Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy

References

• Gross JL, de Azevedo MJ, Silveiro SP, Canani LH, Caramori ML, Zelmanovitz T. Diabetic nephropathy: Diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:164–176
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaturvedi N, Bandinelli S, Mangili R, Penno G, Rottiers RE, Fuller JH. Microalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes: Rates, risk factors and glycemic threshold. Kidney Int. 2001;60:219–227
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Adler AI, Stevens RJ, Manley SE, Bilous RW, Cull CA, Holman RR; UKPDS GROUP. Development and progression of nephropathy in type 2 diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 64). Kidney Int. 2003;63:225–232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma K, Danoff TM, DePiero A, Ziyadeh FN. Enhanced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in murine macrophages and glomerular mesangial cells by elevated glucose levels: Possible mediation via protein kinase C. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;207:80–88
   Google Scholar
• Weiss MA, Ooi BS, Ooi YM, Engvall E, Ruoslahti E. Immunofluorescent localization of fibronectin in the human kidney. Lab Invest. 1979;41:340–347
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk RJ, Scheinman JI, Mauer SM, Michael AF. Polyantigenic expansion of basement membrane constituents in diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes. 1983;32(Suppl. 2):34–39
   Google Scholar
• Lopaschuk GD. Treating ischemic heart disease by pharmacologically improving cardiac energy metabolism. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:14–17
   Google Scholar
• McClellan KJ, Plosker GL. Trimetazidine: A review of its use in stable angina pectoris and others conditions. Drugs. 1999;58:143–157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steg PG, Grollier G, Gallay P, et al. A randomized double-blind trial of intravenous trimetazidine as adjunctive therapy to primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 2001;77:263–273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Padadopoulos CL, Kanonidis IE, Kotridis PS, et al. The effect of trimetazidine on reperfusion arrhythmia in acute myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol. 1996;55:137–142
   Google Scholar
• Ma LJ, Nakamura S, Aldigier JC, et al. Regression of glomerulosclerosis with high-dose angiotensin inhibition is linked to decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:966–976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pagana KD, Pagana TJ. Urine studies. In: Pagana KD, Pagana TJ, eds. Mosby’s Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests. 2nd ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby; 2002:811–880
   Google Scholar
• Simerville JA, Maxted WC, Pahira JJ. Urinalysis: A comprehensive review [published correction appears in Am Fam Physician. 2006;74(7):1096]. Am Fam Physician. 2005;71(6):1153–1162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pietrow PK, Karellas ME. Medical management of common urinary calculi. Am Fam Physician. 2006;74(1):86–94
   Google Scholar
• Grossfeld GD, Wolf JS Jr, Litwan MS, et al. Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults: Summary of the AUA best practice policy recommendations. Am Fam Physician. 2001;63(6):1145–1154
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fioretto P, Caramori ML, Mauer M. The kidney in diabetes: Dynamic pathways of injury and repair. The Camillo Golgi Lecture 2007. Diabetologia. 2008;51:1347–1355
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Domanski L, Sulikowski T, Safranow K, et al. Effect of trimetazidine on the nucleotide profile in rat kidney with ischemia-reperfusion injury. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2006;27(4):320–327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harpey C, Clauser P, Labrid C, et al. Trimetazidine, a cellular antiischemic agent. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 1989;6:292–312
   Google Scholar
• Elimadi A, Settaf A, Morin D, et al. Trimetazidine counteracts the hepatic injury associated with ischemia-reperfusion by preserving mitochondrial function. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1998;286:23–28
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Aubert A, Bernard C, Clauser P, et al. Effect of pnenazine methosulfate on electrophysiological activity of the semisircular canal: Antioxidant properties of trimetazidine. Eur J Pharmacol. 1989;174:215–225
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kantor PF, Lucien A, Kozak R, et al. The antianginal drug trimetazidine shifts cardiac energy metabolism from fatty acid oxidation to glucose oxidation by inhibiting mitochondrial long-chain 3-ketoacyl coenzyme A thiolase. Circ Res. 2000;86:580–588
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lavanchy N, Martin J, Rossi A. Anti-ischemic effects of trimetazidine: 31P-NMR spectroscopy in the isolated rat heart. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1987;286:97–110
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hannedouche T, Landais P, Goldfarb B, El Esper N, et al. Randomized controlled trial of enalapril and beta blockers in nondiabetic chronic renal failure. Br Med J. 1994;309:833–837
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kamper AL, Strandgaard S, Leyssac PP. Effect of enalapril on the progression of chronic renal failure: A randomized controlled trial. Am J Hypertens. 2002;5:423–430
   Google Scholar
• Maschio G, Alberti D, Janin G, et al. Effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazepril on the progression of chronic renal insufficiency. The Angiotensin-Converting-Enzyme Inhibition in Progressive Renal Insufficiency Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:939–945
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akishita M, Nagai K, Xi H, et al. Renin-angiotensin system modulates oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in rats. Hypertension. 2005;45:1188–1193
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zafari AM, Ushio-Fukai M, Akers M, et al. Role of NADH/NADPH oxidase-derived H2O2 in angiotensin II-induced vascular hypertrophy. Hypertension. 1998;32:488–495
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaziri ND, Ni Z, Oveisi F, Trnavsky-Hobbs DL. Effect of antioxidant therapy on blood pressure and NO synthase expression in hypertensive rats. Hypertension. 2000;36:957–964
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaziri ND, Ding Y, Ni Z. Compensatory up-regulation of nitric oxide synthase isoforms in lead-induced hypertension; reversal by a superoxide dismutase-mimetic drug. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001;298:679–685
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broadbent NV, Stahl PJ, Chen J, et al. Early upregulation of iNOS mRNA expression and increase in NO metabolites in pressurized renal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007;293:1877–1888
   Google Scholar
• Sharma R, Sharma M, Reddy S, Savin VJ, Nagaria AM, Wiegmann TB. Chronically increased intrarenal angiotensin II causes nephropathy in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Front Biosci. 2006;1;11:968–976
   Google Scholar
• Ciechanowicz A. Molecular mechanisms of nephro-protective action of enalapril in experimental chronic renal failure. Ann Acad Med Stetin. 1999;52:1–593
   Google Scholar
• Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Gherardi G, Gaspari F, Benini R, Remuzzi G. Renal function and requirement for dialysis in chronic nephropathy patients on long-term ramipril: REIN follow-up trial. Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia (GISEN). Ramipril Efficacy in Nephropathy. Lancet. 1998;352:1252–1256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Apperloo AJ, De Zeeuw D, Sluiter HE, De Jong PE. Differential effects of enalapril and atenolol on proteinuria and renal hemodynamics in non-diabetic renal disease. Br Med J. 1991;303:821–824
   Google Scholar