Bacterial Toxins

References

• Agarwal M. K. Receptor activity and cortisone binding following reticuloendothelial functional alteration in mice. Int. J. Biochem. 1972; 3: 408
   Google Scholar
• Al-Awqati Q., Wallace C. K., Greenough W. B., III. Stimulation of intestinal secretion in vitro by culture filtrates of Escherichia coli. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 125: 300
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alms T. H., Bass J. A. Immunization against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. I. Induction of protection by an alcohol-precipitated fraction from the slime layer. J. Infect. Dis. 1967; 117: 249
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andersson J., Melchers F., Galanos C, Lüderitz O. The mitogenic effect of lipopolysaccharides in bone marrow-derived mouse lymphocytes. Lipid A as the mitogenic part of the molecule. J. Exp. Med. 1973; 137: 943
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Andersson J., Möller G., Sjöberg O. Selective induction of DNA synthesis in T and B lymphocytes. Cell Immunol. 1972; 4: 381
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Atik M., Liu P. V., Hanson B. A., Amini S., Rosenberg C. F. Pseudomonas exotoxin shock. A preliminary report of studies in dogs. JAMA 1968; 205: 134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkins E. Pathogenesis of fever. Physiol. Rev. 1960; 40: 580
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atkins E., Bodel P. Fever. N. Engl. J. Med. 1972; 286: 27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Austin P. E., McCulloch E. A., Till J. E. Characterization of the factor in L-cell conditioned medium capable of stimulating colony formation by mouse marrow. J. Cell. Physiol. 1971; 77: 121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacterial Endotoxins, M. Landy, W. Braun. Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 1964; 691, Eds.
   Google Scholar
• Balis J. U., Pagast P., McKeever L., Shelley S. Perinatal reactions of the rabbit lung to maternal endotoxemia. Lab Invest. 1975; 33: 289
   Google Scholar
• Banwell J. G., Gorbach S. L., Pierce N. F., Mitra R., Mondal A. Acute undifferentiated diarrhea in the tropics. II. Alterations in intestinal fluid and electrolyte movements. J. Clin. Invest. 1971; 50: 890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barksdale L. Corynebacterium diphtheriae and its relatives. Bacteriol Rev. 1970; 34: 378
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bass J. A., McCoy J. C. Passive immunization against experimental Pseudomonas infection: correlation of protection to Verder and Evans “O” serotypes. Infect. Immun. 1971; 3: 51
   Google Scholar
• Batson R. C., Greenberg P. H., Nance F. C. Effect of serotonin and endotoxin on acute gastric stress ulceration in conventional and germ-free rats. Surg. Forum 1973; 24: 426
   Google Scholar
• Beck G., Poindron P., Illinger D., Beck J. P., Ebel J. P., Falcoff R. Inhibition of steroid inducible tyrosine aminotransferase by mouse and rat interferon in hepatoma tissue culture cells. FEBS Lett. 1974; 48: 297
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Beeson P. B. Tolerance to bacterial pyrogens. I. Factors influencing its development. J. Exp. Med. 1947; 86: 29
   Google Scholar
• Beeson P. B. Tolerance to bacterial pyrogens. II. Role of the reticuloendothelial system. J. Exp. Med. 1947; 86: 39
   Google Scholar
• Bennet I. L., Cluff L. E. Bacterial pyrogens. Pharmacol. Rev. 1957; 9: 427
   Google Scholar
• Berk J. L., Hagen J. F., Beyer W. H., Gerber M. J. Hypoglycemia of shock. Ann. Surg. 1970; 171: 400
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J. Effect of environmental temperature on lethality of endotoxin on body temperature in mice. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 1966; 27: 1264
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J. Metabolic effects of bacterial endotoxin. Bacterial Toxins, S. Kadis, G. Weinbaum, S. J. Ajl. Academic Press, New York 1971; Vol. 5: 165
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J. Bacterial toxins. Lloydia 1975; 38: 8
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J. Metabolic effects of endotoxin. Microbiology 1975, D. Schlessinger. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1975; 315
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J., Smythe D. S. Effects of bacterial endotoxin on metabolism. II. Protein-carbohydrate balance following cortisone. J. Exp. Med. 1959; 110: 407
   Google Scholar
• Berry L. J., Smythe D. S., Colwell L. S. Inhibition of inducible liver enzymes by endotoxin and actinomycin D. J. Bacteriol. 1966; 92: 107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berry L. J. Smythe, D. S., Colwell, L. S., Schoengold, R. J., and Actor, P., Comparison of the effects of a synthetic polyribonucleotide with the effects of endotoxin on selected host responses. Infect. Immun. 1971; 3: 444
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berry L. J., Smythe D. S., Young L. G. Effects of bacterial endotoxin on metabolism. I. Carbohydrate depletion and the protective role of cortisone. J. Exp. Med. 1959; 110: 389
   Google Scholar
• Bhaskaran K. Recombination of characters between mutant stocks of Vibrio cholerae, strain 162. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1960; 23: 47
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bhat P., Shantakumari S., Rajan D., Mathan V. I., Kapadia C. R., Swarnabai C, Baker S. J. Bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract in southern Indian control subjects and patients with tropical sprue. Gastroenterology 1972; 62: 11
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bitensky M. W., Gorman R. E., Thomas L. Selective stimulation of epinephrine-responsive adenylcyclase in mice by endotoxin. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1971; 138: 773
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackwood J. M., Hsieh J., Femel J., Rush B. F., Jr. Tissue metabolites in endotoxin and hemorrhagic shock. Arch. Surg. (Chicago) 1973; 107: 181
   Google Scholar
• Bodel P. Colchicine stimulation of pyrogen production by human blood. Leukocytes. J. Exp. Med. 1976; 143: 1015
   Google Scholar
• Bodel P., Miller H. Pyrogen from mouse macrophages causes fever in mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol Med. 1976; 151: 93
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bona C., Chedid L., Lamensans A. In vitro attachment of radioactive endotoxins to lysosomes. Infect. Immun. 1971; 4: 532
   Google Scholar
• Bonventie P. F. Diphtheria. Microbiology 1975, D. Schlessinger. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1975; 272
   Google Scholar
• Bonventie P. F., Imhoff J. G. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. I. Protein synthesis in guinea pig tissues. J. Exp. Med. 1966; 124: 1107
   Google Scholar
• Bonventre P. F., Imhoff J. G. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. II. Protein synthesis in primary heart cell cultures. J. Exp. Med. 1967; 126: 1079
   Google Scholar
• Bonventre P. F., Saelinger C. B., Ivins B., Woscinski C, Amorini M. Interaction of cultured mammalian cells with125I] diphtheria toxin. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 675
   Google Scholar
• Boquet P., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr. Interaction of diphtheria toxin with mammalian cell membranes. J. Biol. Chem. 1976; 251: 5770
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Borenfreund E., Steinglass M., Korngold G. C., Bendick A. Diethylaminoethyl-dextran and uptake of nucleic acids by mammalian cells. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1973; 51: 1391
   Google Scholar
• Bowers W. D., Jr., Previte J. J., Daum R. C. infrastructure of the liver in infected and endotoxin-poisoned mice exposed to cold. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 125: 491
   Google Scholar
• Bowman C. G., Bonventre P. F. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. III. Studies on subcellular components of protein synthesis from the tissues of intoxicated guinea pigs and rats. J. Exp. Med. 1970; 131: 659
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradley S. G., Howe D. B. Perturbation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide of the metabolic processes of human cells in continuous culture. J. Reticuloendothel Soc. 1976; 20: 135
   Google Scholar
• Bradley T. R., Metcalf D. The growth of mouse bone marrow cells in vitro, Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 1966; 44: 287
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Braude A. I., Douglas H. Passive immunization against the local Shwartzman reaction. J. Immunol. 1972; 108: 505
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braude A. I., Douglas H., Davis C. E. Treatment and prevention of intravascular coagulation with antiserum to endotoxin. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 157
   Google Scholar
• Braun V. Molecular organization of the rigid layer and the cell wall of Escherichia coli. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 51
   Google Scholar
• Bridgwater F. A. J., Morgan R. S., Rowson K. E. K., Wright G. P. The neurotoxin of Shigella shigae. Morphological and functional lesions produced in the central nervous system of rabbits. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1955; 36: 447
   Google Scholar
• Brown P. L., Jeffries C. D. Liver glutathione and glutathione reductase response of endotoxin-treated mice. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 8
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buchanan B. J., Filkins J. P. Insulin secretion and sensitization to endotoxin shock. Circ. Shock 1976; 3: 223
   Google Scholar
• Buchanan B. J., Filkins J. P. Bioassay of endotoxin clearance in vivo and by perfused rat liver. Am. J. Physiol. 1976; 231: 258
   Google Scholar
• Buchanan B. J., Filkins J. P. Hypoglycemic depression of RES function. Am. J. Physiol. 1976; 231: 265
   Google Scholar
• Burlington H., Cronkite E. P., Laissue J. A., Reincke U., Shadduck R. K. Colony-stimulating activity in cultures of granulocytosis-inducing tumor. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1977; 154: 86
   Google Scholar
• Burrows W. Cholera toxins. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 1968; 22: 245
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Butcher R. W., Baird C. E., Sutherland E. W. Effects of lipolytic and antilipolytic substances on adenosine-30, 5'-monophosphate levels in isolated fat cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1968; 243: 1705
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Callahan L. T. III, Purification and characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 112
   Google Scholar
• Callahan L. T. III, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin: purification by preparative gel electrophoresis and the development of a highly specific antitoxin serum. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 55
   Google Scholar
• Cardis D. T., Reinhold R. B., Woodruff P. W. H., Fine J. Endotoxaemia in man. Lancet 1972; 1: 381
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter C. C. J. Cholera and other enterotoxin-related diarrheal diseases. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 551
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpenter C. C. J. Cholera interotoxin - recent investigations yield insights into transport processes. Am. J. Med. Sci. 1971; 50: 1
   Google Scholar
• Carpenter C. C. J., Sack R. B., Feeley J. C., Steenberg R. W. Site and characteristics of electrolyte loss and effect of intraluminal glucose in experimental canine cholera. J. Clin. Invest. 1968; 47: 1210
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carswell E. A., Old L. J., Kassel R. L., Green S., Fiore N., Williamson B. An endotoxin-induced serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 3666
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter W. A. Interferon: evidence for subunit structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1970; 67: 620
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang C. M., Nowotny A. Relation of structure to function in bacterial O-antigens. VII. Endotoxicity of “Lipid A”. Immunochemistry 1975; 12: 19
   Google Scholar
• Chedid L., Audibert F., Bona C., Damais C., Parant F., Parant M. Biological activities of endotoxins detoxified by alkylation. Infect. Immun 1975; 12: 714
   Google Scholar
• Chen C. H., Johnson A. G., Kasai N., Key B. A., Levin J., Nowotny A. Heterogeneity and biological activity of endotoxicglycolipid from Salmonella minnesota R 595. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 43
   Google Scholar
• Chervenick P. A., Lo Buglio A. F. Human blood monocytes: stimulation of granulocyte and mononuclear colony formation in vitro. Science 1972; 178: 164
   Google Scholar
• Chiller J. M., Skidmore B. J., Morrison D. C., Weigle W. O. Relationship of the structure of bacterial lipopolysaccharides to its function in mitogenesis and adjuvanticity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1973; 70: 2129
   Google Scholar
• Ciznar I., Shands J. W. Effect of alkaline treated lipopolysaccharide on erythrocyte membrane stability. Infect. Immun. 1971; 4: 362
   Google Scholar
• Cline M. J., Rothman B., Golde D. W. Effect of endotoxin on the production of colony-stimulating factor by human monocytes and macrophages. J. Cell. Physiol. 1974; 84: 193
   Google Scholar
• Clowes G. H. A., Jr., O'Donnell T. F., Jr., Ryan N. T., Blackburn G. L. Energy metabolism in sepsis: treatment based on different patterns in shock and high output stage. Ann. Surg. 1974; 179: 684
   Google Scholar
• Collier R. J. Effect of diphtheria toxin on protein synthesis: inactivation of one of the transfer factors. J. Mol. Biol. 1967; 25: 83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collier R. J. Diphtheria toxin: mode of action and structure. Bacteriol. Rev. 1975; 39: 54
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Collier R. J., Cole H. A. Diphtheria toxin subunit active in vitro. Science 1969; 164: 1179
   Google Scholar
• Collier R. J., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. 11. Effect of toxin on amino acid incorporation in cell-free systems. J. Exp. Med. 1964; 120: 1019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conradi H. Ueber Losliche durch aseptische autolyse Erhaltene Giftstoffe von Ruhr-und Typhusbazillen. Dtsch. Med. Wochcnschr. 1903; 29: 26
   Google Scholar
• Cook J. A., Di Luzio N. R., Hoffmann E. O. Factors modifying susceptibility to bacterial endotoxin: the effect of lead and cadmium. CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 1975; 3(2)201
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cooper J. F., Levin J., Wagner H. N. Quantitative comparison of in vitro and in vivo methods for the detection of endotoxin. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1971; 78: 138
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cooperstock M. S., Tucker R. P., Baublis J. V. Possible pathogenic role of endotoxin in Reye's syndrome. Lancet 1975; 1: 1272
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corrigan J. J., Bell B. M. Endotoxin-induced intravascular coagulation: prevention with polymyxin B sulfate. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1971; 77: 802
   Google Scholar
• Coutinho A., Gronowicz E., Sultzer B. M. Genetic control of B-cell responses. I. Selective unresponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide. Scand. J. Immunol. 1975; 4: 139
   Google Scholar
• Cox C. G., Rafter G. W. Pyrogen and enzyme release from rabbit blood leukocytes promoted by endotoxin and polyinosinic polycytidylic acid. Biochem. Med. 1971; 5: 227
   Google Scholar
• Craig J. P. A permeability factor (toxin) found in cholera stools and culture filtrates and its neutralization by convalescent cholera sera. Nature (London) 1965; 207: 614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craig J. P. Cholera toxins. Microbial Toxins, S. Kadis, T. C. Montie, S. J. Ajl. New York, Academic Press 1971; Vol. 2A: 189
   Google Scholar
• Creagan R. P., Chen S., Ruddle F. H. Genetic analysis of the cell surface: association of human chromosome 5 with sensitivity to diphtheria toxin in mouse-human somatic cell hybrids. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 2237
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cryer P. E., Herman C. M., Sode J. Carbohydrate metabolism in the baboon subjected to gram-negative (E. coli) septicemia. I. Hyperglycemia with depressed insulin concentrations. Ann. Surg. 1971; 174: 91
   Google Scholar
• Cuatrecasas P. Interaction of Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin with cell membranes. Biochemistry 1973; 12: 3547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuatrecases P. Gangliosides and membrane receptors for cholera toxin. Biochemistry 1973; 12: 3558
   Google Scholar
• Cuatrecasas P. Cholera toxin-fat cell interaction and the mechanism of activation of the lipolytic response. Biochemistry 1973; 12: 3567
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuevas P., Ishiyama M., Koizuma S., Woodruff P. W. H., Kaufman A., Fine J. Role of endotoxaemia of intestinal origin in early death from large burns. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1974; 138: 725
   Google Scholar
• Cukor G., Solotorovsky M., Kuchler R. J. Biological activity of heated diphtheria toxin. J. Bacteriol. 1973; 115: 277
   Google Scholar
• Darrieulat F., Parant M. Action d'un antagoniste de la serotonine, le methysergide, sur Peffet abortif ou ietal des endotoxines bacteriennes chez la souris. Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Paris) 1971; 121: 665
   Google Scholar
• De S. N. Enterotoxicity of bacteria-free culture filtrate of. Vibrio cholerae, Nature (London) 1959; 183: 1533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De S. N., Chatterjee D. N. An experimental study of the mechanism of action of Vibrio cholerae on the intestinal mucous membrane. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 1953; 46: 559
   Google Scholar
• Dean A. G., Ching Y., Williams R. G., Harden L. B. Test for Escherichia coli enterotoxin using infant mice: application in a study of diarrhea in children in Honolulu. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 125: 407
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dendy P. R., Harris H. Sensitivity to diphtheria toxin as a species-specific marker in hybrid cells. J. Cell Sci. 1973; 12: 831
   Google Scholar
• De Palma R. G., Harano Y., Robinson A. V., Holden W. D. Structure and function of hepatic mitochondria in hemorrhage and endotoxemia. Surg. Forum 1970; 21: 3
   Google Scholar
• Dierich M. P., Bitter-Seurmann D., Konig W., Hadding U., Galanos C., Rietschel E. T. Analysis of by-pass activation of C 3 by endotoxic LPS and loss of this potency. Immunology 1973; 24: 721
   Google Scholar
• Dimitracopoulos G., Sensakovic J. W., Bartell P. F. Slime of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: in vivo production. Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 152
   Google Scholar
• Di Pauli R. Genetics of the immune response. I. Differences in the specificity of antibodies to lipopolysaccharides among different strains of mice. J. Immunol. 1972; 109: 394
   Google Scholar
• Di Pauli R. Genetics of the immune response. II. Inheritance of antibody specificity to lipopolysaccharides in mice. J. Immunol. 1972; 111: 82
   Google Scholar
• Donlan M. A., Walker R. S. Adenyl cyclase activity of mouse liver membranes after incubation with endotoxin and epinephrine. Experentia 1976; 32: 179
   Google Scholar
• Donta S. T. Interactions of choleragenoid and GM1 ganglioside with enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli in cultured adrenal cells. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S115
   Google Scholar
• Donta S. T., King M., Sloper K. Induction of steroidogenesis in tissue culture by cholera enterotoxin. Nature (London) New Biol. 1973; 243: 246
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Donta S. T., Moon H. W., Whipp S. C. Detection of heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin with the use of adrenal cells in tissue culture. Science 1974; 83: 334
   Google Scholar
• Donta S. T., Smith D. M. Stimulation of steroidogenesis in tissue culture by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and its neutralization by specific anteriserum. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 500
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donta S. T., Viner J. P. Inhibition of the steroidogenic effects of cholera and heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxins by GM1 ganglioside: evidence for a similar receptor site for the two toxins. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 982
   Google Scholar
• Domet F., Jaksche H., Stockl W. Escherichia coli enterotoxin: purification, partial characterization, and immunological observations. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S142
   Google Scholar
• Dorner F., Mayer P. Escherichia coli enterotoxin: stimulation of adenylate cyclase in broken cell preparations. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 429
   Google Scholar
• Dumont F. Effect of stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide on the surface-charge of mouse B-lymphocytes. Ann. Immunol. (Paris) 1975; 126C: 453
   Google Scholar
• Dutta N. K., Habbu M. K. Experimental cholera in infant rabbits: a method for chemotherapeutic investigation. J. Pharmacol. 1955; 10: 153
   Google Scholar
• Dutta N. K., Panse M. V., Kulkarni D. N. Role of cholera toxin in experimental cholera. J. Bacterial. 1959; 78: 594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dyke J. W., Berk R. S. Comparative studies on Pseudomonas aeruginosa endotoxin. Z. Allg. Mikrobiol. 1973; 13: 307
   Google Scholar
• Eaton M. D. The purification and concentration of diphtheria toxin. J. Bacterial. 1936; 31: 347
   Google Scholar
• Echeverria P., Louria C. J., Smith A. L., Smith D. Variation in enterotoxigenicity of Escherichia coli. J. Infect. Dis. 1977; 135: 195
   Google Scholar
• Ecker E. E., Remington C. A preliminary study of the chemical nature of the toxic substances produced by the Salmonella group of organisms. J. Hyg. 1927; 27: 44
   Google Scholar
• Eddington C. L., Upehurch H. F., Kampschmidt R. F. Quantitation of plasma α2-AP globulin before and after stimulation with leukocytic extracts. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 139: 565
   Google Scholar
• Elin R., Wolff S. M. Nonspecificity of the Limulus amebocyte lysate test: positive reactions with polynucleotidesand proteins. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott L. P., Snyder I. S. Effect of endotoxin on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity in mouse liver. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 141: 253
   Google Scholar
• Erdös E. G. Effect of non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs in endotoxin shock. Biochem. Pharmacol. Suppl. 1968; 17: 283
   Google Scholar
• Erdös E. G., Miwa I. Effect of endotoxin shock on the plasma kallikrein-kinin system of the rabbit. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 1968; 27: 92
   Google Scholar
• Eubanks E. R., Guentzel M. N., Berry L. J. Virulence factors involved in the intraperitoneal infection of adult mice with Vibrio cholerae. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 457
   Google Scholar
• Eubanks E. R., Guentzel M. N., Berry L. J. Evaluation of surface components of Vibrio cholerae as protective immunogens. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans D. G., Evans D. J., Jr., Gorbach S. L. Identification of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and serum antitoxin activity by the vascular permeability factor assay. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 731
   Google Scholar
• Evans D. G., Evans D. J., Pierce N. F. Differences in the response of rabbit small intestine to heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxin of. Escherichia coli, Infect. Immun. 1973; 7: 873
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans D. J., Jr., Chen L. C., Curlin G. T., Evans D. G. Stimulation of adenyl cyclase by Escherichia coli enterotoxin. Nature (London) New Biol. 1972; 236: 137
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Evans D. J., Jr., Evans D. G., Gorbach S. L. Production of vascular permeability factor by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from man. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evans D. J., Jr., Evans D. G., Gorbach S. L. Polymyxin B-induced release of low-molecular-weight, heat-labile enterotoxin from. Escherichia coli, Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 1010
   Google Scholar
• Evans D. J., Jr., Evans D. G., Richardson S. H., Gorbach S. L. Purification of the polymyxin-released, heat-labile enterotoxin of. Escharichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S97
   Google Scholar
• Evensen S. A., Pickering R. J., Batbouta J., Shepro D. Endothelial injury induced by bacterial endotoxin: effect on complement depletion. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 5: 463
   Google Scholar
• Favorite G. O., Morgan H. R. Effects produced by the intravenous injection in man of a toxic antigenic material derived from Eberthella typhosa. Clinical, hematological, chemical and serological studies. J. Clin. Invest. 1942; 21: 589
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Feeley J. C., Pittman M. A mouse protection test for assay of cholera vaccine. SEATO Conf. on Cholera. Bangkok, Post 1960; 92
   Google Scholar
• Feldbetg W., Saxena P. N. Fever produced by prostaglandin E1. J. Physiol. 1971; 217: 547
   Google Scholar
• Feldberg W., Saxena P. N. Further studies on prostaglandin E, fever. J. Physiol. 1971; 219: 739
   Google Scholar
• Feldberg W., Saxena P. N. Prostaglandins, endotoxin and lipid A on body temperature in rats. J. Physiol. 1975; 249: 601
   Google Scholar
• Field M. Intestinal secretion: effect of cyclin AMP and its role in cholera. N. Engl. J. Med. 1971; 248: 1137
   Google Scholar
• Field M., Plotkin G. R., Silen W. Effects of vasopression, theophylline and cyclic adenosin monophosphate on short-circuit current across isolated rabbit ileal mucosa. Nature (London) 1968; 217: 469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filkins J. P. Hepatic lysosomes and the inactivation of endotoxin. J. Reticidoendothel. Soc. 1971; 9: 480
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Filkins J. P. Hypoglycemia and depressed hepatic gluconeogenesis during endotoxicosis in lead-sensitized rats. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1973; 142: 915
   Google Scholar
• Filkins J. P. Blood endotoxin inactivation after trauma and endotoxicosis. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1976; 151: 89
   Google Scholar
• Filkins J. P., Cornell R. P. Depression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and the hypoglycemia of endotoxin shock. Am. J. Physiol. 1974; 227: 778
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A. Cholera. CRC Crit. Rev. in Microbiol. 1973; 2: 553
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A. Immunology of cholera. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1975; 69: 137
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A. Progress in the study of cholera and related enterotoxins. Mechanisms in Bacterial Toxinology, A. W. Bernheimer. John Wiley & Sons, New York 1976; 53
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A., Boesman M., Neoh S. H., LaRue M. K., Delaney R. Dissociation and recombination of the subunits of the cholera enterotoxin (choleragen). J. Immunol. 1974; 113: 145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A., LaRue M. K., Johnston D. W., Vasil M. L., Cho G. J., Jones J. R. Isolation and properties of heat-labile enterotoxin(s) from enterotoxigenic. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S120
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A., LaRue M. K., LoSpalluto J. J. Properties of cholera exo-enterotoxin: effects of dispersing agents in gel filtration and electrophoresis. Infect. Immun. 1972; 6: 934
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Finkeistein R. A., LoSpalluto J. J. Pathogenesis of experimental cholera: preparation and isolation of choleragen and choleragenoid. J. Exp. Med. 1969; 130: 189
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A., LoSpalluto J. J. Preparation of highly purified choleragen and choleragenoid. J. Infect. Dis. 1970; 63S, Suppl. 121
   Google Scholar
• Finkelstein R. A., Vasil M. L., Holmes R. K. Studies on toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae. I. Isolation of mutants with altered toxinogenicity. J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 129: 117
   Google Scholar
• Fiser R. H., Denniston J. C., Beisel W. R. Endotoxemia in the Rhesus monkey: alterations in host lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Pediatr. Res. 1974; 8: 13
   Google Scholar
• Fiser R. H., Schultz T. D., Rindsig R. B., Beisel W. R. Alterations in plasma and brain lipid metabolism during endotoxemia in the neonatal rat. Biol. Neonat. 1973; 22: 155
   Google Scholar
• Flores J., Witkum P., Sharp G. W. G. Activiation of adenylate cyclase by cholera toxin in rat liver homogenates. J. din. Invest. 1976; 57: 450
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonnesu A., Severi C. Lowered P/O ratios with mitochondria isolated from livers showing cloudy swelling. Science 1956; 123: 324
   Google Scholar
• Fonnesu A., Severi C. Oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria from livers showing cloudy swelling. J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytoi. 1956; 2: 293
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Formal S. B., Dupont H. L., Hornick R. B. Enterotoxic diarrheal syndromes. Annu. Rev. Med. 1973; 24: 103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Formal S. B., LaBrec E. H., Schneider H. Pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery in laboratory animals. Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 1965; 24: 29
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fraenkel E. Über die Menschenpathogenität desbacillus Pyocyaneus. Z. Hyg. Infektionskr. 1912; 72: 486
   Google Scholar
• Freedman H. H. Passive transfer of tolerance to pyrogenicity of bacterial endotoxin. J. Exp. Med. 1960; 111: 453
   Google Scholar
• Freeman V. J. Studies on the virulence of bacteriophage-infected strains of. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, J. Bacterial. 1951; 61: 675
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freter R. Studies on the mechanism of action of intestinal antibody in experimental cholera. Tex. Rep. Biol. Med. 1970; 27: 299
   Google Scholar
• Freter R. Mechanism of action of intestinal antibody in experimental cholera. II. Antibody-mediated antibacterial reaction at the mucosal surface. Infect. Immun. 1970; 2: 556
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Freter R., Jones G. W. Adhesive properties of Vibrio cholerae: nature of the interaction with intact mucosal surfaces. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freudenberg N., Haublein U. The effect of endotoxin shock on the aortic endothelium of young rats. Beitr. Pathol. 1975; 156: 1
   Google Scholar
• Galanos C. Physical state and biological activity of lipopolysaccharides, toxicity and immunogenicity of the lipid A component. Z. Immunitaetsforsch. Immunobiol. 1975; 149: 214
   Google Scholar
• Galanos C., Reitschel E. T., Luderitz O., Westphal O. Interaction of lipopolysaccharides and lipid A with complement. Eur. J. Biochem. 1971; 19: 143
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Galanos C., Rietschel E. T., Luderitz O., Westphal O., Kim Y. G., Watson D. W. Biological activities of lipid A complexed with bovine-serum albumin. Eur. J. Biochem. 1972; 31: 230
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ganner R., Chater V. B., Brown V. L. The role of complement in endotoxin shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation: experimental observations in the dog. Br. J. Haematol. 1974; 28: 393
   Google Scholar
• Gans H., Matsumoto K. The escape of endotoxin from the intestine. Surg. Gynecol. and Obstet. 1974; 139: 395
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gartner S. L. Hepatic levels of cyclic AMP in normal and lead-sensitized rats after treatment with bacterial endotoxin. Experentia 1975; 31: 566
   Google Scholar
• Gaynor E. Increased mitotic activity in rabbit endothelium after endotoxin. An autoradiographic study. Lab. Invest. 1971; 24: 318
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaynor E. The role of granulocytes in endotoxin-induced vascular injury. Blood 1973; 41: 797
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gaynor E., Bouvier C. A., Spaet T. H. Vascular lesions: possible pathogenetic basis of the generalized Shwartzman reaction. Science 1970; 170: 986
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gemski P., Jr., Takeuchi A., Washington O., Formal S. B. Shigellosis due to Shigella dysenteriae I: relative importance of mucosal invasion versus toxin production in pathogenesis. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 523
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gerrity R. G., Caplan B. A., Richardson M., Cade J. F., Hirsh J., Schwartz C. J. Endotoxin-induced endothelial injury and repair. I. Endothelial cell turnover in the aorta of the rabbit. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 1975; 23: 379
   Google Scholar
• Gerriry R. G., Richardson M., Caplan B. A., Cade J. F., Hirsh J., Schwartz C. J. Endotoxin-induced vascular endothelial injury and repair. II. Focal injury, in face morphology, (3H) thymidine uptake and circulating endothelial cells in the dog. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 1976; 24: 59
   Google Scholar
• Gery I., Krüger J., Spiessel S. Z. Stimulation of B-lymphocytes by endotoxin. J. Immunol. 1972; 108: 1088
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gewurz H., Pickering R. J., Snyderman R., Lichtenstein L. M., Good R. A., Mergenhagen S. E. Interactions of the complement system with endotoxic lipopolysaccharides in immunoglobulin-deficient sera. J. Exp. Med. 1970; 131: 817
   Google Scholar
• Gewurz H., Shin H. S., Mergenhagen S. E. Interactions of the complement system with endotoxic lipopolysaccharide: consumption. J. Exp. Med. 1968; 128: 1049
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gewurz H., Snyderman R., Mergenhagen S. E., Shin S. H. Effects of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides on the complement system. Microbial Toxins: A Comprehensive Treatise, S. Kadis, G. Weinbaum, S. J. Ajl. New York, Academic Press 1971; Vol. 5: 127
   Google Scholar
• Giannella R. A. Suckling mouse model for detection of heat-stable Escherichia coil enterotoxin: characteristics of the model. Infect. Immun. 1976; 12: 95
   Google Scholar
• Giannella R. A., Formal S. B., Dammin G. J., Collins H. Pathogenesis of salmonellosis: studies of fluid secretion, mucosal invasion, and morphologic reaction in the rabbit ileum. J. Clin. Invest. 1973; 52: 441
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giannella R. A., Rout W. R., Formal S. B., Collins H. Role of plasma filtration in the intestinal fluid secretion mediated by infection with. Salmonella typhimurium, Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 470
   Google Scholar
• Giannella R. A., Washington O., Gemski P., Formal S. B. Invasion of HeLa cells by Salmonella typhimurium: a model for study of invasiveness of. Salmonella, J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 69
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Giger O., McCallum R. E. Response of mouse liver glycogen cycle enzymes to endotoxin treatment. Am. J. Physiol. 1976; 231: 1285
   Google Scholar
• Gilbert R. P. Mechanisms of the hemodynamic effects of endotoxin. Physiol. Rev. 1960; 40: 245
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gill D. M. The arrangement of subunits in cholera toxin. Biochemistry 1975; 15: 1242
   Google Scholar
• Gill D. M. Involvement of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the action of cholera toxin in vitro. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 2064
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill D. M. Multiple roles of erythrocyte supernatant in the activation of adenylate cyclase by Vibrio cholerae toxin in vitro. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill D. M., Evans D. J., Jr., Evans D. G. Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase in vitro by polymyxin-released, heat-labile enterotoxin of. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S103
   Google Scholar
• Gill D. M., King C. A. The mechanism of action of cholera toxin in pigeon erythrocyte lysates. J. Biol. Chem. 1975; 250: 6424
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill D. M., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Baseman J. B. Studies on transferase II using diphtheria toxin. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 1969; 34: 595
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gill D. M., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Brown R., Kurnick J. J. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. VII. Toxin-stimulated hydrolysis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in mammalian cell extracts. J. Exp. Med. 1969; 129: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill D. M., Uchida T., Singer R. A. Expression of diphtheria toxin genes carried by integrated and nonintegrated phage beta. Virology 1972; 50: 664
   Google Scholar
• Gimpel L. P., Hodgins D. S., Jacobson E. D. Effect of endotoxin on liver adenyl cyclase. Clin. Res. 1971; 19: 475
   Google Scholar
• Gimpel L., Hodgins D. S., Jacobson E. D. Effects of endotoxin on hepatic adenylate cyclase activity. Circ. Shock 1974; 1: 31
   Google Scholar
• Gladstone P. G., Van Heyningen W. E. Staphylococcal leucocidins. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1957; 38: 123
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glode L. M., Mergenhagen S. E., Rosenstreich D. L. Significant contribution of spleen cells in mediating the lethal effects of endotoxin in vivo. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 626
   Google Scholar
• Glode L. M., Rosenstreich D. L. Endotoxin stimulation of C3H/HeJ endotoxin resistant mice: an analysis of mitogenic and non-mitogenic preparations, in preparation
   Google Scholar
• Glode L. M., Scher I., Osbotne B., Rosenstreich D. L. Cellular mechanism of endotoxin unresponsiveness in C3H/HeJ mice. J. Immunol. 1976; 116: 454
   Google Scholar
• Goodrum K. L., Moore R. N., Berry L. J. unpublished observations
   Google Scholar
• Goor R. S., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. III. Site of toxin action in cell-free extracts. J. Exp. Med. 1967; 126: 899
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goor R. S., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Ames E. Studies on the mode of action of diphtheria toxin. V. Inhibition of peptide bond formation by toxin and NAD in cell-free systems and its reversal by nicotinamide. J. Exp. Med. 1967; 126: 923
   Google Scholar
• Gorbach S. L. Acute diarrhea - a “toxin” disease?. N. Engl. J. Med. 1970; 283: 44
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gorbach S. L., Banwell J. G., Jacobs B., Chatterjee B. D., Mitra R., Sen N. N., Guha Mazumder D. N. Tropical sprue and malnutrition in West Bengal. I. Intestinal microflora and absorption. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1970; 23: 1545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gormus B. J., Shands J. W., Jr. Endotoxin-stimulated spleen cells: dissociation between DNA synthesis and IgM production at the cellular level. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1976; 152: 489
   Google Scholar
• Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections, B. Urbaschek, R. Urbaschek, E. Neter. New York, Springer-Verlag 1975; 524
   Google Scholar
• Gratia A., Ling R. Le phénoméne de Shwartzman dans le sarcome du cobaye. C. R. Seances Soc. Biol. Paris. 1931; 108: 427
   Google Scholar
• Green S., Dobrjansky A., Carswell E. A., Kassel R. L., Old L. J., Fiore N., Schwartz M. K. Partial purification of a serum factor that causes necrosis of tumors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1976; 73: 381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenough W. B., III, Pierce N. F., Vaughn M. Titration of cholera enterotoxin and antitoxin in isolated fat cells. J. Infect. Dis. 1970; 121: S111
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenway C. V., Murthy V. S. Mesenteric vasoconstriction after endotoxin administration in cats pretreated with aspirin. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1971; 43: 259
   Google Scholar
• Greet G. G., Milazzo F. H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide: factors influencing toxicity for isolated mitochondria and endotoxin properties. Can. J. Microbiol. 1976; 22: 800
   Google Scholar
• Greisman S. E., DuBuy B. Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance. IX. Effect of exchange transfusion. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1975; 148: 675
   Google Scholar
• Greisman S. E., Hornick R. B. Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance with special reference to man. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 5265
   Google Scholar
• Greisman S. E., Woodward C. L. Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance. VII. The role of the liver. J. Immunol. 1970; 105: 1468
   Google Scholar
• Greisman S. E., Young E. J., DuBuy B. Mechanisms of endotoxin tolerance. VIII. Specificity of serum transfer. J. Immunol. 1973; 111: 1389
   Google Scholar
• Gresser I., Tovey M. G., Maury C., Chouroulinkov I. Lethality of interferon preparations for newborn mice. Nature (London) 1975; 258
   Google Scholar
• Griffiths E. K., Yoonessi S., Neter E. Antibody response to enterobacterial lipoprotein of patients with varied infections due to. Enterobacteriaceae, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1977; 154: 246
   Google Scholar
• Groves A. C., Woolf L. I., O'Regan P. J., Beach C., Hasinoff C., Sutherland W. H. Impaired gluconeogenesis in dogs with E. coli bacteremia. Surgery 1974; 76: 533
   Google Scholar
• Guentzel M. N., Berry L. J. Protection of suckling mice from experimental cholera by maternal immunization: comparison of the efficacy of whole-cell, ribosomal-derived, and enterotoxin immunogens. Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 167
   Google Scholar
• Guentzel M. N., Berry L. J. Motility as a virulence factor for. Vibrio cholerae, Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guentzel M. N., Field L. H., Cole G. T., Berry L. J. The localization ofVibrio cholerae in the ileum of infant mice. Proc. Workshop on Medical Microbiology. Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago 1977; 275
   Google Scholar
• Guentzel M. N., Field L. H., Eubanks E. R., Berry L. J. Use of fluorescent antibody in studies of immunity to cholera in infant mice. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guerrant R. L., Brunton L. L., Schnaitman T. C., Rebhun L. I., Oilman A. G. Cyclic adenosine monophasphate and alteration of Chinese hamster ovary cell morphology: a rapid, sensitive in vitro assay for the enterotoxins of Vibrio cholerae and. Escherichia coli, Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gyles C. L. Discussion: heat-labile and heat-stable forms of the enterotoxin from E. coli strains enteropathogenic for pigs. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1971; 176: 314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gyles C. L. Relationships among heat-labile enterotoxins of Escherichia coli and. Vibrio cholerae, J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 129: 277
   Google Scholar
• Gyles C. L. Immunological study of the heat-labile enterotoxins of Escherichia coli and. Vibrio cholerae, Inject. Immun. 1974; 9: 564
   Google Scholar
• Gyles C. L., Barnum D. A. A heat-labile enterotoxin from strains of Escherichia coli enteropathogenic lor pigs. J. Infect. Dis. 1969; 120: 419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gyles C., So M., Falkow S. The enterotoxin plasmids of. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 130: 40
   Google Scholar
• Hale T. L., Woodward J. M. Effect of infection and endotoxicosis on plasma lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in white rats. Infect. Immun. 1971; 4: 468
   Google Scholar
• Hall G. A. A comparative study of liver changes produced by inoculating pregnant rats with Salmonella dublin or with its endotoxin. Br. J. Exp. Pathol 1975; 56: 216
   Google Scholar
• Hallum J. V., Youngner J. S., Stinebring W. R. Interferon activity associated with high molecular weight proteins in the circulation of mice injected with endotoxin or bacteria. Virology 1965; 22: 429
   Google Scholar
• Hamosh M., Shapiro B. The mechanism of glycogenolytic action of endotoxin. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1960; 41: 372
   Google Scholar
• Harris R. A., Harris D. L., Green D. E. Effect of Bordetella endotoxin upon mitochondrial respiration and energized processes. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1968; 128: 219
   Google Scholar
• Heckly R. J. Toxins of pseudomonas. Microbial Toxins, T. C. Montie, S. Kadis, S. J. Ajl. New York, Academic Press 1970; Vol. 3: 473
   Google Scholar
• Helson L., Green S., Carswell E., Old L. J. Effect of tumor necrosis factor on cultured human melanoma cells. Nature (London) 1975; 258: 731
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heppner G., Weiss D. W. High susceptibility of strain A mice to endotoxin and endotoxin-red blood cell mixtures. J. Bacteriol 1965; 90: 696
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill A. B., Hatswell J. M., Topley W. W. C. The inheritance of resistance, demonstrated by the development of a strain of mice resistant to experimental inoculation with a bacterial endotoxin. J. Hyg. 1940; 40: 538
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hinshaw L. B. Release of vasoactive agents and the vascular effects of endotoxin. Bacterial Toxins, S. Kadis, G. Weinbaum, S. J. Ajl. New York, Academic Press 1971; Vol. 5: 209
   Google Scholar
• Hinshaw L. B., Benjamin B. B., Coalson J. J., Elkins R. C., Taylor F. B., Jr., Price J. T., Smith C. W., Greenfield L. J. Hypoglycemia in lethal septic shock in subhuman primates. Ore. Shock 1975; 2: 197
   Google Scholar
• Hinshaw L. B., Peyton M. D., Archer L. T., Black M. R., Coalson J. J., Greenfield L. J. Prevention of death in endotoxin shock by glucose administration. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1974; 139: 851
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hinshaw L. B., Solomon L. A., Erdos E. G., Reins D. A., Gunter B. J. Effects of acetylsalicylic acid on the canine response to endotoxin. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1967; 157: 665
   Google Scholar
• Hirata M. Inhibitory effects of antihistamines and antiserotonins on the bone marrow reactions produced by Escherichia coli endotoxin in mice. J. Infect. Dis. 1975; 132: 611
   Google Scholar
• Ho M., Ke Y. H., Armstrong J. A. Mechanism of interferon induction by endotoxin. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 220S
   Google Scholar
• Hoffmann M. K., Green S., Old L. J., Oettgen H. F. Serum containing endotoxin-induced tumour necrosis factor substitutes for helper T cells. Nature (London) 1976; 263: 416
   Google Scholar
• Holmes R. K. Characterization and genetic mapping of nontoxinogenic (tox) mutants of corynebacteriophage beta. J. Virol. 1976; 19: 195
   Google Scholar
• Holmes R. K., Vasil M. L., Finkelstein R. A. Studies on toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae. III. Characterization of nontoxinogenic mutants in vitro and in experimental animals. J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 55: 551
   Google Scholar
• Holmgren J. Comparison of the tissue receptors for Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli enterotoxins by means of gangliosides and natural cholera toxoid. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 851
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holmgren J., Lonnrath I. Oligomeric structure of cholera toxin: characteristics of the H and L subunits. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1975; 86: 49
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Holmgren J., Lonnroth I., Mansson J. E., Svennerholm L. Interaction of cholera toxin and membrane GM1ganglioside of small intestine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 2520
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Honjo T., Nishizuka Y., Hayaishi O. Adenosine diphosphoribosylation of aminoacyl transferase II by diphtheria toxin. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 1969; 34: 603
   Google Scholar
• Honjo T., Nishizuka Y., Kato I., Hayaishi O. Adenosine diphosphate riboxylation of aminoacyl transferase II and inhibition of protein synthesis by diphtheria toxin. J. Biol. Chem. 1971; 246: 4251
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard J. B. Observations on the intoxication produced in mice and rabbits by the neurotoxin of. Shigella shigae, Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1955; 36: 439
   Google Scholar
• Howes E. L., Jr., McKay D. G. Comparison of the ocular effects of circulating endotoxin and immune complexes: role of vasoactive amines. J. Immunol. 1975; 114: 734
   Google Scholar
• Iglewski B. H., Kabat D. NAD-dependent inhibition of protein synthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 2284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iglewski B. H., Liu P. V., Kabat D. Mechanism of action of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A: adenosine diphosphateribosylation and mammalian elongation factor 2 in vitro and in vivo. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winger D., Coupin G., Richards M., Poindron P. Rat interferon inhibits steroid-inducible glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase synthesis in a rat glial cell line. FEBS Lett. 1976; 64: 391
   Google Scholar
• Ivins B., Saelinger C. B., Bonventre P. F., Woscinski C. Chemical modulation of diptheria toxin action on cultured mammalian cells. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 665
   Google Scholar
• Jacks T., Wu B. J. Biochemical properties of Escherichia coli low-molecular weight, heat-stable enterotoxin. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 342
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacks T. M., Wu B. J., Braemer A. C., Bidiack D. E. Properties of the enterotoxic component in Escherichia coli enteropathogenic for swine. Infect. Immun. 1973; 7: 178
   Google Scholar
• Jacobs D. M., Morrison D. C. Dissociation between mitogenicity and immunogenicity of TNP-lipopoly-saccharide, a T-independent antigen. J. Exp. Med. 1975; 14: 1453
   Google Scholar
• Johnson A. G., Gaines S., Landy M. Studies on the O antigen of Salmonella typhosa. V. Enhancement of antibody response to protein antigens by the purified lipopolysaccharide. J. Exp. Med. 1956; 103: 225
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson W., Kuchler R. J., Solotorovsky M. Site in cell-free protein synthesis sensitive to diphtheria toxin. J. Bacterial. 1968; 96: 1089
   Google Scholar
• Jones G. W., Abrams G. D., Freter R. Adhesive properties of Vibrio cholerae: adhesion to isolated rabbit brush border membranes and hemagglutinating activity. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones G. W., Freter R. Adhesive properties of Vibrio cholerae: nature of the interaction with isolated rabbit brush border membranes and human erythrocytes. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 240
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones R. B., Staton A. J., Kiesow L. A. Disaggregation of endotoxin by isolated rat liver plasma membranes and lack of product binding. Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 823
   Google Scholar
• Jones R. J., Roe E. A., Dyster R. E. Detection of endotoxin with the Limulus test in burned and unburned mice infected with different species of gram-negative bacteria. J. Hyg. 1975; 75: 99
   Google Scholar
• Jorgensen J. H., Carvajal H. F., Chipps B. E. Rapid detection of gram-negative bacteruria by use of the Limulus endotoxin assay. Appl. Microbiol. 1973; 26: 38
   Google Scholar
• Kabir S., Rosenstreich D. L. Binding of bacterial endotoxin to murine spleen lymphocytes. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 156
   Google Scholar
• Kagnoff M. F., Billings P., Cohn M. Functional characteristics of Peyer's patch lymphoid cells. II. Lipopolysaccharide is thymus dependent. J. Exp. Med. 1974; 139: 407
   Google Scholar
• Kampschmidt R. F., Long R. D., Upchurch H. E. Neutrophil releasing activity in rats injected with endogenous pyrogen. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 139: 1224
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kampschmidt R. F., Pulliam L. A. Stimulation of antimicrobial activity in the rat with leukocytic endogenous mediator. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 1975; 17: 162
   Google Scholar
• Kampschmidt R. F., Pulliam L. A., Upchurch H. F. Sources of leukocytic endogenous mediator in the rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1973; 144: 882
   Google Scholar
• Kampschmidt R. F., Upchurch H. F. A comparison of the effects of rabbit endogenous pyrogen on the body temperature of the rabbit and lowering of plasma iron in the rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1970; 133: 128
   Google Scholar
• Kampschmidt R. F., Upchurch H. F., Eddington C. L., Pulliam L. A. Multiple biological activities of a partially purified leukocytic endogenous mediator. Am. J. Physiol. 1973; 224: 530
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanfer J. N. Lipolytic action of cholera toxin on fat cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1976; 251: 7610
   Google Scholar
• Kantor H. S., Tao P., Gorbach S. L. Stimulation of intestinal adenyl cyclase by Escherichia coli enterotoxin: comparison of strains from an infant and an adult with diarrhea. J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 129: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kantor H. S., Tao P., Wisdom C. Action of Escherichia coli enterotoxin: adenylate cyclase behavior of intestinal epithelial cells in culture. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 1003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kato I., Nakamura H., Uchida I., Koyama J., Katsura T. Purification of diphtheria toxin. II. The isolation of crystalline toxin-protein and some of its properties. Jpn. J. Exp. Med. 1960; 30: 129
   Google Scholar
• Kessler E., Hughes R. C., Bennett E. N., Nadela S. M. Evidence for the presence of prostaglandin-like material in the plasma of dogs with endotoxin shock. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1973; 81: 85
   Google Scholar
• Keusch G. T. Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. III. Effects of Shigella enterotoxin in cell culture. Trans. N. Y. Acad.Sci. 1973; 35: 51
   Google Scholar
• Keusch G. T., Grady G. F., Mata L. J., McIver J. The pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. I. Enterotoxin production by Shigella dysenteriae 1. J. Clin. Invest. 1972; 51: 1212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keusch G. T., Jacewicz M., Levine M. M., Hornick R. B., Kochwa S. Pathogenesis of Shigella diarrhea. J. Clin. Invest. 1976; 57: 194
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim K., Groman N. B. In vitro inhibition of diphtheria toxin action by ammonium salts and amines. J. Bacteriol. 1965; 90: 1552
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim G., Groman N. B. Mode of inhibition of diphtheria toxin by ammonium chloride. J. Bacteriol. 1965; 90: 1557
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kimball H. R., Melman K. L., Wolff S. M. Endotoxin-induced kinin production in man. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 139: 1078
   Google Scholar
• Kimberg D. V., Field M., Gershon E., Schooley R. T., Henderson A. Effects of cycloheximide on the response of intestinal mucosa to cholera enterotoxin. J. Clin. Invest. 1973; 52: 1376
   Google Scholar
• Kimberg D. V., Field M., Johnson J., Henderson A., Gershon E. Stimulation of intestinal mucosal adenyl cyclase by cholera enterotoxin and prostaglandins. J. Clin. Invest. 1971; 50: 1218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King C. A., van Heyningen W. E. Deactivation of cholera toxin by a sialidase-resistant monosialosylganglioside. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 127: 639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King C. A., van Heyningen W. E., Gascoyne N. Aspects of the interaction of Vibrio cholerae toxin with the pigeon red cell membrane. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S75
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klipstein F. A., Engert R. F. Enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue. III. Preliminary characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae enterotoxin. J. Infect. Dis. 1975; 132: 200
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klipstein F. A., Engert R. F. Purification and properties of Klebsiella pneumoniae heat-stable enterotoxin. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 373
   Google Scholar
• Klipstein F. A., Hoideman L. V., Corcino J. J., Moore W. E. C. Enterotoxigenic intestinal bacteria in tropical sprue, Ann. Intern. Med. 1973; 79: 632
   Google Scholar
• Klipstein F. A., Horowitz I. R., Engert R. F., Schenk E. A. Effect of Klebsiella pneumoniae enterotoxin on intestinal transport in the rat. J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 56: 799
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Klipstein F. A., Lee C. S., Engert R. F. Assay of Escherichia coli enterotoxins by in vivo perfusion in the rat jejunum. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 1004
   Google Scholar
• Knudsen R. C., Callahan L. T., III, Ahmed A., Sell K. W. Use of microculture plates and the multiple automated sample harvester for in vitro microassay of bacterial toxins. Appl. Microbiol. 1974; 28: 326
   Google Scholar
• Kosower N. S., Vanderhof G. A., Kosower E. M. Gluthathione. VIII. The effects of glutathione disulfide on initiation of protein synthesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1972; 272: 623
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Koupal L. R., Deibel R. H. Assay characterization, and localization of an enterotoxin produced by salmonella. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 14
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kurosky A., Markel D. E., Peterson J. W., Fitch W. M. Primary structure of cholera toxin β-chain; a glycoprotein hormone analog?. Science 1977; 195: 299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurosky A., Markel D. E., Touchstone B., Peterson J. W. Chemical characterization of the structure of cholera toxin and its natural toxoid. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwar C. N., Wishnow R. M. Escherichia coli enterotoxin-induced steroidogenesis in cultured adrenal tumor cells. Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 146
   Google Scholar
• Laederach A., Urbaschek B., Bohn S., Buchler A., Pappova E., Lundsgaard-Hansen P. Inhibition of liver lactate dehydrogenase by serotonin: possible relationship to endotoxin effects. Experentia 1972; 28: 630
   Google Scholar
• Lai C. Y., Mendez E., Chang D. Chemistry of cholera toxin: the subunit structure. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: 523
   Google Scholar
• Lai C. Y., Mendez E., Chang D., Wang M. Primary structure of cholera toxin B-subunit. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 1977; 74: 215
   Google Scholar
• Lankford C. E. Factors of virulence of. Vibrio cholerae, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1960; 88: 1203
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lankford C. E., Legsomburana U. Virulence factors of choleragenic vibrios. Proc. of the Cholera Research Symp. U.S. Public Health Service Publ. No. 1328, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1965; 109
   Google Scholar
• LaNoue K. F., Mason A. D., Daniels J. P. The impairment of gluconeogenesis by Gram negative infection. Metab. Clin. Exp. 1968; 17: 606
   Google Scholar
• Lariviere S., Gyles C. L., Barnum D. A. Preliminary characterization of heat labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli F11 (P 155). J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 312
   Google Scholar
• Lariviere S., Lallier R. Relationships of intestinal enzymes and serum antitoxin to the pig response to Escherichia coli enterotoxin. Can. J. Comp. Med. 1975; 39: 371
   Google Scholar
• Leppla S. H. Large-scale purification and characterization of the exotoxin of. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 1077
   Google Scholar
• Levin J., Bang F. R. Clottable protein in Limulus: its localization and kinetics of its coagulation by endotoxin. Thromb. Diath. Haemorrh. 1968; 19: 186
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Levin J., Poore T. E., Young N. S., Margolis S., Zauber N. P., Towner A. S., Bell W. R. Gram-negative sepsis: detection of endotoxemia with the limulus test with studies of associated changes in blood coagulation, serum lipidsand complement. Ann. Intern. Med. 1972; 76: 1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin J., Poore T. E., Zauber N. P., Oser R. S. Detection of endotoxin in the blood of patients with sepsis due to gram-negative bacteria. N. Engl. J. Med. 1970; 283: 1313
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin J., Tomasulo P. A., Oser R. S. Detection of endotoxin in human blood and demonstration of an inhibition. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1970; 75: 903
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little R. A., Stoner H. B. Studies on the mechanism of shock. Failure to find a role for intestinal bacterial endotoxin in bum shock. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1972; 53: 381
   Google Scholar
• Liu P. V. The roles of various fractions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in its pathogenesis. III. Identity of the lethal toxin produced in vitro and in vivo. J. Infect. Dis. 1966; 116: 481
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu P. V. Exotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. I. Factors that influence the production of exotoxin A. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 506
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Liu P. V. Extracellular toxin of. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 130: S94
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu P. V., Hsieh H. Exotoxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. III. Characteristics of antitoxin A. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 520
   Google Scholar
• Liu P. V., Yoshii S., Hsieh H. Exotoxins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. II. Concentration, purification, and characterization of exotoxin A. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 514
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long C. L., Kinney J. M., Geiger J. W. Nonsuppressibility of gluconeogenesis by glucose in septic patients. Metab. Clin. Exp. 1976; 25: 193
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lönnroth I., Holmgren J. Subunit structure of cholera toxin. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1973; 76: 417
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• LoSpalluto J. J., Finkelstein R. A. Chemical and physical properties of cholera exo-enterotoxin (choleragen) and its spontaneously formed toxoid (choleragenoid). Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1972; 257: 158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lüderitz O., Galanos C., Lehman V., Nurminen M., Rietschel E. T., Rosenfelder G., Simon M., Westphal O. Lipid A: chemical structure and biological activity. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 17S
   Google Scholar
• Lüderitz O., Staub A. M., Westphal O. Immunochemistry of O and R antigens of Salmonella and related enterobacteriaceae. Bacteriol. Rev. 1966; 30: 192
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lüderitz O., Westphal O., Staub A. M., Nikaido H. Isolation and chemical and immunological characterization of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Microbial Toxins, G. Weinbaum, S. Kadis, S. J. Ajl. Academic Press, New York 1971; Vol. 4: 145
   Google Scholar
• Ludovici P. P., Roinestad F. A., Wong F. S. Column chromatography and cell culture assay of Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin Z preparations. Appl. Microbiol. 1975; 30: 293
   Google Scholar
• Lundsgaard-Hansen P., Pappova E., Urbaschek B., Heitmann L., Laederach A., Molnes N., Oroz M., Witth U. Circulatory deterioration as the determinant of energy metabolism in endotoxin shock. J. Surg. Res. 1972; 13: 282
   Google Scholar
• Lynn M., Sensakovic J. W., Bartell P. F. In vivo distribution of Pseudomonas aeruginosa slime glycolipoprotein: association with leukocytes. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 109
   Google Scholar
• Maehata N., Ho M. Cellular origin of interferon induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 78
   Google Scholar
• Mager J., Theodor E. Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by fraction of the. Shigella paradysenteriae. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1957; 67: 169
   Google Scholar
• Marcus R. L., Shin H. S., Mayer M. M. An alternate complement pathway: C3 cleaving activity, not due to C4, 2a on endotoxic lipopolysaccharide after treatment with guinea pig serum; relation to properdin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1971; 68: 1351
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markley K., Korakona Z., Smallman E. T., Beaven M. A. The role of histamine in burn, tourniquet and endotoxin shock in mice. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1975; 33: 255
   Google Scholar
• Markley K., Smallman E., Thornton S. W. Protection against burn, tourniquet and endotoxin shock by histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine derivatives. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1971; 42: 13
   Google Scholar
• Martin D. S., Cassisi N. H., Pickens J. L. Endotoxin shock: a collective review. Rev. Surg. 1965; 22: 311
   Google Scholar
• Matisová E., Bútorová E., Lacković V., Borecky L. Some properties of interferon released by mouse peritoneal leukocytes stimulated with endotoxin, mannan and Newcastle disease virus in vitro. Acta Virol, (Eng. Ed.) 1970; 141: 7
   Google Scholar
• Matsuda M., Barksdale L. Phage-directed synthesis of diphtherial toxin in nontoxinogenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Nature (London) 1966; 210: 911
   Google Scholar
• Matsuda M., Barksdale L. System for the investigation of the bacteriophage-directed synthesis of diptherial toxin. J. Bacteriol. 1969; 93: 722
   Google Scholar
• McCabe W. R. Immunization with R mutants of S. minnesota. I. Protection against challenge with heterologous gram-negative bacilli. J. Immunol. 1972; 108: 601
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McCabe W. R., Greely A., DiGenio T., Johns M. A. Humoral immunity to type specific and cross-reactive antigens of gram-negative bacilli. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 5284
   Google Scholar
• McCallum R. E., Berry L. J. Effects of endotoxin on gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis and liver glycogen synthase in mice. Infect. Immun. 1973; 7: 642
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLntire F. C., Margie M. P., Schenck J. R., Finley R. A., Sievert H. W., Rietschel E. T., Rosenstreich D. L. Biologic properties of nontoxic derivatives of a lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli K235. J. Immunol. 1976; 117: 674
   Google Scholar
• McIver J., Grady G. F., Keusch G. T. Production and characterization of exotoxin(s) of Shigella dysenteriae type 1. J. Infect. Dis. 1975; 131: 559
   Google Scholar
• Mela L., Bacalzo L. V., Miller L. D. Defective oxidative metabolism of rat liver mitochondria in hemorrhagic and endotoxin shock. Am. J. Physiol. 1971; 220: 571
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mela L., Miller L. D., Diaco J. F., Sugarman H. J. Effect of E. coli endotoxin on mitochondrial-linked functions. Surgery 1970; 68: 541
   Google Scholar
• Mela L., Miller L. D., Nicholas G. G. Influence of cellular acidosis and altered cation concentrations on shock-induced mitochondrial damage. Surgery 1972; 72: 102
   Google Scholar
• Mergenhagen S. E., Snyderman R., Gewurz H., Shin H. S. Significance of complement to the mechanism of action of endotoxin. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1969; 50: 37
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mergenhagen S. E., Snyderman R., Philips J. K. Activation of complement by endotoxin. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 586
   Google Scholar
• Merriman C. R., Pulliam L. A., Kampschmidt R. F. Comparison of leukocytic pyrogen and leukocytic endogenous mediator. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1977; 154: 224
   Google Scholar
• Metcalf D., Foster R. Bone marrow colony-stimulating activity of serum from mice with viral induced leukemia. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1967; 39: 1235
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metz D. H. The mechanism of action of interferon. Cell 1975; 6: 429
   Google Scholar
• Microbiology 1977, D. Schlessinger. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1977, in press
   Google Scholar
• Miller R. L., Reichgatt M. J., Melman K. L. Biochemical mechanisms of generation of bradykinin by endotoxin. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 144S
   Google Scholar
• Moehring J. M., Moehring T. J. Comparison of diptheria intoxication in human and nonhuman cell lines and their resistant variants. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 221
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moehring T. J., Moehring J. M. Response of cultured mammalian cells to diphtheria toxin. IV. Isolation of KB cells resistant to diphtheria toxin. Infect. Immun. 1972; 6: 487
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moehring T. J., Moehring J. M. Interaction of diphtheria toxin and its active subunit, fragment A, with toxin-sensitive and toxin-resistant cells. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 1426
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moon H. W., Nagy B., Isaacson R. E., Ørskov I. Occurrence of K99 antigen onEscherichia coli isolated from pigs and colonization of pig ileum by K99+enterotoxigenic E. coli from calves and pigs. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 614
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon H. W., Whipp S. C., Baetz A. L. Comparative effects of enterotoxins from Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae on rabbit and swine small intestine. Lab. Invest. 1971; 25: 133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon H. W., Whipp S. C., Engstram G. W., Baetz A. L. Response of the rabbit ileal loop to cell-free products from Escherichia coli enteropathogenic for swine. J. Infect. Dis. 1970; 121: 182
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moon R. J. Tryptophan oxygenase and tryptophan metabolism in endotoxin-poisoned and allopurinol-treated mice. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1971; 230: 342
   Google Scholar
• Moon R. J. Carbohydrate metabolism and survival of endotoxin-poisoned mice given tryptophan. Infect. Immun. 1972; 5: 288
   Google Scholar
• Moon R. J., Berry L. J. Role of tryptophan pyrrolase in endotoxin poisoning. J. Bacteriol. 1968; 95: 1247
   Google Scholar
• Moon R. J., Tremblay E. S., Morris K. M. Distribution and metabolism of14C-tryptophan in normal and endotoxin-poisoned mice. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 604
   Google Scholar
• Moore R. N., Berry L. J. Inhibited hormonal induction of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in poly I:poly C treated mice, an endotoxin-like glucocorticoid antagonism. Experientia 1976; 32: 1566
   Google Scholar
• Moore R. N., Berry L. J. Endotoxin-like glucocorticoid antagonism elicited by selected interferon inducers, in preparation
   Google Scholar
• Moore R. N., Goodrum K. J., Berry L. J. Mediation of endotoxin effects by macrophages. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 1976; 19: 187
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moore R. N., Goodrum K. J., Berry L. J., McGhee J. R. Correction of an abnormal response of nude mice to endotoxin with a cell-derived mediator. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 1977; 21: 271
   Google Scholar
• Moore R. N., Johnson B. A., Berry L. J. Nutritional effects of salmonellosis in mice. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., in press
   Google Scholar
• Morris K. M., Moon R. J. Quantitative analysis of serotonin biosynthesis in endotoxemia. Infect. Immun. 1974; 10: 340
   Google Scholar
• Morrison D. C., Jacobs D. M. Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-initiated activation of serum complement by polymyxin B. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 298
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss J., Fishman P. H., Manganiello V. C., Vaughn M., Brady R. O. Functional incorporation of ganglioside into intact cells: induction of choleragen responsiveness. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1976; 73: 1034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss J., Fishman P. H., Richards R. L., Alving C. R., Vaughn M., Brady R. O. Choleragen-mediated release of trapped glucose from liposomes containing ganglioside GM1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1976; 73: 3480
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mundell D. H., Anselmo C. R., Wishnow R. M. Factors influencing heat-labile Escherichia coli enterotoxin activity. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 383
   Google Scholar
• Murphy J. R. Structure activity relationships of diphtheria toxin. Mechanisms in Bacterial Toxinology, A. W. Bernheimer. John Wiley & Sons. 1976; 31
   Google Scholar
• Murphy J. R., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., De Borms S. T. Synthesis of diphtheria tox-gene products in Escherichia coli extracts. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1974; 71: 11
   Google Scholar
• Murphy J. R., Skiver J., McBride G. Isolation and characterization of a corynebacteriophage β tox operator constitutive-like mutant lysogen of. Corynebacterium diphtheriae, J. Virol. 1976; 18: 235
   Google Scholar
• Myers L. L., Newman F. S., Warren G. R., Catlin J. E., Anderson C. K. Calf ligated intestinal segment test to detect enterotoxigenic. Escherichia coli, Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 588
   Google Scholar
• Nachum R., Lipsey A., Siegel S. E. Rapid detection of gram-negative bacterial meningitis by the Limulus lysate test. N. Engl. J. Med. 1973; 289: 931
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nalin D. R., Bhattacharjee A. K., Richardson S. H. Cholera-like toxic effect of culture filtrates of. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 130: 595
   Google Scholar
• Nelson E. T., Clements J. D., Finkelstein R. A. Vibrio cholerae adherence and colonization in experimental cholera: electron microscopic studies. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 527
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neter E. Endotoxin and the immune response. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 1969; 47: 82
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Neter E., Gorzynski E. A., Westphal O., Lüderitz O. The effects of antibiotics on enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins), hemagglutination and hemolysis. J. Immunol. 1958; 30: 66
   Google Scholar
• Nicholas G. G., Mela L. M. Protection against the effects of endotoxemia by glucocorticoids. J. Surg. Res. 1975; 19: 321
   Google Scholar
• Nicholas G. G., Mela L. M., Miller L. D. Shock-induced alterations of mitochondrial membrane transport: effects of endotoxin and lysosomal enzymes in calcium transport. Ann. Surg. 1972; 176: 579
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholas G. G., Mela L. M., Miller L. D. Early alterations in mitochondrial membrane transport during endotoxemia. J. Surg. Res. 1974; 16: 375
   Google Scholar
• Nies A. S., Forsyth R. P., Williams H. E., Melman K. L. Contributions of kinins to endotoxin shock in unanesthetized rhesus monkeys. Circ. Res. 1968; 22: 155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nies A. S., Melman K. L. Variation in endotoxin-induced kinin production and effect between the rabbit and rhesis monkey. Am. J. Physiol. 1973; 225: 230
   Google Scholar
• Nishijima H., Weil M. H., Shubin H., Cananilles J. Hemodynamic and metabolic studies on shock associated with gram-negative bacteremia. Medicine (Baltimore) 1973; 52: 287
   Google Scholar
• Norris H. T., Majno G. On the role of the ileal epithelium in the pathogenesis of experimental cholera. Am. J. Pathol. 1968; 53: 263
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Northover S. J., Subramanian G. Analgesic-antipyretic drugs as antagonists of endotoxin shock in dogs. J. Pathol. Bacterol. 1962; 83: 463
   Google Scholar
• Nowotny A. Molecular aspects of endotoxic reactions. Bacteriol. Reev. 1969; 33: 72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Nowotny A., Behling V. H., Chang H. L. Relation of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins. VIII. Biological activities in a polysaccharide-rich fraction. J. Immunol. 1975; 115: 203
   Google Scholar
• O'Donnell T. F., Jr., Clowes G. H. A., Jr., Blackburg G. L., Ryan N. T. Relationship of hind limb energy fuel metabolism to the circulatory responses in severe sepsis. J. Surg. Res. 1974; 16: 112
   Google Scholar
• Ohtomo N., Muraoka T., Tashiro A., Zinnaka Y., Amako K. Size and structure of the cholera toxin molecule and its subunits. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ørskov F., Ørskov I., Evans D. J., Jr., Sack R. B., Sack D. A., Wadstrom T. Special Escherichia coli serotypes among enterotoxigenic strains from diarrhoea in adults and children. Med. Microbiol. Immunol. 1976; 162: 73
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palmer J. D., Rifkind D. Neutralization of the hemodynamic effects of endotoxin by polymyxin B. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1974; 138: 755
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pappenheimer A. M., Jr. Diphtheria toxin. Annu. Rev. Biochem., in press
   Google Scholar
• Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Gill D. M. Diphtheria. Science 1973; 182: 353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Johnson S. J. Studies in diphtheria toxin production. I. The effect of iron and copper. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1936; 17: 335
   Google Scholar
• Pappova E., Urbaschek B., Heitmann L., Oroz M., Streit E., Lemeunier A., Lundsgaard-Hansen P. Energy-rich phosphates and glucose metabolism in early endotoxin shock. J. Surg. Res. 1971; 11: 506
   Google Scholar
• Parant M., Galelli A., Parant F., Chedid L. Role of B-lymphocytes in nonspecific resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae infection of endotoxin-treated mice. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 134: 531
   Google Scholar
• Parker C., Romig W. R. Self-transfer and genetic recombination mediated by P, a sex factor of. Vibrio cholerae, J. Bacteriol. 1972; 112: 707
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Parker C., Tate A., Richardson K., Gauthier D., Romig W. R. Chromosomal mapping ofVibrio cholerae. Proc. 9th Joint Cholera Conf., U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program. Grand Canyon, Ariz. 1973; 217
   Google Scholar
• Parratt J. R., Sturgess R. M. The effect of indomethacin on the cardiovascular and metabolic responses to E. coli endotoxin in the cat. Br. J. Pharmacol. 1974; 50: 177
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pavlovskis O. R. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin: effect on cellular and mitochondrial respiration. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 48
   Google Scholar
• Pavlovskis O. R., Callahan L. T., Pollack M., III. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin. Microbiology 1975, D. Schlessinger. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1975; 252
   Google Scholar
• Pavlovskis O. R., Gordon F. B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin: effect on cell culture. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 631
   Google Scholar
• Pavlovskis O. R., Shackelford A. H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin in mice: localization and effect on protein synthesis. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 540
   Google Scholar
• Pavlovskis O. R., Voelker F. A., Shackelford A. H. Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin in mice: histopathology and serum enzyme changes. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: 253
   Google Scholar
• Peavy D. L., Adler W. H., Smith R. T. The mitogenic effects of endotoxin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B on mouse spleen cells and human peripheral lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 1970; 105: 1453
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Peavy D. L., Shands J. W., Jr., Adler W. A., Smith R. T. Mitogenicity of bacterial endotoxins: characterization of the mitogenic principle. J. Immunol. 1973; 111: 352
   Google Scholar
• Pekarek R. S., Beisel W. R. Characterization of the endogenous mediator(s) of serum zinc and iron during infection and other stresses. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1971; 138: 728
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pekarek R. S., Powanda M. C., Wannemacher R. W., Jr. The effect of leukocytic endogenous mediator (LEM) on serum copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations in the rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 141: 1029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peterson J. W., LoSpalluto J. J., Finkelstein R. A. Localization of cholera toxin in vivo. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 617
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peyton M. D., Hinshaw L. B., Greenfield L. J. Hypoglycemic effects of endotoxin in eviscerated dogs. Physiologist 1974; 17: 306
   Google Scholar
• Philipp-Dormston W. K., Siegert R. Prostaglandins of the E and F Series in rabbit cerebrospinal fluid during fever induced by Newcastle disease virus, E. coli endotoxin, or endogenous pyrogen. Med. Microbiol. Immunol 1974; 159: 279
   Google Scholar
• Phillips L. J., Berry L. J. Circadian rhythm of mouse liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Am. J. Physiol. 1970; 218: 1440
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierce N. F., Greenough W. B., III., Carpenter C. C. J., Jr. Vibrio cholerae enterotoxin and its mode of action. Bacterial Rev. 1971; 35: 1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pieroni R. E., Levine L. Enhancing effect of insulin on endotoxin lethality. Experentia 1969; 25: 507
   Google Scholar
• Pillemer L., Schoenberg M., Blum L., Wurz L. Properdin system and immunity. Science 1955; 122: 545
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plaut M. E., Goldman J. K. Inhibition of substrate oxidation by endotoxin in vitro. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1970; 133: 433
   Google Scholar
• Pluznik D. H., Sachs L. The cloning of normal “mast” cells in tissue culture. J. Cell. Physiol. 1965; 66: 319
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohorecky L. A., Wurtman R. J., Taam D., Fine J. Effects of endotoxin on monoamine metabolism in the rat. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 140: 739
   Google Scholar
• Pollack M., Callahan L. T., III, Taylor N. S. Neutralizing antibody to Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin in human sera: evidence for in vivo toxin production during infections. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 942
   Google Scholar
• Printen K. J., Keefe W. E., Foster E., Brown W. Fluxes in serum glucose and free fatty acid in early endotoxemia and hemorrhage. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1974; 138: 686
   Google Scholar
• Quesenberry P., Halperin J., Ryan M., Stohlman F., Jr. Tolerance to the granylocyte-releasing and colony-stimulating factor elevating effects of endotoxin. Blood 1975; 45: 789
   Google Scholar
• Quesenberry P. J., Morley A., Miller M., Rickard K., Howard D., Stohlman F., Jr. Effect of endotoxin on granulopoiesis and the in vitro colony forming cell. Blood 1973; 41: 391
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Quesenberry P. J., Morley A., Stohlman F., Jr., Rickard K., Howard D., Smith M. Effect of endotoxin on granulopoiesis and colony-stimulating factor, TV. Engl. J. Med. 1972; 286: 227
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratio G. T., Wangensteen S. L., Glenn T. M., Lefer A. M. Mechanism of the protective effects of prostaglandins E1 and F2αin canine endotoxin shock. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1973; 24: 86
   Google Scholar
• Raymond M., Bizzini B., Relyveld E. H. Composition en amino-acides de la toxine diphterique. Bull. Soc. Chim. Biol. 1965; 47: 261
   Google Scholar
• Reed N. D., Manning J. K., Rudbach J. A. Immunologic responses of mice to lipopolysaccharide from. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: 70S
   Google Scholar
• Reichgott M. J., Engeiman K. Indomethacin: lack of effect on lethality of endotoxin in rats. Circ. Shock 1975; 2: 215
   Google Scholar
• Reinhold R. B., Fine J. A technique for quantitative measurement of endotoxin in human plasma. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1971; 137: 334
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rhodes R. S., De Pal ma R. G., Robinson A. V. Relationship of critical uptake volume to energy production and endotoxemia in late hemorrhagic shock. Am. J. Surg. 1975; 130: 560
   Google Scholar
• Rietschel E., Galanos C. Lipid A antiserum-mediated protection against lipopolysaccharide and lipid A-induced fever and skin necrosis. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 34
   Google Scholar
• Rietschel E. T., Galanos C., Tanaka A., Ruschmann E., Luderitz O., Westphal O. Biological activites of chemically modified endotoxins. Eur. J. Biochem. 1971; 22: 218
   Google Scholar
• Rietschel E. T., Luderitz O. Chemical structure of lipopolysaccharides and endotoxin immunity. Z. Immunitatsforsch. Immunobiol. 1975; 149: 201
   Google Scholar
• Rifkind D. Prevention by polymyxin B of endotoxin lethality in mice. J. Bacteriol. 1967; 93: 1463
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rifkind D., Hill R. B. Neutralization of the Shwartzman reaction by polymyxin B. J. Immunol. 1967; 99: 564
   Google Scholar
• Rifkind D., Palmer J. D. Neutralization of endotoxin toxicity in chicken embryos by antibiotics. J. Bacteriol. 1966; 92: 815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rippe D. F., Berry L. J. Study of inhibition of induction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase by endotoxin with radial immunodiffusion. Infect. Immun. 1972; 6: 766
   Google Scholar
• Rippe D. F., Berry L. J. Immunological quantitation of hepatic tryptophan oxygenase in endotoxin-poisoned. micejnfect. Immun. 1973; 8: 534
   Google Scholar
• Rippe D. F., Soltas J. G., Berry L. J. In vivo detoxification of endotoxin by mouse liver. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 1974; 16: 175
   Google Scholar
• Rojas-Corona R. R., Skarnes R., Tamakuma S., Fine J. The Limulus coagulation test for endotoxin. A comparison with other assay methods. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol Med. 1969; 132: 598
   Google Scholar
• Rosenstreich D., Glode L. M. Difference in B cell mitogen responsiveness between closely related strains of mice. J. Immunol 1975; 115: 777
   Google Scholar
• Rosenstreich D. L., Nowotny A., Chused T., Mergenhagen S. E. In vitro transformation of mouse bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes induced by the lipid component of endotoxin. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 406
   Google Scholar
• Roux E., Yersin A. Contribution a l'etude de la diphterie. Ann. Inst. Pasteur (Paris) 1888; 2: 629
   Google Scholar
• Rudbach J. A. Molecular immunogenicity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide antigens: establishing a quantitative system. J. Immunol. 1971; 106: 993
   Google Scholar
• Ruscetti F. W., Chervenick P. A. Release of colony-stimulating factor from monocytes by endotoxin and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1974; 83: 64
   Google Scholar
• Sack D. A., McLaughlin J. C., Sack R. B., Orskov F., 0rskov I. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients at a hospital in Dacca. J. Infect. Dis. 1977; 135: 275
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sack D. A., Sack R. B. Test for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli using Y-1 adrenal cells in miniculture. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 334
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sack R. B. Immunization with Escherichia coli enterotoxin protects against homologous enterotoxin challenge. Infect. Immun. 1973; 8: 641
   Google Scholar
• Sack R. B. Human diarrheal disease caused by enterotoxigenic. Escherichia coli, Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 1975; 29: 333
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sack R. B., Jacobs B., Mitra R. Antitoxin responses to infections with enterotoxigenic. Escherichia coli, J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 129: 330
   Google Scholar
• Sack R. B., Johnson J., Pierce N. F., Keren D. F., Yardley J. H. Challenge of dogs with live enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and effects of repeated challenges on fluid secretion in jejunal Thiry-Vella loops. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 134: 15
   Google Scholar
• Saelinger B., Bonventre P. F., Ivins B., Straus D. Uptake of diphtheria toxin and its fragment A moiety by mammalian cells in culture. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 742
   Google Scholar
• Sahyoun N., Cautrecasas P. Mechanism of activation of adenylate cyclase by cholera toxin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1975; 72: 3438
   Google Scholar
• Sakazaki R., Tamura K., Nakamura A. Further studies on enteropathogenic Escherichia coli associated with diarrhoeal diseases in children and adults. Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 1974; 27: 7
   Google Scholar
• Sakazaki R., Tamura K., Saito M. Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli associated with diarrhea in children and adults. Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. 1967; 20: 387
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Samuel C. W., Joklik W. K. A protein synthesizing system from interferon-treated cells that discriminates between cellular and viral messenger RNAs. Virology 1974; 58: 476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandefur P. D., Peterson J. W. Isolation of skin permeability factors from culture filtrates of. Salmonella typhimurium, Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 671
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sandefur P. D., Peterson J. W. unpublished observations. 1977
   Google Scholar
• Sardesai V. M., Walt A. J. Myocardial enzyme patterns and energy metabolism in endotoxin shock. Biochem. Med. 1971; 5: 440
   Google Scholar
• Schaffer A. J., Oppenheimer E. H. Pseudomonas (Pyocyaneus) infection of the gastrointestinal tract in infants and children. South. Med. J. 1948; 41: 460
   Google Scholar
• Scharmann W. Cytotoxic effects of leukocidin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on polymorphonuclear leukocytes from cattle. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 836
   Google Scholar
• Scharmann W. Interaction of purified leukocidin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa with bovine polymophonuclear leukocytes. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 1046
   Google Scholar
• Scharmann W. Formation and isolation of leucocidin from. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Gen. Microhiol. 1976; 93: 283
   Google Scholar
• Scharmann W. Purification and characterization of leucocidin from. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Gen. Microbiol. 1976; 93: 292
   Google Scholar
• Scharmann W., Jacob F., Porstendörfer J. The cytotoxic action of leucocidin from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1976; 93: 303
   Google Scholar
• Schauer A. Initial liberation of biogenic amines and effect of further mediators following application of endotoxin. Gram Negative Bacterial Infections, B. Urbaschek, R. Urbaschek, E. Neter. New York, Springer-Verlag 1975; 315
   Google Scholar
• Schrank G. D., Verwey W. F. Distribution of cholera organisms in experimental Vibrio cholerae infections: proposed mechanisms of pathogenesis and antibacterial immunity. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 195
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schumer W., Das Gupta T. K., Moss G. S., Nyhus L. M. Effect of endotoxemia on liver cell mitochondria in man. Ann. Surg. 1970; 171: 875
   Google Scholar
• Schumer W., Erve P., Kapica S. K., Moss G. S. Endotoxin effect on respiration of rat liver mitochondria. J. Surg. Res. 1970; 10: 609
   Google Scholar
• Schumer W., Erve P. R., Obernotte R. P. Endotoxemic effect on cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondria. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet. 1971; 133: 433
   Google Scholar
• Schuster B. F., Palmer R. F., Aronson R. S. The effect of endotoxin on thin lipid bilayer membranes. J. Membr. Biol. 1970; 3: 67
   Google Scholar
• Sensakovic J. W., Bartell P. F. The slime of Pseudomonas aeruginosa: biological characterization and possible role in experimental infection. J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 129: 101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sensakovic J. W., Bartell P. F. Biological activity of fragments derived from the extracellular slime glycolipoprotein of. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Infect. Immun. 1975; 12: 808
   Google Scholar
• Sereny B. Experimental shigella keratoconjunctivitis: a preliminary report. Acta Microbiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. 1955; 2: 293
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shands J. W., Jr. Affinity of endotoxin for membranes. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 28: 197
   Google Scholar
• Shands J. W., Jr., Miller V., Maitin H., Senterfitt V. Hypoglycemic activity of endotoxin. II. Mechanism of the phenomenon in BCG-infected mice. J. Bacteriol 1969; 98: 494
   Google Scholar
• Shands J. W., Jr., Senterfitt V. C. Endotoxin-induced hepatic damage in BCG-infected mice. Am. J. Pathol. 1972; 67: 23
   Google Scholar
• Shands J. W., Jr., Senterfitt V., Miller V. Endotoxin-induced insulin sensitivity in BCG infected mice. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1971; 136: 983
   Google Scholar
• Shear M. J. Chemical treatment of tumors. IX. Reactions of mice with primary subcutaneous tumors to injection of a hemorrhage-producing bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1944; 4: 461
   Google Scholar
• Shtasel T. F., Berry L. J. Effect of endotoxin and cortisone on the rate of synthesis of RNA and protein in liver and spleen of adrenalectomized mice. J. Bacteriol. 1969; 97: 1018
   Google Scholar
• Siegert R., Philipp-Dormston W. K., Radsak K., Menzel H. Mechanism of fever induction in rabbits. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 1130
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer R. A. Lysogeny and toxinogeny in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Mechanisms in Bacterial Toxinology, A. W. Bernheimer. John Wiley & Sons. 1976; 1
   Google Scholar
• Skerman F. J., Formal S. B., Falkow S. Plasmid-associated enterotoxin production in a strain of Escherichia coli isolated from humans. Infect. Immun. 1972; 5: 622
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skidmore B. J., Chiller J. M., Morrison D. C., Weigle W. O. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Correlation between the mitogenic, adjuvant and immunogenic activities. J. Immunol. 1975; 114: 770
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skidmore B. J., Chiller J. M., Weigle W. O. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IV. Cellular basis of the unresponsiveness of C3H/HeJ mouse spleen cells to LPS-induced mitogenesis. J. Immunol. 1977; 118: 274
   Google Scholar
• Skidmore B. J., Chiller J. M., Weigle W. O., Riblet R., Watson J. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). III. Genetic linkage between the in vitro mirogenic and in vivo adjuvant properties of LPS. J. Exp. Med. 1976; 143: 143
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Skidmore B. J., Morrison D. C., Chiller J. M., Weigle W. O. Immunologic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). II. The unresponsiveness of C3H/HeJ mouse spleen cells to LPS-induced mitogenesis is dependent on the method used to extract LPS. J. Exp. Med. 1975; 142: 1488
   Google Scholar
• Sleeman H. K., Lamborn P. B., Diggs J. W., Emery C. E. Effects of endotoxin and histamine on serum enzyme activity. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol Med. 1971; 138: 536
   Google Scholar
• Smith H. W., Gyles C. L. The relationship between two apparently different enterotoxins produced by enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli of porcine origin. J. Med. Microbiol. 1970; 3: 387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith H. W., Halls S. Observations by the ligated intestinal segment and oral inoculation methods on Escherichia coli infections in pigs, calves, lambs and rabbits. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 1967; 93: 498
   Google Scholar
• Smith H. W., Halls S. Studies on Escherichia coli enterotoxin. J. Pathol. Bacteriol. 1967; 93: 531
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith H. W., Halls S. The transmissible nature of the genetic factor in Escherichia coli that controls enterotoxin production. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1968; 52: 319
   Google Scholar
• Smith H. W., Linggood M. A. The transmissible nature of enterotoxin production in a human enteropathogenic strain of. Escherichia coli, J. Med. Microbiol. 1971; 4: 301
   Google Scholar
• Smith N. W., Sack R. B. Immunologic cross-reactions of enterotoxins from Escherichia coli and. Vibrio cholerae, J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 127: 164
   Google Scholar
• Smith S. M., Snyder I. S. Effect of lipopolysaccharide and lipid A on mouse liver pyruvate kinase activity. Infect. Immun. 1975; 12: 993
   Google Scholar
• Smith W. W., Alderman I. M., Gillespie R. E. Increased survival in irradiated animals treated with bacterial endotoxins. Am. J. Physiol. 1957; 191: 124
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith W. W., Alderman I. M., Gillespie R. E. Hematopoietic recovery induced by bacterial endotoxin in irradiated mice. Am. J. Physiol. 1958; 192: 549
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith W. W., Marston R. Q., Cornfield J. Patterns of hemopoietic recovery in irradiated mice. Blood 1959; 14: 737
   Google Scholar
• Snyder I. S., Deters M., Ingle J. Effect of endotoxin on pyruvate kinase activity in mouse liver. Infect. Immun. 1971; 4: 138
   Google Scholar
• Snyder S. L., Walker R. I. Inhibition of lethality in endotoxin-challenged mice treated with zinc chloride. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder S. L., Walker R. I., Moniot J. V. Protection against endotoxin-induced mortality in mice treated with transition metal salts. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 337
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyderman R., Pike M. C. Interaction of complex polysaccharides with the complement system: effect of calcium depletion on terminal complement consumption. Infect. Immun. 1975; 11: 273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitzer J. A., Archer L., Greenfield L. J., Hinshaw L. B., Spitzer J. J. Metabolism of the nonhepatic splanchnic area in baboons and the effects of endotoxin. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 141: 21
   Google Scholar
• Springer G. F., Adye J. C. Endotoxin-binding substances from human leukocytes and platelets. Infect. Immun. 1975; 12: 978
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Springer G. F., Adye J. C., Bezkorovainy B., Jirgensons B. Properties and activity of the lipopolysaccharide receptor from human erythrocytes. Biochemistry 1974; 13: 1379
   Google Scholar
• Springer G. F., Adye J. C., Bezkorovainy A., Murthy J. R. Functional aspects and nature of the lipopolysaccharide-receptor of human erythrocytes. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: S202
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Springer G. F., Huprikar S. V., Neter E. Specific inhibition of endotoxin coating of red cells by a human erythrocyte membrane component. Infect. Immun. 1970; 1: 98
   Google Scholar
• Stanley E. R., Cifone M., Heard P. M., Defendi V. Factors regulating macrophage production and growth: identity of colony-stimulating factor and macrophage growth factor. J. Exp. Med. 1976; 143: 631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley E. R., Metcalf D. The molecular weight of colony-stimulating factor (CSF). Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1971; 137: 1029
   Google Scholar
• Stewart G. J., Anderson M. J. An ultrastructural study of endotoxin induced damage in rabbit mesenteric arteries, Br. J. Pathol. 1971; 52: 75
   Google Scholar
• Stewart W. E. Distinct molecular species of interferons. Virology 1974; 61: 80
   Google Scholar
• Strauss N., Hendee E. D. The effect of diphtheria toxin on the metabolism of HeLa cells. J. Exp. Med. 1959; 109: 144
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan J. D., Jr., Watson S. W. Factors affecting the sensitivity of. Limulus lysate, Appl. Microbiol. 1974; 28: 1023
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sultzer B. M. Genetic control of leucocyte responses to endotoxin. Nature (London) 1968; 219: 1253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sultzer B. M. Genetic factors in leukocyte responses to endotoxin: further studies in mice. J. Immunol. 1969; 103: 32
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sultzer B. M. Genetic control of host responses to endotoxin. Infect. Immun. 1972; 5: 107
   Google Scholar
• Sultzer B. M., Goodman G. W. Endotoxin protein: a B-cell mitogen and polyclonal activator of C3H/HeJ lymphocytes. J. Exp. Med. 1976; 144: 821
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi A. Electron microscopic studies of experimental salmonella infection. 1. Penetration into the intestinal epithelium by. Salmonella typhimurium, Am. J. Pathol. 1967; 50: 109
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeuchi A., Harvis H. R., Formal S. B. Shigellosis in monkeys. Am. J. Pathol. 1975; 81: 251
   Google Scholar
• Talcott J. A., Ness D. B., Grument F. C. Adjuvant effect of LPS on in vivo antibody response: genetic defect inC3H/HeJ mice. Immunogenetics 1975; 2: 507
   Google Scholar
• Tapper M. L., Armstrong D. Bacteremia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa complicating neoplastic diseases: a progress report. J. Infect. Dis. 1974; 130: S14, (Suppl.)
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thompson M. R., Steinberg M. S., Gemski P., Formal S. B., Doctor B. P. Inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis by Shigella dysenteriae 1 toxin. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 1976; 71: 783
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thompson W. L., Abeles F. G., Beall F. A., Denterman R. E., Wannemacher R. W., Jr. Influence of the adrenal glucocorticoids on the stimulation of synthesis of hepatic ribonucleic acid and plasma acute-phase globulins by leukocytic endogenous mediator. Biochem. J. 1976; 156: 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timar M., Hadrich I., Teodorescu M. Studies on the metabolism of sulfametoxiperimidine in endotoxin tolerant mice. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1972; 21: 420
   Google Scholar
• Trejo R. A., Di Luzio N. R. Influence of endotoxin tolerance on detoxification of Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin by mouse liver and spleen. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 1972; 141: 501
   Google Scholar
• Turner M. M., Berry L. J. Inhibition of gastric emptying in mice by bacterial endotoxin. Am. J. Physiol. 1963; 205: 1113
   Google Scholar
• Uchida T., Gill D. M., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr. Mutation in the structural gene for diphtheria toxin carried by temperate phage β. Nature (London) New Biol. 1971; 233: 8
   Google Scholar
• Uchida T., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Gregory R. Diphtheria toxin and related proteins. Isolation and properties of mutant proteins serologically related to diphtheria toxin. J. Biol. Chem. 1973; 248: 3838
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uchida T., Pappenheimer A. M., Jr., Harper A. A. Diphtheria toxin and related proteins. III. Reconstitution of hybrid “diphtheria toxin” from nontoxic mutant proteins. J. Biol. Chem. 1973; 248: 3851
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ujiiye A., Nakatomi M., Utsunomiya A., Mitsui K., Sogame S., Iwanaga M., Kobari K. Experimental cholera in mice. I. First report on the oral infection. Trap. Med. (Nettai Igaku) 1968; 10: 65
   Google Scholar
• Urbaschek B., Forssmann W. G., Urbaschek R. Endotoxin-induced microcirculatory disturbances. Microcirculation 1976; 2: 176
   Google Scholar
• Urbaschek B., Fritsch H., Richter I. E. Erste Beobachtungen mit dem Rasterelektronmikroskop in der Fruhphase der Endotoxin wirkung an der terminalen Strombahn. Klin. Wochenschr. 1969; 47: 1166
   Google Scholar
• Urbaschek B., Ringert R. H. The effect of detoxified endotoxin on bone marrow. Gram-negative Bacterial Infections and Mode of Endotoxin Actions, B. Urbaschek, R. Urbaschek, E. Neter. New York, Springer-Verlag 1975; 200
   Google Scholar
• Urbaschek R., Mergenhagen S. E., Urbaschek B. Failure of endotoxin to protect C3H/HeJ mice against lethal irradiation, submitted
   Google Scholar
• Vane J. R. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action of aspirin-like drugs. Nature (London), New Biol. 1971; 231: 232
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• van Heyningen S. Cholera toxin: interaction of subunits with ganglioside GM1. Science 1974; 183: 656
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Heyningen S. The subunits of cholera toxin: structure, stoichiometry, and function. J. Infect. Dis. 1976; 133: S5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Heyningen W. E. The exotoxin of Shigella dysenteriae. Microbial Toxins, S. Kadis, T. C. Montie, S. J. Ajl. New York, Academic Press 1971; Vol. 2A: 255
   Google Scholar
• van Heyningen W. E., Carpenter C. C. J., Pierce N. F., Greenough W. B., III. Deactivation of cholera toxin by ganglioside. J. Infect. Dis. 1971; 124: 415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Heyningen W. E., Gladstone G. P. The neurotoxin of Shigella shigae. I. Production, purification and properties of the toxin. Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1953; 34: 202
   Google Scholar
• van Heyningen YV. E., Mellanhy J. A note on the specific fixation, specific deactivation and nonspecific inactivation of bacterial toxins by gangliosides. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Exp. Pathol. Pharmakol. 1973; 276: 297
   Google Scholar
• van Heyningen W. E., Miller P. A. The fixation of tetanus toxin by ganglioside. J. Gen. Microbiol. 1961; 24: 107
   Google Scholar
• Vas S. I., Roy R. S., Robson M. G. Endotoxin sensitivity of inbred mouse strains. Can. J. Microbiol. 1973; 19: 767
   Google Scholar
• Vasil M. L., Holmes R. K., Finkelstein R. A. Studies on toxinogenesis in Vibrio cholerae. II. An in vitro test for enterotoxin production. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 195
   Google Scholar
• Vasil M. L., Holmes R. K., Finkelstein R. A. Conjugal transfer of a chromosomal gene determining production of enterotoxin in. Vibrio cholerae, Science 1975; 187: 849
   Google Scholar
• Vasil M. L., Liu P. V., Iglewski B. H. Temperature-dependent inactivating factor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A. Infect. Immun. 1976; 13: 1467
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vassef A., Spencer C., Gelehrter T. D., Lengyel P. Selectivity of interferon action: hormonal induction of tyrosine aminotransferase in rat hepatoma cells is much less sensitive to interferon than replication of vesicular stomatitis virus or reovirus. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1974; 353: 115
   Google Scholar
• Vaughn M., Pierce N. F., Greenough W. B., III. Stimulation of glycerol production in fat cells by cholera toxin. Nature (London) 1970; 226: 658
   Google Scholar
• Verder E., Evans J. A. A proposed antigenic scheme for the identification of strains of. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, J. Infect. Dis. 1961; 109: 183
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verwey W. F. An hypothesis of antibacterial immunity in cholera. Proc. 8th Joint Conference, U.S.-Japan Cooperative Medical Science Program. Cholera Panel, Tokyo Fuji Printing 1972; 186
   Google Scholar
• Von Jeney N., Gunther E., Jann K. Mitogenic stimulation of murine spleen cells: relation to susceptibility to Salmonella infection. Infect. Immun. 1977; 15: 26
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wachsmuth I. K., Falkow S., Ryder R. W. Plasmid-mediated properties of a heat-stable enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli associated with infantile diarrhea. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 403
   Google Scholar
• Wachsmuth I. K., Stamm W. E., McGowan J. E., Jr. Prevalence of toxigenic and invasive strains of Escherichia coli in a hospital population. J. Infect. Dis. 1975; 132: 601
   Google Scholar
• Wahl S. M., Wilton J. M. A., Rosenstreich D. L., Oppenheim J. J. The role of macrophages in the production of lymphoxines by T and B lymphocytes. J. Immunol. 1975; 114: 1296
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker R. I. Endotoxin and stress. Lancet 1974; 2: 527
   Google Scholar
• Wannemacher R. W., Jr., Du Pont H. L., Pekarek R. S., Powanda M. C., Schwartz A., Hornick R. B., Beisel W. R. An endogenous mediator of depression of amino acids and trace metals in serum during typhoid fever. J. Infect. Dis. 1972; 126: 77
   Google Scholar
• Ward P. A., Johnson K. J. Effects of endotoxin on serum mediators (complement, kinin, and clotting systems). Microbiology 1972, D. Schlessinger. American Society Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1975; 327
   Google Scholar
• Watson J., Riblet R. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharides in mice. I. Evidence for a single gene that influences mitogenic and immunogenic responses to lipopolysaccharides. J. Exp. Med. 1974; 140: 1147
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Watson J., Riblet R. Genetic control of responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mice. II. A gene that influences a membrane component involved in the activation of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes by lipopolysaccharides. J. Immunol. 1975; 114: 1462
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watson J., Trenkner E., Cohn M. The use of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to show that two signals are required for the induction of antibody synthesis. J. Exp. Med. 1973; 138: 699
   Google Scholar
• Weiball C. The electron microscope structure of a Salmonella endotoxin. Z. Allg. Mikrobiol 1974; 14: 539
   Google Scholar
• Westphal O. Bacterial endotoxins. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol. 1975; 49: 1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Westphal O., Sommer T. The history of pyrogen research. Microbiology, D. Schlessinger. American Society Microbiology, Washington, D.C. 1977, in press
   Google Scholar
• Whipp S. C., Moon H. W., Lyon N. C. Heat stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin production in vivo. Infect. Immun. 1975; 12: 240
   Google Scholar
• White R. R., Mela L. M., Bacalzo L. V., Olafsson K., Miller L. D. Hepatic ultrastructure in endotoxemia, hemorrhage and hypoxia: emphasis on mitochondrial changes. Surgery 1973; 73: 525
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White R.R., IV, Mela L., Miller L. D., Berwich L. Effect of E. coli endotoxin on mitochondrial form and function: inability to complete succinate-induced condensed-to-orthodox conformational change. Ann. Surg. 1971; 174: 983
   Google Scholar
• Wilkinson S. P., Arroyo V., Gazzard G., Moodie H., Williams R. Relation of renal impairment and haemorrhagic diathesis to endotoxaemia in fulminant hepatic failure. Lancet 1974; 1: 521
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Willerson J. T., Trelstad R. L., Pincus T., Levy S. B., Wolff S. M. Subcellular localization of Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin in liver and spleen of mice and rats. Infect. Immun. 1970; 1: 490
   Google Scholar
• Williams H. R., Jr., Verwey W. F., Schrank G. D., Hurry E. K. An in vitro antigen-antibody reaction in relation to an hypothesis of intestinal immunity to cholera. Proc. 9th Joint Cholera Research Conf. U.S. Department of State, Washington, D.C. 1973; 161
   Google Scholar
• Wilton J. M. A., Rosenstreich D. L., Oppenheim J. J. Requirement of bone marrow-derived lymphocytes for macrophage activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J. Immunol. 1975; 114: 388
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winston S. H., Berry L. J. Antibacterial immunity induced by ribosomal vaccines. J. Reticuloendothel. Soc. 1970; 8: 13
   Google Scholar
• Wiznitzer T., Better N., Rachlin W., Atkins N., Frank E., Fine J. In vivo detoxification of endotoxin by the reticuloendothelialsystem. J. Exp. Med. 1960; 112: 1157
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wodnar-Filipowicz A., Lai C. Y. Stimulation of adenylate cyclase in washed pigeon erythrocyte membrane with cholera toxin and its subunits. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1976; 176: 465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfe R. R., Elahi D., Spitzer J. J. Glucose and lactate kinetics after endotoxin administration in dogs. Am. J. Physiol. 1977; 232: E180
   Google Scholar
• Wolff J., Cook G. H. Endotoxic lipopolysaccharides stimulate steroidogenesis and adenylate cyclase in adrenal tumor cells. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1975; 413: 291
   Google Scholar
• Woodruff P. W. H., O'Carroll D. I., Koigumi S., Fine J. Role of the intestinal flora in major trauma. J. Infect. Dis. 1973; 128: S290
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yang C., Nowotny A. Effect of endotoxin on tumor resistance in mice. Infect. Immun. 1974; 9: 95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin E. T. Endotoxin thrombin and the Limulus amebocyte lysate test. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 1975; 86: 430
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin E. T., Galanos C., Kinsky S., Bradshaw R. W., Wessler S., Lüderitz O., Sarmento M. E. Pico-gram sensitive assay for endotoxin. Gelation of Limulus polyphemus blood cell lysate induced by purified lipopolysaccharides and lipid A from Gram negative bacteria. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1972; 261: 284
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young L. S., Stevens P., Ingram J. Functional role of antibody against “core” glycolipid of. Enterobacteriaceae, J. Clin. Invest. 1975; 56: 850
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young N. W., Levin J., Prendergast R. A. An invertebrate coagulation system activated by endotoxin: evidence for enzymatic mediation. J. Clin. Invest. 1972; 51: 1790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler E. J., Douglas H., Braude A. I. Human anti-serum for prevention of the local Shwartzman reaction and death from bacterial lipopolysaccharides. J. Clin. Invest. 1973; 52: 3236
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zlydaszyk J. C., Moon R. J. Fate of Cr-labeled lipopolysaccharide in tissue culture cells and livers of normal mice. Infect. Immun. 1976; 14: 100
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zwadyk P., Jr., Snyder I. S. Effects of endotoxin on glycogenolytic enzymes of mouse liver. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol.Med. 1973; 143
   Google Scholar
• Zwadyk P., Jr., Snyder L S. Effects of endotoxin on hepatic glycogen metabolism in vitro. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol.Med. 1973; 142: 299
   Google Scholar