281
Views
15
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Communicative functions of GPI-anchored surface proteins in unicellular eukaryotes

&
Pages 70-78 | Received 25 Feb 2012, Accepted 03 May 2012, Published online: 08 Jun 2012

References

  • Arai H, Inoue K, Nishikawa K, Banno Y, Nozawa Y, Nojima S. (1986). Properties of acid phospholipases in lysosome and extracellular medium of Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Biochem, 99, 125–133.
  • Azzouz N, Striepen B, Gerold P, Capdeville Y, Schwarz RT. (1995). Glycosylinositol-phosphoceramide in the free-living protozoan Paramecium primaurelia: modification of core glycans by mannosyl phosphate. EMBO J, 14, 4422–4433.
  • Benwakrim A, Trémolière A, Labarre J, Capdeville Y. (1998). The lipid moiety of the GPI-anchor of the major plasma membrane proteins in Paramecium primaurelia is a ceramide: variation of the amide-linked fatty acid composition as a function of growth temperature. Protist, 149, 39–50.
  • Bisharyan Y. (2010). GPI-anchored proteins in ciliated protozoa: from Ca++ signaling to mitochondrial extrusion. PhD thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Available at: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/14909
  • Bisharyan Y, Clark TG. (2011). Calcium-dependent mitochondrial extrusion in ciliated protozoa. Mitochondrion, 11, 909–918.
  • Capdeville Y. (2000). Paramecium GPI proteins: variability of expression and localization. Protist, 151, 161–169.
  • Christensen ST, Sørensen H, Beyer NH, Kristiansen K, Rasmussen L, Rasmussen MI. (2001). Cell death in Tetrahymena thermophila: new observations on culture conditions. Cell Biol Int, 25, 509–519.
  • Clark TG, Forney JD. (2003). Free-living and parasitic ciliates. In: Craig A, Scherf A, ed. Antigenic Variation. Oxford: Elsevier Books, 375–402.
  • Cross ML, Matthews RA. (1992). Ichthyophthiriasis in carp. Cyprinus carpio L.: fate of parasites in immunized fish. J Fish Dis, 15, 497–505.
  • Deregnaucourt C. (1992). Turnover of the GPI-anchored surface antigen in Paramecium. Partial release of its acetylated form into the culture medium. Eur J Protistol, 28, 220–225.
  • Ferguson MA. (1999). The structure, biosynthesis and functions of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, and the contributions of trypanosome research. J Cell Sci, 112 (Pt 17), 2799–2809.
  • Florin-Christensen J, Florin-Christensen M, Rasmussen L, Knudsen J. (1986). An acid phospholipase C from Tetrahymena culture medium. Comp Biochem Physiol, 85B, 143–148.
  • Flötenmeyer M, Momayezi M, Plattner H. (1999). Immunolabeling analysis of biosynthetic and degradative pathways of cell surface components (glycocalyx) in Paramecium cells. Eur J Cell Biol, 78, 67–77.
  • Ghiladi M, Christensen ST, Schousboe P, Rasmussen L. (1992). Compounds stimulating growth and multiplication in ciliates. Do also free-living cells release growth factors? Naturwissenschaften, 79, 234–235.
  • Gomer RH, Yuen IS, Firtel RA. (1991). A secreted 80 × 10(3) Mr protein mediates sensing of cell density and the onset of development in Dictyostelium. Development, 112, 269–278.
  • Gomer RH, Jang W, Brazill D. (2011). Cell density sensing and size determination. Dev Growth Differ, 53, 482–494.
  • Hammarström S, Olsen A, Teglund S, Baranov V. (1998). The nature and expression of the human CEA family. In: Stanners CP, ed. Cell Adhesion and Communication Mediated by the CEA Family: Basic and Clinical Perspectives. Vol. 5. Amsterdam: Hardwood Academic Publishers, 1–30.
  • Harumoto T, Miyake A. (1993). Possible participation of surface antigens of Paramecium in predator-prey interaction. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 40, 27A.
  • Harumoto T. (1994). The role of trichocyst discharge and backward swimming in escaping behavior of Paramecium from Dileptus margaritifer. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 41, 560–564.
  • Jones IG. (1965). Studies on the characterization and structure of the immobilization antigens of Paramecium aurelia. Biochem J, 96, 17–23.
  • Juergensmeyer EB. (1969). Serotype expression and transformation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Protozool, 16, 344–352.
  • Klöppel C, Müller A, Marker S, Simon M. (2009). Two isoforms of eukaryotic phospholipase C in Paramecium affecting transport and release of GPI-anchored proteins in vivo. Eur J Cell Biol, 88, 577–592.
  • Ko YG, Hung CY, Thompson GA Jr. (1995). Temperature regulation of the Tetrahymena mimbres glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein lipid composition. Biochem J, 307 (Pt 1), 115–121.
  • Kobayashi T, Nishizaki R, Ikezawa H. (1997). The presence of GPI-linked protein(s) in an archaeobacterium, Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, closely related to eukaryotes. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1334, 1–4.
  • Kopp M, Tollrian R. (2003). Reciprocal phenotypic plasticity in a predator–prey system: inducible offences against inducible defences? Ecol Lett, 6, 742–748.
  • Kuhlmann HW, Heckmann K. (1985). Interspecific morphogens regulating prey-predator relationships in protozoa. Science, 227, 1347–1349.
  • Kuhlmann H-W. (1993). Giants in Lembadion bullinum (Ciliophora, Hymenostomata) – General morphology and inducing conditions. Arch Protistenkd, 143, 325–336.
  • Kusch J, Heckmann K. (1992). Isolation of the Lembadion-factor, a morphogenetically active signal, that induces Euplotes cells to change from their ovoid form into a larger lateral winged morph. Dev Genet, 13, 241–246.
  • Kusch J. (1993a). Induction of defensive morphological changes in ciliates. Oecologia, 94, 571–575.
  • Kusch J. (1993b). Behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates induced by the predator Amoeba proteus. Oecologia, 96, 354–359.
  • Kusch J. (1994). The cell cycle of Euplotes aediculatus (Ciliophora) at various population densities. Arch Protistenkd, 144, 1–6.
  • Kusch J. (1995). Adaptation of inducible defence in Euplotes daidaleos (Ciliophora) to predation risks by various predators. Microbial Ecol, 30, 79–88.
  • Kusch J. (1999). Self-recognition as the original function of an amoeban defense-inducing kairomone. Ecology, 80, 715–720.
  • Lauc G. (2006). Sweet secret of the multicellular life. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1760, 525–526.
  • Lauc G, Heffer-Lauc M. (2006). Shedding and uptake of gangliosides and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1760, 584–602.
  • Lauc G, Rudan I, Campbell H, Rudd PM. (2010). Complex genetic regulation of protein glycosylation. Mol Biosyst, 6, 329–335.
  • Lin TL, Clark TG, Dickerson H. (1996). Passive immunization of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) against the ciliated protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis by use of murine monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun, 64, 4085–4090.
  • Low MG, Prasad AR. (1988). A phospholipase D specific for the phosphatidylinositol anchor of cell-surface proteins is abundant in plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85, 980–984.
  • Low MG. (1989). Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol: a versatile anchor for cell surface proteins. FASEB J, 3, 1600–1608.
  • Margolin P, Loefer JB, Owen RD. (1959). Immobilizing antigens of Tetrahymena pyriformis. J Protozool, 6, 207–215.
  • Momayezi M, Albrecht P, Plattner H, Schmidt HJ. (2004). Temperature-induced change of variant surface antigen expression in Paramecium involves antigen release into the culture medium with considerable delay between transcription and surface expression. J Membr Biol, 200, 15–23.
  • Müller A, Klöppel C, Smith-Valentine M, Van Houten J, Simon M. (2012). Selective and programmed cleavage of GPI-anchored proteins from the surface membrane by phospholipase C. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1818, 117–124.
  • Naghibalhossaini F, Stanners CP. (2004). Minimal mutations are required to effect a radical change in function in CEA family members of the Ig superfamily. J Cell Sci, 117, 761–769.
  • Naghibalhossaini F, Yoder AD, Tobi M, Stanners CP. (2007). Evolution of a tumorigenic property conferred by glycophosphatidyl-inositol membrane anchors of carcinoembryonic antigen gene family members during the primate radiation. Mol Biol Cell, 18, 1366–1374.
  • Orlean P, Menon AK. (2007). Thematic review series: lipid posttranslational modifications. GPI anchoring of protein in yeast and mammalian cells, or: how we learned to stop worrying and love glycophospholipids. J Lipid Res, 48, 993–1011.
  • Oxley D, Bacic A. (1999). Structure of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of an arabinogalactan protein from Pyrus communis suspension-cultured cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 14246–14251.
  • Paquette CA, Rakochy V, Bush A, Van Houten JL. (2001). Glycophosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in Paramecium tetraurelia: possible role in chemoresponse. J Exp Biol, 204, 2899–2910.
  • Paulick MG, Bertozzi CR. (2008). The glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor: a complex membrane-anchoring structure for proteins. Biochemistry, 47, 6991–7000.
  • Peters-Regehr T, Kusch J, Heckmann K. (1997). Primary structure and origin of a predator released protein that induces defensive morphological changes in Euplotes. Eur J Protistol, 33, 389–395.
  • Preer JR Jr. (1959). Studies on the immobilization antigens of Paramecium. I. Assay methods. J Immunol, 83, 276–283.
  • Preer JR. (1986). Surface antigens of Paramecium. In: Gall JG, ed. The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa. New York: Academic Press, 301–339.
  • Roberts WL, Myher JJ, Kuksis A, Low MG, Rosenberry TL. (1988). Lipid analysis of the glycoinositol phospholipid membrane anchor of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase. Palmitoylation of inositol results in resistance to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. J Biol Chem, 263, 18766–18775.
  • Simon MC, Marker S, Schmidt HJ. (2006). Inefficient serotype knock down leads to stable coexistence of different surface antigens on the outer membrane in Paramecium tetraurelia. Eur J Protistol, 42, 49–53.
  • Simon MC, Schmidt HJ. (2007). Antigenic variation in ciliates: antigen structure, function, expression. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 54, 1–7.
  • Stanners CP, Fuks A. (1998). Properties of adhesion mediated by the human CEA family. In: Stanners CP, ed. Cell Adhesion and Communication Mediated by the CEA Family: Basic and Clinical Perspectives. Vol. 5. Amsterdam: Hardwood Academic Publishers, 57–71.
  • Tollrian R, Harvell CD. (1999). The evolution of inducible defenses. Chicago: Princeton University Press.
  • Van Donk E. (2007). Chemical information transfer in freshwater plankton. Ecol Inf, 2, 112–120.
  • Xu C, Clark TG, Leff AA, Dickerson HW. (1995). Analysis of the soluble and membrane-bound immobilization antigens of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. J Eukaryot Microbiol, 42, 558–564.
  • Yuen IS, Taphouse C, Halfant KA, Gomer RH. (1991). Regulation and processing of a secreted protein that mediates sensing of cell density in Dictyostelium. Development, 113, 1375–1385.
  • Zoldoš V, Grgurević S, Lauc G. (2010). Epigenetic regulation of protein glycosylation. BioMol Concepts, 1, 253–261.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.