Detection of atrial electrical and mechanical dysfunction in non-dipper pre-hypertensive subjects

References

• Baumgart P, Walger P, Fuchs G, et al. Twenty-four-hour blood pressure is not dependent on endogenous circadian rhythm. J Hypertens 1989;7:331–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cicconetti P, Morelli S, Ottaviani L, et al. Blunted nocturnal fall in blood pressure and left ventricular mass in elderly individuals with recently diagnosed isolated systolic hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2003;16(11 Pt 1):900–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verdecchia P, Porcellati C, Schillaci G, et al. Ambulatory blood pressure. An independent predictor of prognosis in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1994;24:793–801
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweiker R, Eber B, Schumacher M, et al. “Non-dipping” related to cardiovascular events in essential hypertensive patients. Acta Med Aust 1994;21:86–9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kario K, Matsuo T, Kobayashi H, et al. Nocturnal fall of blood pressure and silent cerebrovascular damage in elderly hypertensive patients. Advanced silent cerebrovascular damage in extreme dippers. Hypertension 1996;27:130–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cuspidi C, Meani S, Salerno M, et al. Cardiovascular target organ damage in essential hypertensives with or without reproducible nocturnal fall in blood pressure. J Hypertens 2004;22:273–80
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Lapenna D, Cuccurullo F. Risk of atrial fibrillation in dipper and nondipper sustained hypertensive patients. Blood Press Monit 2008;13:193–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akturk E, Yagmur J, Kurtoglu E, et al. Left atrial volume and function in patients with Behcet's disease assessed by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2012;13:650–5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moller JE, Hillis GS, Oh JK, et al. Left atrial volume: a powerful predictor of survival after acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2003;107:2207–12
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Osranek M, Fatema K, Qaddoura F, et al. Left atrial volume predicts the risk of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery: a prospective study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:779–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui QQ, Zhang W, Wang H, et al. Assessment of atrial electromechanical coupling and influential factors in nonrheumatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Clin Cardiol 2008;31:74–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lang RM, Bierig M, Devereux RB, et al. Recommendations for chamber quantification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Chamber Quantification Writing Group, developed in conjunction with the European Association of Echocardiography, a branch of the European Society of Cardiology. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:1440–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozer N, Yavuz B, Can I, et al. Doppler tissue evaluation of intra-atrial and interatrial electromechanical delay and comparison with P-wave dispersion in patients with mitral stenosis. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2005;18:945–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasan RS, Larson MG, Leip EP, et al. Impact of high-normal blood pressure on the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 2001;345:1291–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liszka HA, Mainous AG 3rd, King DE, et al. Prehypertension and cardiovascular morbidity. Ann Fam Med 2005;3:294–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Escudero E, De Lena S, Graff-Iversen S, et al. Left ventricular diastolic function in young men with high normal blood pressure. Can J Cardiol 1996;12:959–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manios E, Tsivgoulis G, Koroboki E, et al. Impact of prehypertension on common carotid artery intima-media thickness and left ventricular mass. Stroke 2009;40:1515–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O'Shea JC, Murphy MB. Nocturnal blood pressure dipping: a consequence of diurnal physical activity blipping? Am J Hypertens 2000;13(6 Pt 1):601–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izzedine H, Launay-Vacher V, Deray G. Abnormal blood pressure circadian rhythm: a target organ damage? Int J Cardiol 2006;107:343–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pierdomenico SD, Lapenna D, Guglielmi MD, et al. Arterial disease in dipper and nondipper hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 1997;10(5 Pt 1):511–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohno I, Takusagawa M, Yin D, et al. QT dispersion in dipper- and nondipper-type hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1998;11(3 Pt 1):280–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abate G, D'Andrea L, Battestini M, et al. Autonomic nervous activity in elderly dipper and non-dipper patients with essential hypertension. Aging 1997;9:408–14
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sherwood A, Steffen PR, Blumenthal JA, et al. Nighttime blood pressure dipping: the role of the sympathetic nervous system. Am J hypertens 2002;15(2 Pt 1):111–18
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohara K, Nishida W, Maguchi M, Hiwada K. Autonomic nervous function in non-dipper essential hypertensive subjects. Evaluation by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Hypertension 1995;26:808–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakano Y, Oshima T, Ozono R, et al. Non-dipper phenomenon in essential hypertension is related to blunted nocturnal rise and fall of sympatho-vagal nervous activity and progress in retinopathy. Auto Neurosci 2001;88:181–6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nattel S, Shiroshita-Takeshita A, Cardin S, Pelletier P. Mechanisms of atrial remodeling and clinical relevance. Curr Opin Cardiol 2005;20:21–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olshansky B. Interrelationships between the autonomic nervous sys tem and atrial fibrillation. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2005;48:57–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van den Berg MP, Hassink RJ, Balje-Volkers C, Crijns HJ. Role of the autonomic nervous system in vagal atrial fibrillation. Heart 2003;89:333–5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen PS, Tan AY. Autonomic nerve activity and atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2007;4( 3 Suppl):S61–4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Wasmund SL, Hamdan MH. Back to the future: the role of the autonomic nervous system in atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2006;29:413–21
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dilaveris PE, Gialafos JE. P-wave dispersion: a novel predictor of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2001;6:159–65
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ermis N, Acikgoz N, Yasar E, et al. Evaluation of atrial conduction time by P wave dispersion and tissue Doppler echocardiography in prehypertensive patients. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars 2010;38:525–30
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Diez J, Lopez B, Gonzalez A, Querejeta R. Clinical aspects of hypertensive myocardial fibrosis. Curr Opin Cardiol 2001;16:328–35
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varo N, Etayo JC, Zalba G, et al. Losartan inhibits the post-transcriptional synthesis of collagen type I and reverses left ventricular fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 1999;17:107–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Varo N, Iraburu MJ, Varela M, et al. Chronic AT(1) blockade stimulates extracellular collagen type I degradation and reverses myocardial fibrosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2000;35:1197–202
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez B, Querejeta R, Varo N, et al. Usefulness of serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I in assessment of the cardioreparative ability of antihypertensive treatment in hypertensive patients. Circulation 2001;104:286–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar