Higher Levels of Plasma TNF-α and Neuropeptide Y in Hypertensive Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

REFERENCES

• Paul EP, Terry Y, Mari P, James S. Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1378–1384.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punginathn D. Obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular risk. Ther Clin R Manag 2007;3:1105–1111.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horner RL, Innes JA, Morrell MJ, Shea SA, Guz A. The effect of sleep on reflex genioglossus muscle activation by stimuli of negative airway pressure in humans. J Physiol 1994;476:141–151.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Susheel PP, Hartmut S, Jason JM, Elizabeth G, Alan RS, Philip LS. Neuromechanical control of upper airway patency during sleep. J Appl Physiol 2007;102:547–556.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robert BF, John T, David PW, Atul M, Jill R, Karen S, Darci K, Robert JP. The effect of sleep onset on upper airway muscle activity in patients with sleep apnoea versus controls. J Physiol 2005;564:549–562.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang RM, Gao M, Zhang Zh, Wang SF, Jiang L, Wang HQ, Zhu B. Alteration of plasma neuropeptide Y in patients with essential hypertension. Chin J Hypertension 2007;15: 731–734.
   Google Scholar
• Stanley BG. Neuropeptide Y in multiple hypothalamic sites control eating behavior, endocrine and autonomic systems for energy balance. In: Colmers WF, Wahlestedt C, eds. The biology of neuropeptide Y and related peptides. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press 1993:457–509.
   Google Scholar
• Sakurai S, Nishijima T, Takahashi S, Yamauchi K, Arihara Z, Takahashi K. Low plasma Orexin-A levels were improved by continuous positive airway pressure treatment in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Chest 2005;127:731–737.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nishijima T, Sakurai S, Arihara Z, Takahashi K. Plasma orexin-A-like immunoreactivity in patients with sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Peptides 2003;24:407–411.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haipog U, Rubinstein I. Inflammation and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome pathogenesis: A working hypothesis. Respiration 2003;70:665–671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Minoguchi K, Tazaki T, Yokoe T, Minoguchi H, Watanabe Y, Yamamoto M, Adachi Mitsuru. Elevated production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by monocytes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Chest 2004;126:1473–1479.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Entzian P, Linnemann K, Schlaak M, . Obstructive sleep apnea and circadian rhythms of hormones and cytokines. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996;153:1080–1086.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stierer T, Punjabi NM. Demographics and diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. Anesthesiol Clin North Am 2005; 23:405–420.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cooperative Meta-Analysis Group of China Obesity Task Force. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference to risk factors of related diseases in Chinese adult population. Chinese J Epidemiol 2002;23:5–10.
   Google Scholar
• American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force. Sleep-related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research: The report of an American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force. Sleep 1999;22:667–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perloff D, Grim C, Flack J, Frohlich ED, Hill M, McDonald M, Morgensterm BZ. Human blood pressure determination by sphygmomanometry. Circulation 1993;88:2460–2470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sesso HD, Julie EB, Nader R, Gavin JB, Gaziano JM, Ridker PM. C-reactive protein and the risk of developing hypertension. JAMA 2003;290:2945–2951.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivas S, Masudul H, Dewan SA, Majid, Joseph F. Involvement of tumor necrosis factor-α in angiotensin II–mediated effects on salt appetite, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertension 2008;51:1345–1351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed-Ali V, Goodrick S, Rawesh A, Katz DR, Miles JM, Yudkin JS, Klein S, Coppack SW. Subcutaneous adipose tissue releases interleukin-6, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha, in vivo. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997;82:4196–4200.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Ferrante AW Jr. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest 2003;112: 1796–1808.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu H, Uysal KT, Becherer JD, Arner P, Hotamisligil GS. Altered tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) processing in adipocytes and increased expression of transmembrane TNF-alpha in obesity. Diabetes 2002;51:1876–1883.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Matsumura K, Tsuchihashi T, Abe I. Central cardiovascular action of neuropeptide Y in conscious rabbits. Hypertension 2000;36:1040–1044.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thulin T, Erlinge D. Neuropeptide Y and hypertension. Nutrition 1995;11:495–497.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Antonia B, Ferran B, Elena L, Mo´nica de la P, Joaquin DC, Antoni L, Margalida B, Lourdes G, Alvar GNA. Neuropeptide Y and leptin in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005;171: 183–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamse R, Posch M, Saria A, Jancso G. Several mediators appear to interact in neurogenic inflammation. Acta Physiol Hung 1987; 69:343–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foreman JC. Peptides and neurogenic inflammation. Br Med Bull 1987;43:386–400.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maggi CA. The effects of tachykinins on inflammatory and immune cells. Regul Pept 1997;70:75–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lotz M, Vaughan JH, Carson DA. Effect of neuropeptides on production of inflammatory cytokines by human monocytes. Science 1988;241:1218–1221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djida AA, Valerie T, Luca G, Laurent Y, Matthieu J, David A, Lee EE, Hubert V, Youssef A. The proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 stimulate neuropeptide gene transcription and secretion in adrenochromaffin cells via activation of extracellularly regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 protein kinases, and activator protein-1 transcription factors. Mol Endocrinol 2004;18:1721–1739.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan CF, Love LL. Mechanical properties of the velopharynx in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996;154:806–812.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mortimore IL, Marshall I, Wraith PK, Sellar RJ, Douglas NJ. Neck and total body fat deposition in nonobese and obese patients with sleep apnea compared with that in control subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998;157: 280–283.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Philip AK, Subramanian R, Chunling L, Linda W, Gouri R. Adipose tissue tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 expression in human obesity and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001;280:745–751.
   Google Scholar
• Antonio LC, Carlo A, Giuseppe M. Unraveling the multiple roles of leptin in inflammation and autoimmunity. J Mol Med 2004;82:4–11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlson JT, Hedner J, Elam M, Ejnell H, Sellgren J, Wallin BG. Augmented resting sympathetic activity in awake patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 1993;103: 1763–1768.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somers VK, Dyken ME, Clary MP, Abboud FM. Sympathetic neural mechanisms in obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Invest 1995;96:1897–1904.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reaven GM, Lithell H, Landsberg L. Hypertension and associated metabolic abnormalities: The role of insulin resistance and the sympathoadrenal system. N Engl J Med 1996;334: 374–381.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald IA. Advances in our understanding of the role of the sympathetic nervous system in obesity. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995;19 (suppl):S2–S7.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar