Descriptive Epidemiology and Public Health Aspects of Low Back Pain

References

• Lawrence J. Rheumatism in populations. Heinemann, London 1977
   Google Scholar
• The challenge of arthritis and rheumatism. A report on problems and progress in health care for rheumatic disorders and with special reference to rehabilitation services. The British League against Rheumatism, London 1977
   Google Scholar
• Kelsey J. L. Epidemiology of musculoskeletal disorders. Oxford University PressOxford. 1982; 145–67
   Google Scholar
• Andersson G. B. J., Pope M. H., Frymoyer J. W. Epidemiology. Occupational low back pain, M. H. Pope, J. W. Frymoyer, G. B. J. Andersson. Praeger, New York 1984; 101–14
   Google Scholar
• Wood P. H. N., Badley E. M. Musculoskeletal system. Oxford textbook of public health. Vol. 4. Specific applications, W. W. Holland, R. Detels, G. Knox, E. Breeze. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1985; 279–97
   Google Scholar
• Klaukka T., Sievers K., Takala J. Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases in Finland in 1964–76. Scand J Rheumatol 1982, suppl 47: 5–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahrni W. H., Trueman G. E. Comparative radiological study of the spines of a primitive population with North Americans and Northern Europeans. J Bone Joint Surg [Br] 1965; 47: 552–5
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bremner J. M., Lawrence J. S., Miall We. Degenerative joint disease in a Jamaican rural population. Ann Rheum Dis 1968; 27: 326–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillane J. B., Fry J., Kalton G. Acute back syndrome - a study from general practice. Br Med J 1966; 2: 82–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benn R. T., Wood P. H. N. Pain in the back: an attempt to estimate the size of the problem. Rheumatol Rehabil 1975; 14: 121–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Barker M. E. Pain in the back and leg: a general practice survey. Rheumatol Rehabil 1977; 16: 37–45
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pokras R., Graves E. J., Dennison C. F. Surgical operations in short-stay hospitals: United States, 1978. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics. DHEW publication No. (PHS) 82–1722, 1982, (Data from the National Health Survey, Series 13, No. 61)
   Google Scholar
• Hurme M., Alaranta H., Torma T., Einola S. Operated lumbar disc herniation: epidemiological aspects. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1983; 72: 33–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rowe M. L. Backache at work. Perinton Press, New York 1983
   Google Scholar
• Nikiforov O. General hospital care in Finland in the 1960s and 1970s. Health Services Research by the National Board of Health in Finland, Helsinki 1984; 32, (In Finnish with English summary).
   Google Scholar
• Kozak L. J., Moien M. Detailed diagnoses and procedures for patients discharged from short-stay hospitals, United States, 1983. National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland 1985, DHEW publication No. (PHS) 85–1743 (Data from the National Health Survey, Series 13, No. 82)
   Google Scholar
• Anderson J. A. D. Epidemiological aspects of back pain. J Soc Occup Med 1986; 36: 90–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sova K. A. Computerized statistics on social insurance. Social Insurance Institution, Helsinki 1986
   Google Scholar
• Hult L. Cervical, dorsal, and lumbar spinal syndromes. Acta Orthop Scand 1954, suppl 17: 1–102
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hirsch C., Jonsson B., Lewin T. Low-back symptoms in a Swedish female population. Clin Orthop 1969; 63: 171–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magora A. Investigation of the relation between low-back pain and occupation. II. Work history. Ind Med Surg 1970; 39: 504–10
   Google Scholar
• Gyntelberg F. One year incidence of low back pain among male residents of Copenhagen aged 40–59. Dan Med Bull 1974; 21: 30–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagi S. Z., Riley L. E., Newby L. G. Social epidemiology of back pain in a general population. J Chronic Dis 1973; 26: 769–79
   Google Scholar
• Bonham G. C. Prevalence of chronic skin and musculoskeletal conditions: United States, 1976. DHEW publication No. (PHS) 79–1552), National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, Maryland 1976, (Data from the National Health Survey, Series 10, No. 124)
   Google Scholar
• Wickström G., Hänninen K., Lehtinen M., Riihimäki H. Previous back syndromes in concrete reinforcement workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 1978; 4(suppl 1)20–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takala J., Sievers K., Klaukka T. Rheumatic symptoms in the middle-aged population in southwestern Finland. Scand J Rheumatol 1982, suppl 47: 15–29
   Google Scholar
• Biering-Sorensen F. A prospective study of low back pain in a general population. I. Occurrence, recurrence and aetiology. Scand J Rehabil Med 1983; 15: 71–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Svensson H.-O., Vedin A., Wilhelmsson C., Andersson G. B. J. Low-back pain in relation to other diseases and cardiovascular risk factor. Spine 1983; 8: 277–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reisbord L. S., Greenland S. Factors associated with self-reported back pain prevalence: a population-based study. J Chronic Dis 1985; 38: 691–702
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Deyo R. A., Tsul-Wu Y.-J. Descriptive epidemiology of low-back pain and its related medical care in te United States. Spine 1987; 12: 264–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penttinen J. Back pain and sciatica in Finnish farmers. Publications of the Social Insurance Institution, Helsinki 1987; 71, Finland, ML
   Google Scholar
• Biering-Sörensen F., Hilden J. Reproducibility of the history of low-back trouble. Spine 1984; 9: 280–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mägi M., Allander E., Bjelle A., Ragnarsson A. Rheumatic disorders in a health survey: how valid and reliable are the reports?. Scand J Soc Med 1984; 12: 141–6
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sievers K., Melkas T., Heliövaara M. Study Group for Musculoskeletal Diseases. Part 3: Survey methods for musculoskeletal diseases. The execution of the Mini-Finland Health Survey, A. Aromaa, M. Heliovaara, O. Im-pivaara, P. Knekt, J. Maatela. Helsinki: Publications of the Social Insurance Institution, Finland, ML 1985; 50, (In Finnish with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Heliövaara M., Impivaara O., Sievers K., et al. Lumbar disc syndrome in Finland. J Epidemiol Community Health 1987; 41: 251–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heliövaara M. Epidemiology of sciatica and herniated lumbar intervertebral disc. Helsinki: Publications of the Social Insurance Institution, Finland, ML 1988; 76
   Google Scholar
• Kish L. Survey sampling. Wiley, New York 1965; 188–253
   Google Scholar
• Lehtonen R., Kuusela V. Statistical efficiency of the Mini-Finland Health Survey's sampling design. Part 5. The execution of the Mini-Finland Health Survey, A. Aromaa, M. Heliovaara, O. Impivaara, P. Knekt, J. Maatela. Helsinki: Publications of the Social Insurance Institution, Finland, ML 1986; 65, (In Finnish with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Armitage P. Statistical methods in medical research. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford and Edinburgh 1971
   Google Scholar
• Cox D. R. The analysis of binary data. Methuen, London 1970
   Google Scholar
• Miettinen O. S. Proportion of disease caused or prevented by a given exposure, trait or intervention. Am J Epidemiol 1974; 99: 325–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nachemson A. A critical look at conservative treatment for low back pain. The lumbar spine and back pain, M. Jayson. Pitman Medical, London 1980; 453–66
   Google Scholar
• Flohr H., Turk D. C. Etiological theories and treatments for chronic back pain. I. Somatic models and interventions. Pain 1984; 19: 105–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anonymous. Management of the acute back. (Editorial). Lancet 1984; ii: 1020–1
   Google Scholar
• Saloheimo E., Klaukka T., Sievers K. Controlled clinical trials on physical medicine. The amount and quality of trials in 1979–85, and effectiveness of treatment in musculoskeletal disorders. Helsinki: Publications of the Social Insurance Institution, Finland, AL 1986; 30, (In Finnish with English summary)
   Google Scholar
• Koran L. M. The reliability of clinical methods, data and judgements. N Engl J Med 1975; 293: 642–6; 695–701
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troup J. D. G., Slade P. D. Fear avoidance and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Stress Med 1985; 1: 217–20
   Google Scholar
• Biering-Sörensen F., Thomsen C. Medical, social and occupational history as risk indicators for low-back trouble in a general population. Spine 1986; 11: 720–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar