Bacteria-specific Cytotoxic CD8⁺ T Cells: A Missing Link in the Pathogenesis of the HLA-B27-associated Spondylarthropathies

References

• Schwimmbeck P L, Yu D TY, Oldstone M B. Autoantibodies to HLA-B27 in the sera of HLA-B27 patients with ankylosing spondylitis and Reiter's syndrome: molecular mimicry with Klebsiella pneumoniae as a potential mechanism of autoimmune disease. J Exp Med 1987; 166: 173–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stieglitz H, Fosmire S, Lipsky P. Identification of a 2-MD plasmid from shigella flexneri associated with reactive arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 1989; 32: 937–46
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lahesmaa R, Skurnik M, Vaara M, et al. Molecular mimickry between HLA B27 and Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella and Klebsiella within the same region of HLA alpha-1-helix. Clin Exp Immunol 1991; 86: 399–404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bejamin R, Parham P. HLA-B27 and disease: a consequence of inadvertent antigen presentation?. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 1992; 18: 11–21
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hermann E. T cells in reactive arthritis. APMIS 1993; 101: 177–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammer R E, Maika S D, Richardson J A, Tang J-P, Taurog J D. Spontaneous inflammatory disease in transgenic rats expressing HLA-B27 and human β2m: an animal model of HLA-B27-associated human disorders. Cell 1990; 63: 1099–112
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taurog J D, Hammer R E, Montafiez S, et al. Effect of the germfree state on the inflammatory disease of HLA-B27 transgenic rats: a split result. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: S46, (Suppl.)
   Google Scholar
• Breban M, Montafiez S, Hadavand R, et al. T cells but not thymic exposure to B27 are required for the inflammatory disease of HLA-B27 transgenic mice. Arthritis Rheum 1993; 36: S73, (Suppl.)
   Google Scholar
• Kaufmann S HE. CD8+ T lymphocytes in intracellular microbial infections. Immunol Today 1988; 9: 168–73
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pfeifer J D, Wick M J, Roberts R L, Findlay K, Normark S J, Harding C V. Phagocytic processing of bacterial antigens for class I MHC presentation to T cells. Nature 1993; 361: 359–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermann E, Yu D TY, Meyer zum Büschenfelde K-H, Fleischer B. HLA-B27-restricted CD8 T cells derived from synovial fluids of patients with reactive arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Lancet 1993; 342: 646–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamin R J, Madrigal J A, Parham P. Peptide binding to empty HLA-B27 molecules of viable human cells. Nature 1991; 351: 74–7
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scofield R H, Warren W L, Koelsch G, Harley J B. A hypothesis for the HLA-B27 immune dysregulation in spondylarthropathy: contributions from enteric organisms, B27 structure, peptides bound by B27, and convergent evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 9330–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hermann E, Mayet W-J, Meyer zum Büschenfelde K-H, Fleischer B. MHC-unrestricted recognition of bacteria-infected target cells by human CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes. Cell Immunol 1992; 143: 253–60
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gammon G, Sercarz E E, Benichou G. The dominant self and the cryptic self: shaping the autoreactive T-cell repertoire. Immunol Today 1991; 12: 193–8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schlaak J, Hermann E, Ringhoffer M, et al. Predominance of TH1-type T cells in synovial fluid of patients with Yersinia-induced reactive arthritis. Eur J Immunol 1992; 22: 2771–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaczynska M, Rock K L, Goldberg A L. γ-Interferon and expression of MHC genes regulate peptide hydolysis by proteasomes. Nature 1993; 365: 264–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buxton S E, Benjamin R J, Clayberger C, Parham P, Krensky A M. Anchoring pockets in human histocompatibility complex leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules: analysis of the conserved B ('45′) pocket of HLA-B27. J Exp Med 1992; 175: 809–20
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jardetzky T S, Lane W S, Robinson R A, Madden D R, Wiley D C. Identification of self peptides bound to purified HLA-B27. Nature 1991; 353: 326–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivanyi P. Immunogenetics of the spondylarthropathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol 1993; 5: 436–45
   PubMedGoogle Scholar