Control of immune responses by gene immunization

References

• Wolff J A, Malone R W, Williams P, et al. Direct gene transfer into mouse muscle in vivo. Science 1990; 247: 1465–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pertmer T M, Eisenbraun M D, McCabe D, Prayaga S K, Fuller D H, Haynes J R. Gene gun-based nucleic acid immunization: elicitation of humoral and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses following epidermal delivery of nanogram quantities of DNA. Vaccine 1995; 13: 1427–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haynes J R, Fuller D H, Eisenbraun M D, Ford M J, Pertmer T M. Accell particle-mediated DNA immunization elicits humoral, cytotoxic, and protective immune responses. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 1994; 10(Suppl 2)S43–5
   Google Scholar
• Hui K M, Sabapathy T K, Oei A A, Chia T F. Generation of allo-reactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes hy particle bombardment-mediated gene transfer. ] Immunol Methods 1994; 171: 147–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosmann T R, Cherwinski H, Bond M W, Giedlin M A, Coffman R L. Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins. J Immunol 1986; 136: 2348–57
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbas A K, Murphy K M, Sher A. Functional diversity of helper T lymphocytes. Nature 1996; 383: 787–93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seder R A, Paul W E. Acquisition of lymphokine-producing phenotype by CD4+ T cells. Annu Rev Immunol 1994; 12: 635–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Street N E, Mosmann T R. Functional diversity of T lymphocytes due to secretion of different cytokine patterns. FASEB J 1991; 5: 171–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drazen J M, Arm J P, Austen K F. Sorting out the cytokines of asthma. J Exp Med 1996; 183: 1–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heinzel F P, Sadick M D, Holaday B J, Coffman R L, Locksley R M. Reciprocal expression of interferon gamma or interleukin 4 during the resolution or progression of murine leishmaniasis. Evidence for expansion of distinct helper T cell subsets. J Exp Med 1989; 169: 59–72
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott P, Pearce E, Cheever A W, Coffman R L, Sher A. Role of cytokines and CD4+ T-cell subsets in the regulation of parasite immunity and disease. Immunol Rev 1989; 112: 161–82
   Google Scholar
• Yamamura M, Uyemura K, Deans R J, et al. Defining protective responses to pathogens: cytokine profiles in leprosy lesions [published erratum appears in Science 1992; 255: 12]. Science 1991; 254: 277–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutis T, Kraakman E M, Cornelisse Y E, et al. Analysis of cytokine production by Mycobacterium-reactive T cells. Failure to explain Mycobacterium leprae-specific nonresponsiveness of peripheral blood T cells from lepromatous leprosy patients. J Immunol 1993; 150: 4641–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manickan E, Rouse R J, Yu Z, Wire W S, Rouse B T. Genetic-immunization against herpes simplex virus. Protection is mediated by CD4+ T lymphocytes. J Immunol 1995; 155: 259–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raz E, Tighe H, Sato Y, et al. Preferential induction of a Th1 immune response and inhibition of specific IgE antibody formation by plasmid DNA immunization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 5141–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tighe H, Corr M, Roman M, Raz E. Gene vaccination: plasmid DNA is more than just a blueprint. Immunol Today 1998; 19: 89–97
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raz E, Carson D A, Parker S E, et al. Intradermal gene immunization: the possible role of DNA uptake in the induction of cellular immunity to viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 9519–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacsovics-Bankowski M, Rock K L. A phagosome-to-cytosol pathway for exogenous antigens presented on MHC class I molecules. Science 1995; 267: 243–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovacsovics-Bankowski M, Rock K L. Presentation of exogenous antigens by macrophages: analysis of major histocompatibility complex class I and II presentation and regulation by cytokines. Eur J Immunol 1994; 24: 2421–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reis e Sousa C, Germain R N. Major histocompatibility complex class I presentation of peptides derived from soluble exogenous antigen by a subset of cells engaged in phagocytosis. J Exp Med 1995; 182: 841–51
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schirmbeck R, Melber K, Reimann J. Hepatitis B virus small surface antigen particles are processed in a novel endosomal pathway for major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted epitope presentation. Eur J Immunol 1995; 25: 1063–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohm W, Schirmbeck R, Elbe A, et al. Exogenous hepatitis B surface antigen particles processed by dendritic cells or macrophages prime murine MHC class 1-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vivo. J Immunol 1995; 155: 3313–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez-Kinader B, Lipford G B, Wagner H, Heeg K. Sensitization of MHC class I-restricted T cells to exogenous proteins: evidence for an alternative class I-restricted antigen presentation pathway. Immunology 1995; 86: 287–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz R H. Costimulation of T lymphocytes: the role of CD28, CTLA-4, and B7/BB1 in interleukin-2 production and immunotherapy. Cell 1992; 71: 1065–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kundig T M, Bachmann M F, DiPaolo C, et al. Fibroblasts as efficient antigen-presenting cells in lymphoid organs. Science 1995; 268: 1343–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corr M, Lee D J, Carson D A, Tighe H. Gene vaccination with naked plasmid DNA: mechanism of CTL priming. J Exp Med 1996; 184: 1555–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulmer J B, Deck R R, Dewitt C M, Donnhly J I, Liu M A. Generation of MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes by expression of a viral protein in muscle cells: antigen presentation by non-muscle cells. Immunology 1996; 89: 59–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corr M, Tighe H. Plasmid DNA vaccination: mechanism of antigen presentation. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1997; 19: 139–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sato Y, Roman M, Tighe H, et al. Immunostimulatory DNA sequences necessary for effective intradermal gene immunization. Science 1996; 273: 352–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roman M, Martin-Orozco E, Goodman J S, et al. Immunostimulatory DNA sequences function as T helper-1-promoting adjuvants. Nat Med 1997; 3: 849–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chu R S, Targoni O S, Krieg A M, Lehmann P V, Harding C V. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides act as adjuvants that switch on T helper 1 (Th1) immunity. J Exp Med 1997; 186: 1623–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkmann V, Geiger T, Alkan S, Heusser C H. Interferon alpha increases the frequency of interferon gamma-producing human CD4+ T cells. J Exp Med 1993; 178: 1655–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yaegashi Y, Nielsen P, Sing A, Galanos C, Freudenberg M A. Interferon beta, a cofactor in the interferon gamma production induced by gram-negative bacteria in mice. J Exp Med 1995; 181: 953–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trinchieri G. Interleukin-12: a proinflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory functions that bridge innate resistance and antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Annu Rev Immunol 1995; 13: 251–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okamura H, Tsutsi H, Komatsu T, et al. Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells. Nature 1995; 378: 88–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Casares S, Inaba K, Brumeanu T D, Steinman R M, Bona C A. Antigen presentation by dendritic cells after immunization with DNA encoding a major histocompatibility complex class II-restricted viral epitope. J Exp Med 1997; 186: 1481–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naito M, Kodama T, Matsumoto A, Doi T, Takahashi K. Tissue distribution, intracellular localization, and in vitro expression of bovine macrophage scavenger receptors. Am J Pathol 1991; 139: 1411–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMenamin C, Pimm C, McKersey M, Holt P G. Regulation of IgE responses to inhaled antigen in mice by antigen-specific gamma delta T cells. Science 1994; 265: 1869–71
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrick D A, Schrenzel M D, Mulvania T, Hsieh B, Ferlin W G, Lepper H. Differential production of interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by gamma delta T cells in vivo. Nature 1995; 373: 255–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee D J, Tighe H, Corr M, et al. Inhibition of IgE antibody formation by plasmid DNA immunization is mediated by both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1997; 113: 227–30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hsu C H, Chua K Y, Tao M H, et al. Immunoprophylaxis of allergen-induced immunoglobulin E synthesis and airway hyperresponsiveness in vivo by genetic immunization. Nat Med 1996; 2: 540–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corr M, Tighe H, Lee D, et al. Costimulation provided by DNA immunization enhances antitumor immunity. J Immunol 1997; 159: 4999–5004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J J, Bagarazzi M L, Trivedi N, et al. Engineering of in vivo immune responses to DNA immunization via codelivery of costimulatory molecule genes. Nat Biotechnol 1997; 15: 641–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee D J, Aberyratne A, Carson D A, Corr M. Induction of an antigen-specific, CD1-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in vivo. J Exp Med 1998; 187: 433–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasquini S, Xiang Z, Wang Y, et al. Cytokines and costimulatory molecules as genetic adjuvants. Immunol Cell Biol 1997; 75: 397–401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svanholm C, Lowenadler B, Wigzell H. Amplification of T-cell and antibody responses in DNA-based immunization with HIV-1 Nef by co-injection with a GM-CSF expression vector. Scand J Immunol 1997; 46: 298–303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang Z, Ertl H C. Manipulation of the immune response to a plasmid-encoded viral antigen by coinoculation with plasmids expressing cytokines. Immunity 1995; 2: 129–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ulmer J B, Donnelly J J, Parker S E, et al. Heterologous protection against influenza by injection of DNA encoding a viral protein. Science 1993; 259: 1745–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fynan E F, Webster R G, Fuller D H, Haynes J R, Santoro J C, Robinson H L. DNA vaccines: protective immunizations by parenteral, mucosal, and gene-gun inoculations. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1993; 90: 11478–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnelly J J, Friedman A, Martinez D, et al. Preclinical efficacy of a prototype DNA vaccine: enhanced protection against antigenic drift in influenza virus. Nat Med 1995; 1: 583–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyer J D, Ugen K E, Wang B, et al. Protection of chimpanzees from high-dose heterologous HIV-1 challenge by DNA vaccination. Nat Med 1997; 3: 526–32
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J J, Weiner D B. DNA gene vaccination for HIV. Springer Semin lmmunopathol 1997; 19: 175–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hedstrom R C, Doolan D L, Wang R, et al. The development of a multivalent DNA vaccine for malaria. Springer Semin lmmunopathol 1997; 19: 147–59
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowrie D B, Silva C L, Tascon R E. Genetic vaccination against tuberculosis. Springer Semin lmmunopathol 1997; 19: 161–73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prince A M, Whalen R, Brotman B. Successful nucleic acid based immunization of newborn chimpanzees against hepatitis B virus. Vaccine 1997; 15: 916–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davis H L, Brazolot Millan CL. DNA-based immunization against hepatitis B virus. Springer Semin lmmunopathol 1997; 19: 195–209
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inchauspe G. Gene vaccination for hepatitis C. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1997; 19: 211–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox G J, Zamb T J, Babiuk L A. Bovine herpesvirus 1: immune responses in mice and cattle injected with plasmid DNA. J Virol 1993; 67: 5664–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClements W L, Armstrong M E, Keys R D, Liu M A. Immunization with DNA vaccines encoding glycoprotein D or glycoprotein B, alone or in combination, induces protective immunity in animal models of herpes simplex virus-2 disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996; 93: 11414–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClements W L, Armstrong M E, Keys R D, Liu M A. The prophylactic effect of immunization with DNA encoding herpes simplex virus glycoproteins on HSV-induced disease in guinea pigs. Vaccine 1997; 15: 857–60
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourne N, Stanberry L R, Bernstein D I, Lew D. DNA immunization against experimental genital herpes simplex virus infection. J Infect Dis 1996; 173: 800–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiang Z Q, Spitalnik S, Tran M, Wunner W H, Cheng J, Ertl H C. Vaccination with a plasmid vector carrying the rabies virus glycoprotein gene induces protective immunity against rabies virus. Virology 1994; 199: 132–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins L P, Lau L L, Asano M S, Ahmed R. DNA vaccination against persistent viral infection. J Virol 1995; 69: 2574–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yokoyama M, Zhang J, Whitton J L. DNA immunization confers protection against lethal lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. J Virol 1995; 69: 2684–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donnelly J J, Martinez D, Jansen K U, Ellis R W, Montgomery D L, Liu M A. Protection against papillomavirus with a polynucleotide vaccine. J Infect Dis 1996; 173: 314–20
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierenga E A, Snoek M, de Groot C, et al. Evidence for compartmentalization of functional subsets of CD4+ T lymphocytes in atopic patients. J Immunol 1990; 144: 4651–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parronchi P, Macchia D, Piccinni M P, et al. Allergen- and bacterial antigen-specific T-cell clones established from atopic donors show a different profile of cytokine production. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88: 4538–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mygind N, Dahl R, Pederson S, Thestrup-Pederson K. Essential Allergy, 2nd edn. Blackwell Science, Cambridge, MA 1996
   Google Scholar
• Durrant L G. Cancer vaccines. Anticancer Drugs 1997; 8: 727–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conry R M, LoBuglio A F, Loechel F, et al. A carcino-embryonic antigen polynucleotide vaccine for human clinical use. Cancer Gene Ther 1995; 2: 33–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham R A, Burchell J M, Beverley P, Taylor-Papadimitriou J. Intramuscular immunisation with MUC1 cDNA can protect C57 mice challenged with MUC1-expressing syngeneic mouse tumour cells. Int J Cancer 1996; 65: 664–70
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klinman D M, Takeno M, Ichino M, et al. DNA vaccines: safety and efficacy issues. Springer Semin Immunopathol 1997; 19: 245–56
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegrist C A, Lambert P H. Immunization with DNA vaccines in early life: advantages and limitations as compared to conventional vaccines. Springer Semin lmmunopathol 1997; 19: 233–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar