Joint occurrence of Merkel cell carcinoma and non-Hodgkin lymphomas in four Nordic countries

References

• Sahi H, Kukko H, Böhling T, et al. Unusually young Merkel cell carcinoma patients are Merkel cell polyomavirus positive and frequently immunocompromised. Eur J Plastic Surg 2010;33:349–353.
   Google Scholar
• Sahi H, Koljonen V, Bohling T, et al. Increased incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma among younger statin users. Cancer Epidemiol 2012;36:421–424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koljonen V, Kukko H, Tukiainen E, et al. Incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009;24:3231–3235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koljonen V, Kukko H, Pukkala E, et al. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients have a high risk of Merkel-cell polyomavirus DNA-positive Merkel-cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2009;101:1444–1447.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wieland U, Kreuter A. Merkel cell polyomavirus infection and Merkel cell carcinoma in HIV-positive individuals. Curr Opin Oncol 2011;23:488–493.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agelli M, Clegg LX, Becker JC, Rollison DE. The etiology and epidemiology of merkel cell carcinoma. Curr Probl Cancer 2010;34: 14–37.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyhne D, Lock-Andersen J, Dahlstrom K, et al. Rising incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2011;45:274–280.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichgelt BA, Visser O. Epidemiology and survival of Merkel cell carcinoma in the Netherlands. A population-based study of 808 cases in 1993–2007. Eur J Cancer 2011;47:579–585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng H, Shuda M, Chang Y, et al. Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma. Science 2008;319:1096–1100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• WHO IAfRoC. IARC monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans; Malaria and some polyomaviruses (SV40, bk, jc, and Merkel Cell Viruses). IARC 2013;104.
   Google Scholar
• Popp S, Waltering S, Herbst C, et al. UV-B-type mutations and chromosomal imbalances indicate common pathways for the development of Merkel and skin squamous cell carcinomas. Int J Cancer 2002;99:352–360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shankland KR, Armitage JO, Hancock BW. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Lancet 2012;380:848–857.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grulich AE, Vajdic CM. The epidemiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Pathology 2005;37:409–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bosetti C, Levi F, Ferlay J, et al. Incidence and mortality from non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Europe: the end of an epidemic? Int J Cancer 2008;123:1917–1923.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiels MS, Engels EA, Linet MS, et al. The epidemic of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in the United States: disentangling the effect of HIV, 1992–2009. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:1069–1078.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McMichael AJ, Giles GG. Have increases in solar ultraviolet exposure contributed to the rise in incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma? Br J Cancer 1996;73:945–950.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes AM, Armstrong BK, Vajdic CM, et al. Pigmentary characteristics, sun sensitivity and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Int J Cancer 2004;110:429–434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koljonen V, Kukko H, Tukiainen E, et al. Second cancers following the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma: a nationwide cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol 2010;34:62–65.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ascoli V, Minelli G, Kanieff M, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma: a population-based study on mortality and the association with other cancers. Cancer Causes Control 2011;22:1521–1527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bzhalava D, Bray F, Storm H, et al. Risk of second cancers after the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma in Scandinavia. Br J Cancer 2011;104:178–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadmor T, Liphshitz I, Aviv A, et al. Increased incidence of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphomas in patients with Merkel cell carcinoma – a population based study of 335 cases with neuroendocrine skin tumour. Br J Haematol 2012;157:457–462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller N. Overview of the epidemiology of malignancy in immune deficiency. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999;21(Suppl. 1): S5–10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma JE, Brewer JD. Merkel cell carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients. Cancers (Basel) 2014;6:1328–1350.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall P, Rosendahl I, Mattsson A, Einhorn S. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and skin malignancies – shared etiology? Int J Cancer 1995;62:519–522.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adami J, Frisch M, Yuen J, et al. Evidence of an association between non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and skin cancer. BMJ 1995;310: 1491–1495.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teppo L, Pukkala E, Saxen E. Multiple cancer – an epidemiologic exercise in Finland. J Natl Cancer Inst 1985;75:207–217.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu S, Federman DG, Ma F, et al. Skin cancer and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: examining the link. Dermatol Surg 2005;31:76–82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heath M, Jaimes N, Lemos B, et al. Clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma at diagnosis in 195 patients: the AEIOU features. J Am Acad Dermatol 2008;58:375–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howard RA, Dores GM, Curtis RE, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma and multiple primary cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15:1545–1549.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teppo L, Pukkala E, Lehtonen M. Data quality and quality control of a population-based cancer registry. Experience in Finland. Acta Oncol 1994;33:365–369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gjerstorff ML. The Danish Cancer Registry. Scand J Public Health 2011;39:42–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Larsen IK, Smastuen M, Johannesen TB, et al. Data quality at the Cancer Registry of Norway: an overview of comparability, completeness, validity and timeliness. Eur J Cancer 2009;45: 1218–1231.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barlow L, Westergren K, Holmberg L, et al. The completeness of the Swedish Cancer Register: a sample survey for year 1998. Acta Oncol 2009;48:27–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pukkala E, Martinsen JI, Lynge E, et al. Occupation and cancer – follow-up of 15 million people in five Nordic countries. Acta Oncol 2009;48:646–790.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Youlden DR, Youl PH, Peter Soyer H, et al. Multiple primary cancers associated with Merkel cell carcinoma in Queensland, Australia, 1982–2011. J Invest Dermatol 2014;134:2883–2889.
   Google Scholar
• Kukko H, Bohling T, Koljonen V, et al. Merkel cell carcinoma – a population-based epidemiological study in Finland with a clinical series of 181 cases. Eur J Cancer 2012;48:737–742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engholm G, Ferlay J, Christensen N, et al. NORDCAN: Cancer incidence, mortality, prevalence and survival in the Nordic Countries, Version 6.1 (25.04. 2014). Association of the Nordic Cancer Registries. Danish Cancer Society. Available from: http://www.ancr.Nu. Accessed 7 August 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 2011;144:646–674.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buell JF, Trofe J, Hanaway MJ, et al. Immunosuppression and Merkel cell cancer. Transplant Proc 2002;34:1780–1781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tadmor T, Aviv A, Polliack A. Merkel cell carcinoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other lymphoproliferative disorders: an old bond with possible new viral ties. Ann Oncol 2011;22:250–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen Y, Amir G, Polliack A. Development and rapid dissemination of Merkel-cell carcinomatosis following therapy with fludarabine and rituximab for relapsing follicular lymphoma. Eur J Haematol 2002;68:117–119.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wirges ML, Saporito F, Smith J. Rapid growth of Merkel cell carcinoma after treatment with rituximab. J Drugs Dermatol 2006; 5:180–181.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fulop T, Kotb R, Fortin CF, et al. Potential role of immunosenescence in cancer development. Ann NY Acad Sci 2010;1197: 158–165.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alexander DD, Mink PJ, Adami HO, et al. The non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a review of the epidemiologic literature. Int J Cancer 2007;120(Suppl. 12):1–39.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marcucci F, Mele A. Hepatitis viruses and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: epidemiology, mechanisms of tumorigenesis, and therapeutic opportunities. Blood 2011;117:1792–1798.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Saxena R, Zhang S, et al. Pax-5 immunoexpression in various types of benign and malignant tumours: a high-throughput tissue microarray analysis. J Clin Pathol 2007;60:709–714.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zur Hausen A, Rennspiess D, Winnepenninckx V, et al. Early B-cell differentiation in Merkel cell carcinomas: clues to cellular ancestry. Cancer Res 2013;73:4982–4987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engholm G, Ferlay J, Christensen N, et al. NORDCAN – a Nordic tool for cancer information, planning, quality control and research. Acta Oncol 2010;49:725–736.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar