scholar
• Paluska SA, Schwenk TL. Physical activity and mental health: current concepts. Sports Med. 2000;29:167–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinsen EW. Physical activity in the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression. Nord J Psychiatry. 2008;62(Suppl 47):25–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carek PJ, Laibstain SE, Carek SM. Exercise for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Int J Psychiatry Med. 2011;41:15–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pendleton VR, Goodrick GK, Poston WS, Reeves RS, Foreyt JP. Exercise augments the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of binge eating. Int J Eat Disord. 2002;31:172–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine MD, Marcus MD, Moulton P. Exercise in the treatment of binge eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 1996;19:171–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luppino FS, de Wit LM, Bouvy PF, Stijnen T, Cuijpers P, Penninx BW, et al. Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2010; 67:220–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annesi JJ, Whitaker AC. Psychological factors associated with weight loss in obese and severely obese women in a behavioral physical activity intervention. Health Educ Behav. 2010;37:593–606.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annesi JJ, Vaughn LL. Relationship of exercise volume with change in depression and its association with self-efficacy to control emotional eating in severely obese women. Adv Prev Med. 2011;2011:514271.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Annesi JJ, Gorjala S. Changes in theory-based psychological factors predict weight loss in women with class III obesity initiating supported exercise. J Obes. 2010;2010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Annesi JJ. Supported exercise improves controlled eating and weight through its effects on psychosocial factors: extending a systematic research program toward treatment development. Perm J. 2012;16: 7–18.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, Loria CM, Ard JD, Millen BE, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63: 2985–3023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins C, Strommen M, Stavne OA, Nossum R, Marvik R, Kulseng B. Bariatric surgery versus lifestyle interventions for morbid obesity—changes in body weight, risk factors and comorbidities at 1 year. Obes Surg. 2011;21:841–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hofso D, Nordstrand N, Johnson LK, Karlsen TI, Hager H, Jenssen T, et al. Obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors after weight loss: a clinical trial comparing gastric bypass surgery and intensive lifestyle intervention. Eur J Endocrinol. 2010;163:735–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodpaster BH, Delany JP, Otto AD, Kuller L, Vockley J, South-Paul JE, et al. Effects of diet and physical activity interventions on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk factors in severely obese adults: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2010;304:1795–802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Unick JL, Beavers D, Jakicic JM, Kitabchi AE, Knowler WC, Wadden TA, et al. Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD trial. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:2152–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aadland E, Robertson L. Physical activity is associated with weight loss and increased cardiorespiratory fitness in severely obese men and women undergoing lifestyle treatment. J Obes. 2012;2012:810594.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karlsen TI, Lund RS, Roislien J, Tonstad S, Natvig GK, Sandbu R, et al. Health related quality of life after gastric bypass or intensive lifestyle intervention: a controlled clinical study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2013;11:17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gjevestad E, Karlsen TI, Røislien J, Maehlum S, Hjelmesaeth J. The effectiveness of secondary and tertiary care lifestyle intervention in morbidly obese patients: a 1-year non-randomized controlled pragmatic clinical trial. Clin Obes. 2013;3:39–50.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bannert B, Schobersberger W, Tran U, Remmel A. The effectiveness of a nondiet multidisciplinary weight reduction program for severe overweight patients with psychological comorbidities. J Obes. 2011; 2011:641351.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maehlum S, Danielsen KK, Heggebo LK, Schioll J. The Hjelp24 NIMI Ringerike obesity clinic: an inpatient programme to address morbid obesity in adults. Br J Sports Med. 2012;46:91–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielsen KK, Svendsen M, Maehlum S, Sundgot-Borgen J. Changes in body composition, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and eating behavior after an intensive lifestyle intervention with high volume of physical activity in severely obese subjects: a prospective clinical controlled trial. J Obes. 2013;2013:325464.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Helsedirektoratet. Forebygging, utredning og behandling av overvekt og fedme hos voksne. Nasjonal retningslinjer for prim rhelsetjenesten. http://helsedirektoratet.no/publikasjoner/nasjonal-faglig-retningslinje-for-forebygging-utredning-og-behandling-av-overvekt-og-fedme-hos-voksne/Sider/default.aspx: The Norwegian Directorate of Health; 2011. Report No.: IS-1735.
   Google Scholar
• Gormally J, Black S, Daston S, Rardin D. The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Addict Behav. 1982;7:47–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricca V, Mannucci E, Moretti S, Di Bernardo M, Zucchi T, Cabras PL, et al. Screening for binge eating disorder in obese outpatients. Compr Psychiatry. 2000;41:111–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas SR, Lopes CS, Appolinario JC, Coutinho W. The assessment of binge eating disorder in obese women: a comparison of the binge eating scale with the structured clinical interview for the DSM-IV. Eat Behav. 2006;7:282–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zigmond AS, Snaith RP. The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983;67:361–70.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjelland I, Dahl AA, Haug TT, Neckelmann D. The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. An updated literature review. J Psychosom Res. 2002;52:69–77.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson J, Taft C, Ryden A, Sjostrom L, Sullivan M. Ten-year trends in health-related quality of life after surgical and conventional treatment for severe obesity: the SOS intervention study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31:1248–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ware JE Jr. SF-36 health survey update. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000;25:3130–9.
   Google Scholar
• Karlsen TI, Tveita EK, Natvig GK, Tonstad S, Hjelmesaeth J. Validity of the SF-36 in patients with morbid obesity. Obes Facts. 2011;4:346–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalle Grave R, Calugi S, Corica F, Di Domizio S, Marchesini G; QUOVADIS Study Group. Psychological variables associated with weight loss in obese patients seeking treatment at medical centers. J Am Diet Assoc. 2009;109:2010–16.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Teixeira PJ, Silva MN, Coutinho SR, Palmeira AL, Mata J, Vieira PN, et al. Mediators of weight loss and weight loss maintenance in middle-aged women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2010;18:725–35.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohsiek S, Williams M. Psychological factors influencing weight loss maintenance: an integrative literature review. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2011;23:592–601.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fabricatore AN, Wadden TA, Higginbotham AJ, Faulconbridge LF, Nguyen AM, Heymsfield SB, et al. Intentional weight loss and changes in symptoms of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Obes (Lond). 2011;35:1363–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maffiuletti NA, Agosti F, Marinone PG, Silvestri G, Lafortuna CL, Sartorio A. Changes in body composition, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors after a 3-week integrated body weight reduction program and after 1-y follow-up in severely obese men and women. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005;59:685–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner B, Lally P, Wardle J. Making health habitual: the psychology of ‘habit-formation’ and general practice. Br J Gen Pract. 2012; 62:664–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall KD, Sacks G, Chandramohan D, Chow CC, Wang YC, Gortmaker SL, et al. Quantification of the effect of energy imbalance on bodyweight. Lancet. 2011;378:826–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin CK, Church TS, Thompson AM, Earnest CP, Blair SN. Exercise dose and quality of life: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:269–78.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherwood NE, Jeffery RW, Wing RR. Binge status as a predictor of weight loss treatment outcome. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999;23:485–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorin AA, Niemeier HM, Hogan P, Coday M, Davis C, DiLillo VG, et al. Binge eating and weight loss outcomes in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes: results from the Look AHEAD trial. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008;65:1447–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGuire MT, Wing RR, Klem ML, Lang W, Hill JO. What predicts weight regain in a group of successful weight losers?J Consult Clin Psychol. 1999;67:177–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King NA, Horner K, Hills AP, Byrne NM, Wood RE, Bryant E, et al. Exercise, appetite and weight management: understanding the compensatory responses in eating behaviour and how they contribute to variability in exercise-induced weight loss. Br J Sports Med. 2012; 46:315–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins C, Kulseng B, King NA, Holst JJ, Blundell JE. The effects of exercise-induced weight loss on appetite-related peptides and motivation to eat. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010;95:1609–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins C, Robertson MD, Morgan LM. Effects of exercise and restrained eating behaviour on appetite control. Proc Nutr Soc. 2008; 67:28–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King NA, Caudwell PP, Hopkins M, Stubbs JR, Naslund E, Blundell JE. Dual-process action of exercise on appetite control: increase in orexigenic drive but improvement in meal-induced satiety. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009;90:921–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrade AM, Coutinho SR, Silva MN, Mata J, Vieira PN, Minderico CS, et al. The effect of physical activity on weight loss is mediated by eating self-regulation. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;79:320–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson E, Shivakumar G. Effects of exercise and physical activity on anxiety. Front Psychiatry. 2013;4:27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strohle A. Physical activity, exercise, depression and anxiety disorders. J Neural Transm. 2009;116:777–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff E, Gaudlitz K, von Lindenberger BL, Plag J, Heinz A, Strohle A. Exercise and physical activity in mental disorders. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011;261 (Suppl 2):S186–91.
   Google Scholar
• Imayama I, Alfano CM, Kong A, Foster-Schubert KE, Bain CE, Xiao L, et al. Dietary weight loss and exercise interventions effects on quality of life in overweight/obese postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersen JR, Aasprang A, Bergsholm P, Sletteskog N, Vage V, Natvig GK. Anxiety and depression in association with morbid obesity: changes with improved physical health after duodenal switch. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2010;8:52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carmichael AR, Sue-Ling HM, Johnston D. Quality of life after the Magenstrasse and Mill procedure for morbid obesity. Obes Surg. 2001;11:708–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Striegel-Moore RH, Silberstein LR, Rodin J. Toward an understanding of risk factors for bulimia. Am Psychol. 1986;41:246–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Striegel-Moore RH, Silberstein LR, Rodin J. The social self in bulimia nervosa: public self-consciousness, social anxiety, and perceived fraudulence. J Abnorm Psychol. 1993;102:297–303.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grilo CM, Wilfley DE, Jones A, Brownell KD, Rodin J. The social self, body dissatisfaction, and binge eating in obese females. Obes Res. 1994;2:24–7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wiklund M, Olsen MF, Willen C. Physical activity as viewed by adults with severe obesity, awaiting gastric bypass surgery. Physiother Res Int. 2011;16: 179–86.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Knutsen IR, Terragni L, Foss C. Morbidly obese patients and lifestyle change: constructing ethical selves. Nurs Inq. 2011;18:348–58.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stunkard AJ, Faith MS, Allison KC. Depression and obesity. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;54:330–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wing RR, Papandonatos G, Fava JL, Gorin AA, Phelan S, McCaffery J, et al. Maintaining large weight losses: the role of behavioral and psychological factors. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008;76:1015–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Berkowitz RI, Sarwer DB, Womble LG, Hesson LA, et al. Changes in symptoms of depression with weight loss: results of a randomized trial. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009;17:1009–16.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elfhag K, Rossner S. Who succeeds in maintaining weight loss? A conceptual review of factors associated with weight loss maintenance and weight regain. Obes Rev. 2005;6:67–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wadden TA, Foster GD, Wang J, Pierson RN, Yang MU, Moreland K, et al. Clinical correlates of short- and long-term weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992;56(1 Suppl):271S–4S.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faulconbridge LF, Wadden TA, Thomas JG, Jones-Corneille LR, Sarwer DB, Fabricatore AN. Changes in depression and quality of life in obese individuals with binge eating disorder: bariatric surgery versus lifestyle modification. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2013;9:790–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin HY, Huang CK, Tai CM, Lin HY, Kao YH, Tsai CC, et al. Psychiatric disorders of patients seeking obesity treatment. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13:1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon GE, Von Korff M, Saunders K, Miglioretti DL, Crane PK, van Belle G, et al. Association between obesity and psychiatric disorders in the US adult population. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2006;63:824–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vallis TM, Butler GS, Perey B, Veldhuyzen van Zanten SJ, MacDonald AS, Konok G. The role of psychological functioning in morbid obesity and its treatment with gastroplasty. Obes Surg. 2001; 11:716–25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fabricatore AN, Wadden TA. Psychological aspects of obesity. Clin Dermatol. 2004;22:332–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andenaes R, Fagermoen MS, Eide H, Lerdal A. Changes in health- related quality of life in people with morbid obesity attending a learning and mastery course. A longitudinal study with 12-months follow-up. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2012;10:95.
   Google Scholar
• Greeno CG, Marcus MD, Wing RR. Diagnosis of binge eating disorder: discrepancies between a questionnaire and clinical interview. Int J Eat Disord. 1995;17:153–60.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD, Pendleton R, Strong M, Gress RE, Adams T. Health-related quality of life in patients seeking gastric bypass surgery vs non-treatment-seeking controls. Obes Surg. 2003;13:371–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Puhan MA, Frey M, Buchi S, Schunemann HJ. The minimal important difference of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2008;6:46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christiansen B, Borge L, Fagermoen MS. Understanding everyday life of morbidly obese adults-habits and body image. Int J Qual Stud Health Wellbeing. 2012;7:17255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poston WSC, Suminski RR, Foreyt JP. Physical activity level and the treatment of severe obesity. In: Bouchard C, editor. Physical activity and obesity. 1st ed. United States of America: Human Kinetics; 2000. p. 295–310.
   Google Scholar