160
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The Role of Fixed-Dose Combination Therapy with Drugs that Target the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Hypertension Paradigm

Pages 35-42 | Received 27 Aug 2008, Accepted 02 Nov 2008, Published online: 10 Feb 2010

REFERENCES

  • Lawes CM, Vander Hoorn S, and Rodgers A. Global burden of blood-pressure-related disease, 2001. Lancet 2008; 371(9623):1513–1518.
  • Whitworth JA, 2003 World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Hypertension (ISH) statement on management of hypertension. J Hypertens 2003; 21(11): 1983–1992.
  • Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright Jr, JT, Roccella EJ. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: The JNC 7 report. JAMA 2003; 289(19):2560–2572.
  • Lewington S, Clarke R, Qizilbash N, Peto R, Collins R. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002; 360(9349):1903–1913.
  • Hansson L, Zanchetti A, Carruthers SG, Dahlof B, Elmfeldt D, Julius S, Menard J, Rahn KH, Wedel H, Westerling S. Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. HOT Study Group. Lancet 1998; 351(9118):1755–1762.
  • Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, Grassi G, Heagerty AM, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Narkiewicz K, Ruilope L, Rynkiewicz A, Schmieder RE, Boudier HA, Zanchetti A, Vahanian A, Camm J, De Caterina R, Dean V, Dickstein K, Filippatos G, Funck-Brentano C, Hellemans I, Kristensen SD, McGregor K, Sechtem U, Silber S, Tendera M, Widimsky P, Zamorano JL, Erdine S, Kiowski W, Agabiti-Rosei E, Ambrosioni E, Lindholm LH, Viigimaa M, Adamopoulos S, Agabiti-Rosei E, Ambrosioni E, Bertomeu V, Clement D, Erdine S, Farsang C, Gaita D, Lip G, Mallion JM, Manolis AJ, Nilsson PM, O'Brien E, Ponikowski P, Redon J, Ruschitzka F, Tamargo J, van Zwieten P, Waeber B, Williams B. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007; 25(6):1105–1187.
  • Ong KL, Cheung BM, Man YB, Lau CP, Lam KS. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among United States adults 1999–2004. Hypertension 2007; 49(1):69–75.
  • Cushman WC, Ford CE, Cutler JA, Margolis KL, Davis BR, Grimm RH, Black HR, Hamilton BP, Holland J, Nwachuku C, Papademetriou V, Probstfield J, Wright, Jr JT, Alderman MH, Weiss RJ, Piller L, Bettencourt J, Walsh SM. Success and predictors of blood pressure control in diverse North American settings: the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT). J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2002; 4(6):393–404.
  • Dahlof B, Devereux RB, Kjeldsen SE, Julius S, Beevers G, de Faire U, Fyhrquist F, Ibsen H, Kristiansson K, Lederballe-Pedersen O, Lindholm LH, Nieminen MS, Omvik P, Oparil S, Wedel H. Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE): a randomised trial against atenolol. Lancet 2002; 359(9311):995–1003.
  • Kaperonis N, Bakris G. Blood pressure, antihypertensive therapy and risk for renal injury in African-Americans. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2003; 12(1):79–84.
  • Law MR, Wald NJ, Morris JK, Jordan RE. Value of low dose combination treatment with blood pressure lowering drugs: analysis of 354 randomised trials. BMJ 2003; 326(7404):1427.
  • Gerbino PP, Shoheiber O. Adherence patterns among patients treated with fixed-dose combination versus separate antihypertensive agents. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2007; 64(12):1279–1283.
  • Bangalore S, Kamalakkannan G, Parkar S, Messerli FH. Fixed-dose combinations improve medication compliance: a meta-analysis. Am J Med 2007; 120(8):713–719.
  • Sokol MC, McGuigan KA, Verbrugge RR, Epstein RS. Impact of medication adherence on hospitalization risk and healthcare cost. Med Care 2005; 43(6):521–530.
  • Kaplan NM, Opie LH. Controversies in hypertension. Lancet 2006; 367(9505):168–176.
  • Schmieder RE, Hilgers KF, Schlaich MP, Schmidt BM. Renin-angiotensin system and cardiovascular risk. Lancet 2007; 369(9568):1208–1219.
  • Brown MJ. Renin: friend or foe? Heart 2007.
  • Epstein BJ, Vogel K, Palmer BF. Dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists in the management of hypertension. Drugs 2007; 67(9):1309–1327.
  • Mason JM, Dickinson HO, Nicolson DJ, Campbell F, Ford GA, Williams B. The diabetogenic potential of thiazide-type diuretic and beta-blocker combinations in patients with hypertension. J Hypertens 2005; 23(10):1777–1781.
  • Mogensen CE, Neldam S, Tikkanen I, Oren S, Viskoper R, Watts RW, Cooper ME. Randomised controlled trial of dual blockade of renin-angiotensin system in patients with hypertension, microalbuminuria, and non-insulin dependent diabetes: the candesartan and lisinopril microalbuminuria (CALM) study. BMJ 2000; 321(7274):1440–1444.
  • Yusuf S, Teo KK, Pogue J, Dyal L, Copland I, Schumacher H, Dagenais G, Sleight P, Anderson C. Telmisartan, ramipril, or both in patients at high risk for vascular events. N Engl J Med 2008; 358(15):1547–1559.
  • Campbell M, Sonkodi S, Soucek M, Wiecek A. A candesartan cilexetil/hydrochlorothiazide combination tablet provides effective blood pressure control in hypertensive patients inadequately controlled on monotherapy. Clin Exp Hypertens 2001; 23(4):345–355.
  • Chrysant SG, Weber MA, Wang AC, Hinman DJ. Evaluation of antihypertensive therapy with the combination of olmesartan medoxomil and hydrochlorothiazide. Am J Hypertens 2004; 17(3):252–259.
  • Lacourciere Y., Poirier L. Antihypertensive effects of two fixed-dose combinations of losartan and hydrochlorothiazide versus hydrochlorothiazide monotherapy in subjects with ambulatory systolic hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2003; 16(12):1036–1042.
  • Lacourciere Y, Tytus R, O'Keefe D, Lenis J, Orchard R, Martin K. Efficacy and tolerability of a fixed-dose combination of telmisartan plus hydrochlorothiazide in patients uncontrolled with telmisartan monotherapy. J Hum Hypertens 2001; 15(11):763–770.
  • Waeber B, Aschwanden R, Sadecky L, Ferber P. Combination of hydrochlorothiazide or benazepril with valsartan in hypertensive patients unresponsive to valsartan alone. J Hypertens 2001; 19(11):2097–2104.
  • Ram CV. Antihypertensive efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers in combination with hydrochlorothiazide: a review of the factorial-design studies. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2004; 6(10):569–577.
  • Pool J, Kaihlanen P, Lewis G, Ginsberg D, Oparil S, Glazer R, Messerli FH. Once-daily treatment of patients with hypertension: a placebo-controlled study of amlodipine and benazepril vs amlodipine or benazepril alone. J Hum Hypertens 2001; 15(7):495–498.
  • Taddei S, Omboni S, Ghiadoni L, Caiazza A, Fogari R, Innocenti P, Porcellati C, Giovannetti R, Corradi L, Mancia G, Salvetti A. Combination of lisinopril and nifedipine GITS increases blood pressure control compared with single drugs in essential hypertensive patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2003; 41(4):579–585.
  • Edelman DA, Paul RA. Does combination therapy with a calcium channel blocker and an ACE inhibitor have additive effects on blood pressure reduction? Int J Clin Pract 2000; 54(2):105–109.
  • Jamerson K, Weber MA, Kakris GL, Dahlˇf B, Pitt B, Shi V, Hester A, Gupte J, Gatlin M, Velazquez EJ. ACCOMPLISH Trial Investigators. Benazepril plus amlodipine or hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2008; 359(23):2417–2428.
  • Burges RA, Dodd MG, Gardiner DG. Pharmacologic profile of amlodipine. Am J Cardiol 1989; 64(17):10I–18I; discussion 18I–20I.
  • Ishimitsu T, Minami J, Kawano Y, Numabe A, Takishita S, Matsuoka H. Amlodipine, a long-acting calcium channel blocker, attenuates morning blood pressure rise in hypertensive patients. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1999; 26(7):500–504.
  • Ostergren J, Isaksson H, Brodin U, Schwan A, Ohman KP. Effect of amlodipine versus felodipine extended release on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure in hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1998; 11(6 Pt 1):690–696.
  • Dahlof B, Sever PS, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Beevers DG, Caulfield M, Collins R, Kjeldsen SE, Kristinsson A, McInnes GT, Mehlsen J, Nieminen M, O'Brien E, Ostergren J. Prevention of cardiovascular events with an antihypertensive regimen of amlodipine adding perindopril as required versus atenolol adding bendroflumethiazide as required, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA): A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366(9489):895–906.
  • Ichihara A, Kaneshiro Y, Sakoda M, Takemitsu T, Itoh H. Add-on amlodipine improves arterial function and structure in hypertensive patients treated with an angiotensin receptor blocker. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2007; 49(3):161–166.
  • Wang JG, Staessen JA, Li Y, Van Bortel LM, Nawrot T, Fagard R, Messerli FH, Safar M. Carotid intima-media thickness and antihypertensive treatment: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stroke 2006; 37(7):1933–1940.
  • Gustafsson D. Microvascular mechanisms involved in calcium antagonist edema formation. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1987; 10(suppl 1):S121–131.
  • Fogari R, Zoppi A, Derosa G, Mugellini A, Lazzari P, Rinaldi A, Fogari E, Preti P. Effect of valsartan addition to amlodipine on ankle oedema and subcutaneous tissue pressure in hypertensive patients. J Hum Hypertens 2007; 21(3):220–224.
  • Julius S, Kjeldsen SE, Weber M, Brunner HR, Ekman S, Hansson L, Hua T, Laragh J, McInnes GT, Mitchell L, Plat F, Schork A, Smith B, Zanchetti A. Outcomes in hypertensive patients at high cardiovascular risk treated with regimens based on valsartan or amlodipine: the VALUE randomised trial. Lancet 2004; 363(9426):2022–2031.
  • Philipp T, Smith TR, Glazer R, Wernsing M, Yen J, Jin J, Schneider H, Pospiech R. Two multicenter, 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group studies evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of amlodipine and valsartan in combination and as monotherapy in adult patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Clin Ther 2007; 29(4):563–580.
  • Fogari R, Malamani G, Zoppi A, Mugellini A, Rinaldi A, Fogari E, Perrone T. Effect on the development of ankle edema of adding delapril to manidipine in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a three-way crossover study. Clin Ther 2007; 29(3):413–418.
  • Weir MR, Rosenberger C, Fink JC. Pilot study to evaluate a water displacement technique to compare effects of diuretics and ACE inhibitors to alleviate lower extremity edema due to dihydropyridine calcium antagonists. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14(9 Pt 1):963–968.
  • Schwocho LR, Masonson HN. Pharmacokinetics of CS-866, a new angiotensin II receptor blocker, in healthy subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 41(5):515–527.
  • Ball KJ, Williams PA, Stumpe KO. Relative efficacy of an angiotensin II antagonist compared with other antihypertensive agents. Olmesartan medoxomil versus antihypertensives. J Hypertens 2001; 19(suppl 1):S49–56.
  • Zannad F, Fay R. Blood pressure-lowering efficacy of olmesartan relative to other angiotensin II receptor antagonists: an overview of randomized controlled studies. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2007; 21(2):181–190.
  • Fabia MJ, Abdilla N, Oltra R, Fernandez C, Redon J. Antihypertensive activity of angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists: a systematic review of studies with 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. J Hypertens 2007; 25(7):1327–1336.
  • Chrysant SG, Marbury TC, Robinson TD. Antihypertensive efficacy and safety of olmesartan medoxomil compared with amlodipine for mild-to-moderate hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2003; 17(6):425–432.
  • Rohatagi S, Carrothers TJ, Kshirsagar S, Khariton T, Lee J, Salazar D. Evaluation of Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationship With Coadministration of Amlodipine Besylate and Olmesartan Medoxomil. J Clin Pharmacol 2008.
  • Neutel JM, Smith DH, Silfani TN, Lee Y, Weber MA. Effects of a structured treatment algorithm on blood pressure goal rates in both stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension. J Hum Hypertens 2006; 20(4):255–262.
  • Neutel JM, Smith DH, Weber MA, Wang AC, Masonson HN. Use of an olmesartan medoxomil-based treatment algorithm for hypertension control. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2004; 6(4):168–174.
  • Chrysant, SG, Melino M, Karki S, Lee J, Heyrman R. The combination of olmesartan medoxomil and amlodipine besylate in controlling high blood pressure: COACH, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 8-week factorial efficacy and safety study. Clin Ther 2008; 30(4):587–604.
  • Stumpe, KO, Agabiti-Rosei E, Zielinski T, Schremmer D, Scholze J, Laeis P, Schwandt P, Ludwig M. Carotid intima-media thickness and plaque volume changes following 2-year angiotensin II-receptor blockade. The Multicentre Olmesartan atherosclerosis Regression Evaluation (MORE) study. Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease 2007; 1(2):97–106.
  • Jinno, T, Iwai M, Li Z, Li JM, Liu HW, Cui TX, Rakugi H, Ogihara T, Horiuchi M. Calcium channel blocker azelnidipine enhances vascular protective effects of AT1 receptor blocker olmesartan. Hypertension 2004; 43(2):263–269.
  • Suzuki J, Iwai M, Li Z, Li JM, Min LJ, Ide A, Yoshii T, Oshita A, Mogi M, Horiuchi M. Effect of combination of calcium antagonist, azelnidipine, and AT1 receptor blocker, olmesartan, on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. J Hypertens 2005; 23(7):1383–1389.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.