REFERENCES
- Hanifin J M. Atopic dermatitis. Allergy principles and practice, 4th edn., E Middleton, Jr, C E Reed, E F Ellis, et al. Mosby, St. Louis 1993; 1581–604
- Greaves M W. Pathophysiology and clinical aspects of pruritus. Dermatology in general medicine, 4th edn., T B Fitzpatrick, A Z Eisen, K. Wolff, I M Freedberg, K F Austen. McGraw-Hill, New York 1994; 413–21
- Hanifin J M, Rajka G. Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1980; 92: 44–7
- Sampson H A. Atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy 1992; 69: 469–79
- Bernhard J D. Scratching. Itch: mechanisms and management of pruritus., J D Bernhard. McGraw-Hill, New York 1994; 97–102
- Wahlgren C F. Pathophysiology of itching in urticaria and atopic dermatitis. Allergy 1992; 47: 65–75
- Behrendt H, Ring J. Histamine, antihistamines and atopic eczema. Clin Exp Allergy 1990; 20(Suppl 4)25–30
- Mihm M C, Jr, Soter N A, Dvorak H F, et al. The structure of normal skin and the morphology of atopic eczema. J Invest Dermatol 1976; 67: 305–12
- Wahlgren C F. Itch and atopic dermatitis: clinical and experimental studies. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh) 1991; 165: 1–53
- Drake L A, Fallon J D, Sober A, et al. Relief of pruritus in patients with atopic dermatitis after treatment with topical doxepin cream. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994; 31: 613–16
- Drake L A, Millikan L E. Doxepin Study Group, The antipruritic effect of 5% doxepin cream in patients with eczematous dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 1995; 131: 1403–8
- Millikan L E. Treating pruritus. Postgrad Med 1996; 99: 173–84
- Wahlgren C F, Hagermark O, Bergstrom R. The antipruritic effect of a sedative and a non-sedative antihistamine in atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1990; 122: 545–51
- Berth-Jones J, Graham-Brown R AC. Failure of terfenadine in relieving the pruritus of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 1989; 121: 635–7
- Richelson E. Antimuscarinic and other receptor-blocking properties of antidepressants. Mayo Clin Proc 1983; 58: 40–6
- Goldsobel A B, Rohr A S, Siegel S C, et al. Efficacy of doxepin in the treatment of idiopathic urticaria. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1986; 78: 867–73
- Neittaamnaki H, Fraki J E. Combination of localized heat urticaria and cold urticaria: release of histamine in suction blisters and successful treatment of heat urticaria with doxepin. Clin Exp Dermatol 1988; 13: 87–91
- Figueiredo A, Fontes-Ribeiro C A, GonCalo M, et al. Mechanism of action of doxepin in the treatment of chronic urticaria. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1990; 4: 147–58
- Bernstein J E, Whitney D H, Soltani K. Inhibition of histamine-induced pruritus by topical tricyclic antide-pressants. J Am Acad Dermatol 1981; 5: 582–5
- Bernstein J E, Gillenwater G E. Relief of eczema-associated pruritus by doxepin hydrochloride. J Invest Dermatol 1986; 86: 463
- Tortora G J, Anagnostakos N P. The integumentary system. Principles of anatomy and physiology, 3rd edn. Harper & Row, New York 1981; 116
- Wahlgren C F, Hagermark O, Bergstrom R, et al. Evaluation of a new method of assessing pruritus and antipruritic drugs. Skin Pharmacol 1988; 1: 3–13
- Fleiss J L. The design and analysis of clinical experiments. John Wiley, New York 1986
- Simone D A, Alreja M, LaMotte R H. Psychophysical studies of the itch sensation and itchy skin ('allokinesis') produced by intracutaneous injection of histamine. Somatosens Most Res 1991; 8: 271–329
- Meyer R A, Campbell J N. A novel electrophysiological technique for locating cutaneous nociceptive and chemospecific receptors. Brain Res 1988; 441: 81–6
- LaMotte R H, Simone D A, Baumann T K, . Hypothesis of novel classes of chemoreceptors mediating chemogenic pain and itch. Procedings of the Vth World Congress on Pain., R Dubner, G F Gebhart, M R Bond, et al. Elsevier Science Publishers, New York 1988; 529–35
- Shelley W B, Arthur R P. The neurohistology and neuro-physiology of the itch sensation in man. Arch Dermatol 1957; 76: 296–323
- Johansson O, Hilliges M, Stahle-Backdahl M. Intraepidermal neuronspecific enolase (NSE)-immunoreactive nerve fibres: evidence for sprouting in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Neurosci Lett 1989; 99: 281–6
- Wang L, Hilliges M, Jemberg T, et al. Protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive nerve fibres and cells in human skin. Cell Tissue Res 1990; 261: 25–33
- Zonalon cream (doxepin hydrochloride cream), 5%: a clinical review. GenDerm Corporation, Lincolnshire, Ill 1994; 13–14
- Shelanski M V, Phillips S B, Potts C E. Evaluation of cutaneous reactivity to recently marketed dermatologic products. Int J Dermatol 1996; 35: 137–40