Weight loss significantly reduces serum lipocalin-2 levels in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome

References

• Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hum Reprod 2004;19:41–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Legato MJ. Gender-specific aspects of obesity. Int J Fertil Womens Med 1997;42:184–197.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Björntorp P. Abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Ann Med 1992;24:465–468.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodarzi MO, Korenman SG. The importance of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril 2003;80:255–258.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nestler JE, Jakubowicz DJ. Lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome respond to insulin reduction with decreases in ovarian P450c17 alpha activity and serum androgens. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:4075–4079.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nestler JE, Powers LP, Matt DW, Steingold KA, Plymate SR, Rittmaster RS, Clore JN, Blackard WG. A direct effect of hyperinsulinemia on serum sex hormone-binding globulin levels in obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;72:83–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltoketo H, Luu-The V, Simard J, Adamski J. 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD)/17-ketosteroid reductase (KSR) family; nomenclature and main characteristics of the 17HSD/KSR enzymes. J Mol Endocrinol 1999;23:1–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan QW, Yang Q, Mody N, Graham TE, Hsu CH, Xu Z, Houstis NE, et al. The adipokine lipocalin 2 is regulated by obesity and promotes insulin resistance. Diabetes 2007;56:2533–2540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kjeldsen L, Johnsen AH, Sengeløv H, Borregaard N. Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. J Biol Chem 1993;268:10425–10432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kratchmarova I, Kalume DE, Blagoev B, Scherer PE, Podtelejnikov AV, Molina H, Bickel PE, et al. A proteomic approach for identification of secreted proteins during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2002;1:213–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meheus LA, Fransen LM, Raymackers JG, Blockx HA, Van Beeumen JJ, Van Bun SM, Van de Voorde A. Identification by microsequencing of lipopolysaccharide-induced proteins secreted by mouse macrophages. J Immunol 1993;151:1535–1547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pervaiz S, Brew K. Homology and structure-function correlations between alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and serum retinol-binding protein and its relatives. FASEB J 1987;1:209–214.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Esteve E, Ricart W, Fernández-Real JM. Adipocytokines and insulin resistance: the possible role of lipocalin-2, retinol binding protein-4, and adiponectin. Diabetes Care 2009;32 Suppl 2:S362–S367.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Lam KS, Kraegen EW, Sweeney G, Zhang J, Tso AW, Chow WS, et al. Lipocalin-2 is an inflammatory marker closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in humans. Clin Chem 2007;53:34–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi KM, Lee JS, Kim EJ, Baik SH, Seo HS, Choi DS, Oh DJ, Park CG. Implication of lipocalin-2 and visfatin levels in patients with coronary heart disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2008;158:203–207.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hemdahl AL, Gabrielsen A, Zhu C, Eriksson P, Hedin U, Kastrup J, Thorén P, Hansson GK. Expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006;26:136–142.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• xxxxx 2222 http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm228746.htm. Accessed 3/4/2011.
   Google Scholar
• xxxx 2222 http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/news_and_events/news/2010/01/news_detail_000985.jsp&murl=menus/news_and_events/news_and_events.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058004d5c1. Accessed 3/4/2011.
   Google Scholar
• James WP, Caterson ID, Coutinho W, Finer N, Van Gaal LF, Maggioni AP, Torp-Pedersen C, et al.; SCOUT Investigators. Effect of sibutramine on cardiovascular outcomes in overweight and obese subjects. N Engl J Med 2010;363:905–917.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piouka A, Farmakiotis D, Katsikis I, Macut D, Gerou S, Panidis D. Anti-Mullerian hormone levels reflect severity of PCOS but are negatively influenced by obesity: relationship with increased luteinizing hormone levels. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2009;296:E238–E243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morley JE, Patrick P, Perry HM 3rd. Evaluation of assays available to measure free testosterone. Metab Clin Exp 2002;51:554–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia 1985;28:412–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katz A, Nambi SS, Mather K, Baron AD, Follmann DA, Sullivan G, Quon MJ. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index: a simple, accurate method for assessing insulin sensitivity in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2402–2410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Livadas S, Kandarakis SA, Margeli A, Papassotiriou I. Serum concentrations of atherogenic proteins neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and its complex with matrix metalloproteinase-9 are significantly lower in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: hint of a protective mechanism? Eur J Endocrinol 2008;158:525–531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cakal E, Ozkaya M, Engin-Ustun Y, Ustun Y. Serum lipocalin-2 as an insulin resistance marker in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Endocrinol Invest 2011;34:97–100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar