Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro Tripeptide-Containing Milk Product has Acute Blood Pressure Lowering Effects in Mildly Hypertensive Subjects

REFERENCES

• Xu J-Y, Qin L-Q, Wang P-Y, Li W, Chang C. Effects of milk tripeptides on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutrition 2008;24:933–940.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pripp AH. Effect of peptides derived from food protein on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Nutr Res 2008;52: doi: 10.3402/fnr.v52i0.1641.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Engberink MF, Schouten EG, Kok FJ, van Mierlo LAJ, Brouwer IA, Geleijnse JM. Lactotripeptides show no effect in human blood pressure: results from a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Hypertension 2008;51:399–405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Zander K, Bots ML, Bak AAA, Koning MMG, de Leeuw PW. Enzymatically hydrolyzed lactotripeptides do not lower blood pressure in mildly hypertensive subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 2008;88:1697–1702.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van Mierlo LAJ, Koning BMG, van der Zander K, Draijer R. Lactotripeptides do not lower ambulatory blood pressure in untreated whites: results from 2 controlled multicenter crossover studies: Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:617–623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura Y, Masuda O, Takano T. Decrease of tissue angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity upon feeding sour milk in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60:488–489.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sipola M, Finckenberg P, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H, Nurminen M-L. Effect of long-term intake of milk products on blood pressure in hypertensive rats. J Dairy Res 2002;69:103–111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauhiainen T, Collin M, Narva M, Poussa T, Cheng JZ, Poussa T, Vapaatalo H, Korpela R. Effect of long-term intake of milk peptides and minerals on blood pressure and arterial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Milk Sci Int 2005;60:358–363.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jäkälä P, Hakala A, Turpeinen A, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Casein-derived bioactive tripeptides Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro attenuate the development of hypertension and improve endothelial function in salt-loaded Goto-Kakizaki rats. J Functional Foods 2009;1:366–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jäkälä P, Pere E, Turpeinen A, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Cardiovascular activity of milk casein-derived tripeptides and plant sterols in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Physiol Pharmacol 2009b:60:11–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakamura Y, Yamamoto N, Sakai K, Takano T. Antihypertensive effect of sour milk and peptides isolated from it that are inhibitors to angiotensin I-converting enzyme. J Dairy Sci 1995;78:1253–1257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEniery CM, Yasmin, Hall IR, Qasem A, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR, ACCT Investigators. Normal vascular aging: differential effects on wave reflection and aortic pulse wave velocity: the Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial (ACCT). Am Coll Cardiol 2005;46:1753–1760.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laurent S, Cockcroft J, van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D, Pannier B, Vlachopoulous C, Wilkinson I, Struijker-Boudier H. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical implications. Eur Heart J 2006;27:2588–2605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mäki-Petäjä KM, Hall FC, Booth AD, Wallace SM, Yasmin, Bearcroft PW, Harish H, Furlong A, McEniery CM, Brown J, Wilkinson IB. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with increased aortic pulse wave velocity, which is reduced by anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy. Circulation 2006;114:1185–1192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asmar R. Effect of antihypertensive agents on arterial stiffness as evaluated by pulse wave velocity: clinical implications. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2001;1:387–397.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Karalliedde J, Smith A, DeAngelis L, Mirenda V, Kandra A, Botha J, Ferber P, Viberti G. Valsartan improves arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes independently of blood pressure lowering. Hypertension 2008;51:1617–1623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferrier KE, Muhlmann MH, Baguet J-P, Cameron JD, Jennings GL, Dart AM, Kingwell BA. Intensive cholesterol reduction lowers blood pressure and large artery stiffness in isolated systolic hypertension. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:1020–1025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirota T, Ohki K, Kawagishi R, Kajimoto Y, Mizuno S, Nakamura Y, Kitakaze M. Casein hydrolysate containing the antihypertensive tripeptides Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro improves vascular endothelial function independent of blood pressure-lowering effects: contribution of the inhibitory action of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Hypertens Res 2007;30:489–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauhiainen T, Rönnback M, Vapaatalo H, Wuolle K, Kautiainen H, Korpela R. Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk reduces arterial stiffness in hypertensive subjects. Int Dairy J 2007;17,1209–1211.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauhiainen T, Rönnback M, Vapaatalo H, Wuolle K, Kautiainen H, Groop P-H, Korpela R. Long-term intervention with Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk reduces augmentation index in hypertensive subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010;64:424–431.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baulmann J, Schillings U, Rickert S, Uen S, Düsing R, Illyes M, Cziraki A, Nickenig G, Mengden T. A new oscillometric method for assessment of arterial stiffness: comparison with tonometric and piezo-electric methods. J Hypertens 2008;26:523–528.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van der Zander K, Jäkel M, Bianco V, Koning MMG. Fermented lactotripeptides-containing milk lowers daytime blood pressure in high normal-to-mild hypertensive subjects. J Hum Hypertens 2008;22:804–806.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luhtala S, Vaajanen A, Oksala O, Valjakka J, Vapaatalo H. Activities of angiotensin-converting enzymes ACE1 and ACE2 and inhibition by bioactive peptides in porcine ocular tissues. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2009;25:23–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jauhiainen, T, Vapaatalo H, Poussa T, Kyrönpalo S, Rasmussen M, Korpela R. Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk lowers blood pressure in hypertensive subjects in 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurement. Am J Hypertens 2005b;18:1600–1605.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Usinger L, Ibsen H, Linneberg A, Azizi M, Flambard B, Jensen LT. Human in vivo study of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the sympathetic activity after 8 weeks daily intake of fermented milk. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2010;30:162–168.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turpeinen AM, Kumpu M, Rönnback M, Seppo L, Kautiainen H, Jauhiainen T, Vapaatalo H, Korpela R. Antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering effects of a spread containing bioactive peptides Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro and plant sterols. J Functional Foods 2009;1:260–265.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stenvinkel P, Andersson P, Wang T, Lindholm P, Bergström J, Palmblad J, Heimburger O, Cederholm T. Do ACE-inhibitors suppress tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in advanced chronic renal failure? J Intern Med 1999;246:503–507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Jongh S, Vissers MN, Rol P, Backer HD, Kastelein JJ, Stroes ES. Plant sterols lower LDL cholesterol without improving endothelial function in prepubertal children with familial hypercholesterolemia. J Inher Metab Dis 2003;26:343–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakulj L, Vissers MN, Rodenburg J, Wiegman A., Trip MD, Kastelein JJ. Plant stanols do not restore endothelial function in prepubertal children with familial hypercholesterolemia despite reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. J Pediatr 2006;148:495–500.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Jong A, Plat J, Hoeks AP, Mensink RP. Effects of long-term plant sterol or stanol ester consumption on endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients on statin treatment. Atherosclerosis 2007;8:1 (abs).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raitakari OT, Salo P, Gylling H, Miettinen TA. Plant stanol ester consumption and arterial elasticity and endothelial function. Br J Nutr 2008;100:603–608.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jäkälä P, Turpeinen AM, Rajakari K, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Biological effects of casein-derived tripeptide powders are not affected by fermentation process. Int Dairy J 2010;20:366–370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamanari H, Nakamura K, Kakishita M, Ohe T. Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibition on endothelial function in hypertensive patients treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Clin Cardiol 2004; 27:523–527.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takase H, Sugiyama M, Nakazawa A, Sato K, Ueda R, Dohi Y. Long-term effect of antihypertensive therapy with calcium antagonist or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on serum nitrite/nitrate levels in human essential hypertension. Arzneimittelforschung 2000;50:530–534.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dabir S, Dabir P, Somvanshi B. The kinetics of inhibition of Vigna catjang cotyledon and buffalo liver arginase by L-proline and branched-chain amino acids. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2006;21:727–731.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lehtinen R, Jauhiainen T, Kankuri E, Lindstedt K, Kovanen PT, Kerojoki O, Korpela R, Vapaatalo H. Effects of milk casein-derived tripeptides Ile-Pro-Pro, Val-Pro-Pro, and Leu-Pro-Pro on enzymes processing vasoactive precursors in vitro. Arzneimittelforschung 2010;60:182–185.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar