The involvement of reactive oxygen species derived from NADPH oxidase-1 activation on the constitutive tyrosine auto-phosphorylation of RET proteins

References

• Bae YS, Kang SW, Seo MS, Baines IC, Tekle E, Chock PB, Rhee SG. Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced generation of hydrogen peroxide. Role in EGF receptor-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1997;272:217–221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bae YS, Sung JY, Kim OS, Kim YJ, Hur KC, Kazlauskas A, Rhee SG. Platelet-derived growth factor-induced H(2)O(2) production requires the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. J Biol Chem 2000;275:10527–10531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schulze-Osthoff K, Beyaert R, Vandevoorde V, Haegeman G, Fiers W. Depletion of the mitochondrial electron transport abrogates the cytotoxic and gene-inductive effects of TNF. Embo J 1993;12:3095–3104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkel T. Oxygen radicals and signaling. Curr Opin Cell Biol 1998;10:248–253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colavitti R, Pani G, Bedogni B, Anzevino R, Borrello S, Waltenberger J, Galeotti T. Reactive oxygen species as downstream mediators of angiogenic signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/KDR. J Biol Chem 2002;277: 3101–3108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pani G, Colavitti R, Borrello S, Galeotti T. Endogenous oxygen radicals modulate protein tyrosine phosphorylation and JNK-1 activation in lectin-stimulated thymocytes. Biochem J 2000;347:173–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veal EA, Day AM, Morgan BA. Hydrogen peroxide sensing and signaling. Mol Cell 2007;26:1–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bedard K, Krause KH. The NOX family of ROS-generating NADPH oxidases: physiology and pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2007;87:245–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ushio-Fukai M, Nakamura Y. Reactive oxygen species and angiogenesis: NADPH oxidase as target for cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2008;266:37–52.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones DP. Radical-free biology of oxidative stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2008;295:C849–868.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trachootham D, Alexandre J, Huang P. Targeting cancer cells by ROS-mediated mechanisms: a radical therapeutic approach?. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2009;8:579–591.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsuzuki T, Takahashi M, Asai N, Iwashita T, Matsuyama M, Asai J. Spatial and temporal expression of the ret proto-oncogene product in embryonic, infant and adult rat tissues. Oncogene 1995;10:191–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murakumo Y, Jijiwa M, Asai N, Ichihara M, Takahashi M. RET and neuroendocrine tumors. Pituitary 2006;9:179–192.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sundaresan M, Yu ZX, Ferrans VJ, Sulciner DJ, Gutkind JS, Irani K, et al. Regulation of reactive-oxygen-species generation in fibroblasts by Rac1. Biochem J 1996;318:379–382.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beeson D, Higuchi O, Palace J, Cossins J, Spearman H, Maxwell S, et al. Dok-7 mutations underlie a neuromuscular junction synaptopathy. Science 2006;313:1975–1978.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakashima I, Kawamoto Y, Takeda K, Kato M. Control of genetically prescribed protein tyrosine kinase activities by environment-linked redox reactions. Enzyme Res 2011;2011:896567.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qiao N, Takahashi Y, Takamatsu H, Yoshimoto T. Leukotriene A synthase activity of purified mouse skin arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase expressed in Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta 1999;1438:131–139.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chen K, Craige SE, Keaney JF Jr. Downstream targets and intracellular compartmentalization in Nox signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009;11:2467–2480.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chiarugi P. PTPs versus PTKs: the redox side of the coin. Free Radic Res 2005;39:353–364.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakashima I, Kato M, Akhand AA, Suzuki H, Takeda K, Hossain K, Kawamoto Y. Redox-linked signal transduction pathways for protein tyrosine kinase activation. Antioxid Redox Signal 2002;4:517–531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ha HC, Thiagalingam A, Nelkin BD, Casero RA Jr. Reactive oxygen species are critical for the growth and differentiation of medullary thyroid carcinoma cells. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6:3783–3787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiao S, Iwashita T, Furukawa T, Yamamoto M, Sobue G, Takahashi M. Differential effects of leukocyte common antigen-related protein on biochemical and biological activities of RET-MEN2A and RET-MEN2B mutant proteins. J Biol Chem 2001;276:9460–9467.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iwashita T, Asai N, Murakami H, Matsuyama M, Takahashi M. Identification of tyrosine residues that are essential for transforming activity of the ret proto-oncogene with MEN2A or MEN2B mutation. Oncogene 1996;12:481–487.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiao S, Li W, Tsubouchi R, Murakami K, Yoshino M. Role of vanilloid receptors in the capsaicin-mediated induction of iNOS in PC12 cells. Neurochem Res 2004;29:687–693.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mirza R, Qiao S, Tateyama K, Miyamoto T, Xiuli L, Seo H. 3beta-Hydroxysterol-Delta24 reductase plays an important role in long bone growth by protecting chondrocytes from reactive oxygen species. J Bone Miner Metab 2012;30:144–153.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marklund S, Marklund G. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur J Biochem 1974;47: 469–474.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qiao S, Murakami K, Zhao Q, Wang B, Seo H, Yamashita H, et al. Mimosine-induced apoptosis in C6 glioma cells requires the release of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species and p38, JNK activation. Neurochem Res 2012;37:417–427.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Preston TJ, Muller WJ, Singh G. Scavenging of extracellular H2O2 by catalase inhibits the proliferation of HER-2/Neu-transformed rat-1 fibroblasts through the induction of a stress response. J Biol Chem 2001;276:9558–9564.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asai N, Iwashita T, Matsuyama M, Takahashi M. Mechanism of activation of the ret proto-oncogene by multiple endocrine neoplasia 2A mutations. Mol Cell Biol 1995;15:1613–1619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forman HJ, Fukuto JM, Torres M. Redox signaling: thiol chemistry defines which reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can act as second messengers. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2004;287:C246–C256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boonstra J, Post JA. Molecular events associated with reactive oxygen species and cell cycle progression in mammalian cells. Gene 2004;337:1–13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ralph SJ, Rodriguez-Enriquez S, Neuzil J, Saavedra E, Moreno-Sanchez R. The causes of cancer revisited: “mitochondrial malignancy” and ROS-induced oncogenic transformation - why mitochondria are targets for cancer therapy. Mol Aspects Med 2010;31:145–170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pani G, Galeotti T, Chiarugi P. Metastasis: cancer cell's escape from oxidative stress. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2010;29:351–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verbon EH, Post JA, Boonstra J. The influence of reactive oxygen species on cell cycle progression in mammalian cells. Gene 2012;511:1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benhar M, Engelberg D, Levitzki A. ROS, stress-activated kinases and stress signaling in cancer. EMBO Rep 2002;3: 420–425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamata T. Roles of Nox1 and other Nox isoforms in cancer development. Cancer Sci 2009;100:1382–1388.
   Google Scholar
• Lee SB, Bae IH, Bae YS, Um HD. Link between mitochondria and NADPH oxidase 1 isozyme for the sustained production of reactive oxygen species and cell death. J Biol Chem 2006;281:36228–36235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen AC, Eisch AJ, Sakai N, Takahashi M, Nestler EJ, Duman RS. Regulation of GFRalpha-1 and GFRalpha-2 mRNAs in rat brain by electroconvulsive seizure. Synapse 2001;39: 42–50.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fukuda T, Kiuchi K, Takahashi M. Novel mechanism of regulation of Rac activity and lamellipodia formation by RET tyrosine kinase. J Biol Chem 2002;277:19114–19121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambeth JD. Nox enzymes, ROS, and chronic disease: an example of antagonistic pleiotropy. Free Radic Biol Med 2007;43:332–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oberley LW, Buettner GR. Role of superoxide dismutase in cancer: a review. Cancer Res 1979;39:1141–1149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullen JJ, Mitros FA, Oberley LW. Expression of antioxidant enzymes in diseases of the human pancreas: another link between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2003;26:23–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bize IB, Oberley LW, Morris HP. Superoxide dismutase and superoxide radical in Morris hepatomas. Cancer Res 1980;40:3686–3693.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray B, Carmichael AJ. Kinetics of superoxide scavenging by dismutase enzymes and manganese mimics determined by electron spin resonance. Biochem J 1992;281:795–802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okuno Y, Matsuda M, Kobayashi H, Morita K, Suzuki E, Fukuhara A, et al. Adipose expression of catalase is regulated via a novel remote PPARgamma-responsive region. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008;366:698–704.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hecht D, Zick Y. Selective inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase activities by H2O2 and vanadate in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992;188:773–779.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar