174
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Therapy

Cost-effectiveness of a hydroquinone/tretinoin/fluocinolone acetonide cream combination in treating melasma in the United States

, , , &
Pages 276-281 | Received 02 Jun 2009, Accepted 19 Jul 2009, Published online: 08 Jan 2010

References

  • Vazquez M, Maldonado H, Benmaman C, Sanchez JL. Melasma in men. A clinical and histologic study. Int J Dermatol. 1988; 27:25–27.
  • Grimes PE. Melasma. Etiologic and therapeutic considerations. Arch Dermatol. 1995; 131:1453–1457.
  • Taylor SC. Epidemiology of skin diseases in people of color. Cutis. 2003; 71:271–275.
  • Sanchez NP, Pathak MA, Sato S, Fitzpatrick TB, Sanchez JL, Mihm MC Jr. Melasma: A clinical, light microscopic, ultrastructural, and immunofluorescence study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1981; 4:698–710.
  • Kang WH, Yoon KH, Lee ES, Kim J, Lee KB, Yim H, Melasma: Histopathological characteristics in 56 Korean patients. Br J Dermatol. 2002; 146:228–237.
  • Balkrishnan R, McMichael AJ, Camacho FT, Saltzberg F, Housman TS, Grummer S, Development and validation of a health-related quality of life instrument for women with melasma. Br J Dermatol. 2003; 149:572–577.
  • Balkrishnan R, Kelly AP, McMichael A, Torok H. Improved quality of life with effective treatment of facial melasma: The pigment trial. J Drugs Dermatol. 2004; 3:377–381.
  • Gupta AK, Gover MD, Nouri K, Taylor S. The treatment of melasma: A review of clinical trials. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006; 55:1048–1065.
  • Pathak MA, Fitzpatrick TB, Kraus EW. Usefulness of retinoic acid in the treatment of melasma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986; 15:894–899.
  • Vàzquez M, Sànchez JL. The efficacy of a broad-spectrum sunscreen in the treatment of melasma. Cutis. 1983; 32:9295–9296.
  • Kligman AM, Willis I. A new formula for depigmenting human skin. Arch Dermatol. 1975; 111:40–48.
  • Taylor SC, Torok H, Jones T, Lowe N, Rich P, Tschen E, Efficacy and safety of a new triple-combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma. Cutis. 2003; 72:67–72.
  • Torok HM, Jones T, Rich P, Smith S, Tschen E. Hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%, fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%: A safe and efficacious 12-month treatment for melasma. Cutis. 2005; 75:57–62.
  • Torok H, Taylor S, Baumann L, Jones T, Wieder J, Lowe N, A large 12-month extension study of an 8-week trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of triple combination (TC) cream in melasma patients previously treated with TC cream or one of its dyads. J Drugs Dermatol. 2005; 4:592–597.
  • Grimes P, Kelly AP, Torok H, Willis I. Community-based trial of a triple-combination agent for the treatment of facial melasma. Cutis. 2006; 77:177–184.
  • Cestari T, Adjadj L, Hux M, Shimizu MR, Rives VP. Cost-effectiveness of a fixed combination of hydroquinone/tretinoin/fluocinolone cream compared with hydroquinone alone in the treatment of melasma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007; 6:153–160.
  • Ferreira Cestari T, Hassun K, Sittart A, de Lourdes Viegas M. A comparison of triple combination cream and hydroquinone 4% cream for the treatment of moderate to severe facial melasma. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2007; 6:36–39.
  • Thomson Corporation. Red book. Montvale, NJ: Thomson PDR; 2008. p. v.
  • Lynfield YL, Schechter S. Choosing and using a vehicle. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1984; 10:56–59.
  • Long CC, Mills CM, Finlay AY. A practical guide to topical therapy in children. Br J Dermatol. 1998; 138:293–296.
  • Long CC, Finlay AY. The finger-tip unit – a new practical measure. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1991; 16:444–447.
  • Grimes PE. A microsponge formulation of hydroquinone 4% and retinol 0.15% in the treatment of melasma and postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. Cutis. 2004; 74:362–368.
  • Yoshimura K, Sato K, Aiba-Kojima E, Matsumoto D, Machino C, Nagase T, Repeated treatment protocols for melasma and acquired dermal melanocytosis. Dermatol Surg. 2006; 32:365–371.
  • Cook-Bolden FE, Hamilton SF. An open-label study of the efficacy and tolerability of microencapsulated hydroquinone 4% and retinol 0.15% with antioxidants for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. Cutis. 2008; 81:365–371.
  • Carroll CL, Feldman SR, Camacho FT, Manuel JC, Balkrishnan R. Adherence to topical therapy decreases during the course of an 8-week psoriasis clinical trial: Commonly used methods of measuring adherence to topical therapy overestimate actual use. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004; 51:212–216.
  • Chan R, Park KC, Lee MH, Lee ES, Chang SE, Leow YH, A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of a fixed triple combination (fluocinolone acetonide 0.01%, hydroquinone 4%, tretinoin 0.05%) compared with hydroquinone 4% cream in Asian patients with moderate to severe melasma. Br J Dermatol. 2008; 159:697–703.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.