14
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Combined Oral Estradiol Valeratenorethisterone Treatment Over Three Years in Postmenopausal Women. 1. Clinical Aspects and Endometrial Histology

, &
Pages 109-122 | Published online: 07 Jul 2009

References

  • Barentsen R., Groeneveld FPMJ, Bareman FP, et al. Women's opinion on withdrawal bleeding with hormone replacement therapy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1993; 51: 203–7
  • Mitchell A., Walsh D., Hart DM. Induced menstruation and cyclical opposed oestrogen replacement therapy: a survey of patient attitudes. Presented at the 6th International Congress on the Menopause. Bangkok October, 1990, Abstr 252
  • Whitehead MI, Townsend P., King R. Female hormones and the postmenopausal endometrium. N Engl J Med 1982; 306: 1425
  • Burkman RT. Lipid and lipoprotein changes in relation to oral contraception and hormonal replacement therapy. Fertil Steril 1988; 49: 39–50S
  • Christiansen C., Haarbo J. Estrogens, progestagens, and lipoproteins. Osteoporosis, C. Christiansen, K. Overgaard. Handelstry-keriet Aalborg ApS, AalborgDenmark 1990; 3: 1794–7
  • Varma TR, Morseman J. Effect of oestrogen and progesterone on fasting serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels in postmenopausal women. Int J Gynecol Obstet 1982; 20: 91–7
  • Whitehead MI, Fraser D. The effects of oestrogens and progestogens on the endometrium. Modern approach to treatment. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 1987; 14: 299–320
  • Magos AL, Brincat M., Studd JWW, et al. Amenorrhea and endometrial atrophy with continuous oral estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynaecol 1985; 65: 496–9
  • Sporrong J., Hellgren M., Samsioe G., et al. Comparison of four continuously administered progestogens plus oestradiol combinations for climacteric complains. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1988; 95: 1042–8
  • Leather AT, Sawas M., Studd JWW. Endometrial histology and bleeding patterns after 8 years of continuous combined estrogen and progestogen therapy in postmenopausal women. Obstet Gynaecol 1991; 78: 1008–10
  • Hedrickson MR, Kempson RR. Surgical pathology of the uterine corpus. Major Problems in Pathology, JL Bennington. WB Saunders, Philadelphia 1980; 12: 36–332
  • Hassager C., Christiansen C. Blood pressure during estrogen/progestogen substitution therapy in healthy post-menopausal women. Maturitas 1988; 9: 315–23
  • Samsioe G. Progestogens do not attenuate cardiovascular benefits by estrogens. Progress in the Management of the Menopause, BG Wren. Parthenon Publishing Group, CarnforthUK 1997; 419–26
  • Campbell S. Double blind psychometric studies on the effects of natural oestrogens on postmenopausal women. Management of the Menopause and the Post-Menopausal Years, S. Campbell. MTP Press, Lancaster UK 1976; 149–58
  • Coope J., Thompson JM, Poller L. Effects of 'natural oestrogen' replacement therapy on menopausal symptoms and blood clotting. Br Med J 1975; 4: 139–43
  • Davey DA, Berger GM, Yon D., et al. Continuous combined oral estradiol and norethisterone acetate in post-menopausal women: effect on vasomotor symptoms, plasma lipids and lipoproteins. Maturitas 1984; 2: 103
  • Paterson MEL. A randomised double-blind crossover trial into the effect of norethisterone on climacteric symptoms and biochemical profiles. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1982; 89: 464–72
  • Whitfield CR. Benign tumours of the uterus. Dewhurst's Textbook of Obstetrics and Gynaecology for Postgraduates, CR Whitfield. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 1986; 4: 726–32
  • Office for National Statistics. Population and Health Monitor. Registrations of Cancer Diagnosed in 1991. England and Wales September, 1996; MB1: 96/1, 4–5
  • Stanford JL, Weiss NS, Voigt LF, et al. Combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy in relation to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women. J/lm. Med Assoc 1995; 274: 137–42
  • Armstrong BK. Oestrogen therapy after the menopause - boon or bane?. Med J Aust 1988; 148: 213–14
  • Wingo PA, Layde PM, Lee NC, et al. The risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have used estrogen replacement therapy. J Am Med Assoc 1987; 257: 209–15
  • Colditz GA, Hankinson SF, Hunter DJ, et al. The use of estrogens and progestins and the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. N Englf Med 1995; 332: 1589–93
  • Hunt K., Vessey M., McPherson K. Long-term surveillance of mortality and cancer incidence in women receiving hormone replacement therapy. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1987; 94: 620–35
  • Daly E., Vessey MP, Hawkins MM, et al. Risk of venous thromboembolism in users of hormone replacement therapy. Lancet 1996; 348: 977–80
  • Jick H., Derby LE, Myers MW, et al. Risk of hospital admission for idiopathic venous thromboembolism among users of postmenopausal oestrogens. Lancet 1996; 348: 981–3
  • Grodstein F., Stampfer MJ, Goldhaber SZ, et al. Prospective study of exogenous hormones and risk of pulmonary embolism in women. Lancet 1996; 348: 983–7

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.