A Prospective Study of Integrated Outpatient Treatment for Substance-Abusing Schizophrenic Patients

References

• Regier D A, Farmer M E, Rae D S, et al. Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug abuse: results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 1990; 264: 2511–2518
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Test M A, Knoedler W H, Allness D J, et al. Characteristics of young adults with schizophrenic disorders treated in the community. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1985; 36: 855–858
   Google Scholar
• Test M A, Wallisch L, Allness D J, et al. Substance use in young adults with schizophrenic disorders. Schizophr Bull 1989; 15: 465–476
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner W M, Tsuang M T. Impact of substance abuse on the course and outcome of schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 87–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hellerstein D, Meehan B. Outpatient group therapy for schizophrenic substance abusers. Am J Psychiatry 1987; 144: 1337–1340
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kofoed L, Kania J, Walsh T, et al. Outpatient treatment of patients with substance abuse and coexisting psychiatric disorder. Am J Psychiatry 1986; 143: 867–872
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenthal R N, Hellerstein D J, Miner C R. A model of integrated services for outpatient treatment of patients with comorbid schizophrenia and addictive disorders. American Journal on Addictions 1992; 1: 339–348
   Google Scholar
• Richardson M A. Treatment patterns of young schizophrenic patients in the era of deinstitutionalization. Psychiatr Q 1985; 57: 243–249
   Google Scholar
• Kivlahan D R, Heiman J R, Wright R C, et al. Treatment cost and rehospitalization in schizophrenic outpatients with a history of substance abuse. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1991; 42: 609–614
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spitzer R L, Endicott J, Robins E. Research Diagnostic Criteria: rationale and reliability. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1978; 35: 773–782
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endicott J, Spitzer R L, Fleiss J, et al. The Global Assessment Scale. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1976; 33: 766–771
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folstein M F, Folstein S E, McHugh P R. Mini‐Mental State: a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12: 189–198
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spitzer R L, Endicott J. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS)3rd Edition. New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research, New York 1977
   Google Scholar
• McLellan A T, Luborsky L, Woody G E, et al. An improved evaluation instrument for substance abuse patients: the Addiction Severity Index. J Nerv Ment Dis 1980; 168: 26–33
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McLellan A T, Luborsky L, Cacciola J, et al. New data from the Addiction Severity Index: reliability and validity in three centers. J Nerv Ment Dis 1985; 173: 412–423
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinsker H, Rosenthal R N. Beth Israel Medical Center Supportive Psychotherapy Manual. New York, Social and Behavioral Sciences Documents, (abstracts) 1988; 18: 2
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal R N, Hellerstein D J, Miner C R. Integrated services for treatment of schizophrenic substance abusers: demographics, symptoms and substance abuse patterns. Psychiatr Q 1992; 63: 3–26
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Minkoff K. An integrated treatment model for dual diagnosis of psychosis and addiction. Hosp Com munity Psychiatry 1989; 40: 1031–1036
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lilliefors H W. On the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown. Journal of the American Statistical Association 1967; 64: 399–402
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen J, Cohen P. Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation for the Behavioral Sciences2nd Edition. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 1983
   Google Scholar
• Peto R, Pike M C, Armitage P, et al. Design and analysis of randomized clinical trials requiring prolonged observation of each patient, I: introduction and design. BrJ Cancer 1976; 34: 585–612
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gillings D G, Koch G. The application of the principle of intention‐to‐treat to the analysis of clinical trials. Drug Information Journal 1991; 25: 411–424
   Google Scholar
• Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences2nd Edition. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 1988
   Google Scholar
• Borkovec T D. Between‐group therapy outcome research: design and methodology. NIDA Res Monogr 1993; 137: 249–289
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Drake R E, McHugo G J, Noordsy D L. Treatment of alcoholism among schizophrenic outpatients: 4‐year outcomes. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150: 328–329
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben‐Arie O, Koch A, Welman M, et al. The effect of research on readmission to a psychiatric hospital. BrJ Psychiatry 1990; 156: 37–39
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parsons H M. What happened at Hawthorne?. Science 1974; 183: 922–932
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drake R E, Osher F C, Noordsy D L, et al. Diagnosis of alcohol use disorders in schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 1990; 16: 57–67
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar