DNA Base Damage in Chromatin of γ-Irradiated Cultured Human Cells

References

• Halliwell B., Gutteridge J.M.C. Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: an overview. Methods in Enzymology 1990; 186: 1–85
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breimer L.H. Molecular mechanisms of oxygen radical carcinogenesis and mutagenesis: the role of DNA base damage. Molecular Careinogenesis 1990; 3: 188–197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weitzman S.A., Weitberg A.B., Clark E.P., Stossel T. Phagocytes as carcinogens: malignant transformation produced by human neutrophils. Science 1985; 227: 1231–1233
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cerutti P.A. Prooxidant states and tumor promotion. Science 1985; 227: 375–381
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Sonntag C. The Chemical Basis of Radiation Biology. Taylor & Francis, London 1987; 116–166; 221–294
   Google Scholar
• Painter R.B. The role of DNA damage and repair in cell killing induced by ionizing radiation. Radiation Biology in Cancer Research, R.E. Meyn, H.R. Whithers. Raven Press, New York 1980; 59–68
   Google Scholar
• Roots R., Okada S. Protection of DNA molecules of cultured mammalian cells from radiation-induced single-strand scissions by various alcohols and SH compounds. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1972; 21: 329–342
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roots R., Okada S. Estimation of life times and diffusion distances of radicals involved in X-ray-induced DNA strand breaks or killing of mammalian cells. Radiation Research 1975; 64: 306–320
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman J.D., Reuvers A.P., Borsa J., Greenstock C.L. Chemical radioprotection and radiosensitization of mammalian cells growing in vitro. Radiation Research 1973; 56: 291–306
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Téoule R., Cadet J. Radiation-induced degradation of the base component in DNA and related substances-final products. Effects of Ionizing Radiation on DNA, J. Hüttermann, W. Kohnlein, R. Téole, A.J. Bertinchamps. Springer-Verlag, Berlin 1978; 171–203
   Google Scholar
• Téoule R. Radiation-induced DNA damage and its repair. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1987; 51: 573–589
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oleinick N.L., Chiu S., Ramakrishnan N., Xue L. The formation, identification, and significance of DNA-protein cross-links in mammalian cells. The British Journal of Cancer 1987; 55: 135–140, (Suppl. VIII)
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hariharan P.V., Cerutti P.A. Formation and repair of γ-ray induced thymine damage in Micrococcus radiodurans. Journal of Molecular Biology 1972; 66: 65–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattern M.R., Hariharan P.V., Cerutti P.A. Selective excision of gamma ray damaged thymine from the DNA of cultured mammalian cells. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1975; 395: 48–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frenkel K., Goldstein M.S., Teebor G.W. Identification of the cis-thymine glycol moiety in chemically oxidized and γ-irradiated deoxyribonucleic acid by high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis. Biochemistry 1981; 24: 7566–7571
   Google Scholar
• Leadon S.A., Hanawalt P.C. Monoclonal antibody to DNA containing thymine glycol. Mutation Research 1983; 112: 191–200
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teebor G.W., Frenkel K., Goldstein M.S. Ionizing radiation and tritium transmutation both cause formation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxyuridine in cellular DNA. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 1984; 81: 318–321
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frenkel K., Cummings A., Solomon J., Cadet J., Steinberg J., Teebor G.W. Quantitative determination of the 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil moiety in the DNA of γ-irradiated cells. Biochemistry 1985; 24: 4527–4533
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breimer L.H., Lindahl T. Thymine lesions produced by ionizing radiation in double-stranded DNA. Biochemistry 1985; 24: 4018–4022
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Patil M.S., Locher S.E., Hariharan P.V. Radiation-induced thymine base damage and its excision repair in active and inactive chromatin of HeLa cells. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1985; 48: 691–700
   Google Scholar
• Kasai H., Crain P.F., Kuchino Y., Nishimura S., Ootsuyama A., Tanooka H. Formation of 8-hydroxyguanine moiety in cellular DNA by agents producing oxygen radicals and evidence for its repair. Carcinogenesis 1986; 7: 1849–1851
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Furlong E.A., Jorgensen T.J., Henner W.D. Production of dihydrothymidine stereoisomers in DNA by γ-irradiation. Biochemistry 1986; 25: 4344–4349
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leadon S.A. Production and repair of DNA damage in mammalian cells. Health Physics 1990; 59: 15–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M. Chemical determination of free radical-induced damage to DNA. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 1991; 10: 225–242
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gajewski E., Rao G., Nackerdien Z., Dizdaroglu M. Modification of DNA bases in mammalian chromatin by radiation-generated free radicals. Biochemistry 1990; 29: 7876–7882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fricke H., Hart E.J. Chemical dosimetry. Radiation Dosimetry, F.H. Attix, W.C. Roesch. Academic Press, New York 1966; Vol. II: 167–239
   Google Scholar
• Burton K. Determination of DNA concentraiton with diphenylamine. Methods in Enzymology 1968; 12: 163–166
   Google Scholar
• Schneider W.C. Determination of nucleic acids in tissues by pentose analysis. Methods in Enzymology 1956; 111: 680–684
   Google Scholar
• Fuciarelli A.F., Wegher B.J., Gajewski E., Dizdaroglu M., Blakely W.F. Quantitative measurement of radiation-induced base products in DNA using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Radiation Research 1989; 119: 219–231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M. The use of capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for identification of radiation-induced DNA base damage and DNA base-ammo acid cross-links. Journal of Chromatography 1984; 295: 103–121
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M., Holwitt E., Hagan M.P., Blakely W.F. Formation of cytosine glycol and 5,6-dihydroxycytosine in deoxyribonucleic acid on treatment with osmium tetroxide. Biochemical Journal 1986; 235: 531–536
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of free radical-induced products of pyrrolidines and purines in DNA. Methods in Enzymology 1990; 193: 842–857
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M. Application of capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to chemical characterization of radiation-induced base damage in DNA: Implications for assessing DNA repair processes. Analytical Biochemistry 1985; 144: 593–603
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M., Bergtold D.S. Characterization of free radical-induced base damage in DNA at biologically relevant levels. Analytical Biochemistry 1986; 156: 182–188
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mee L.K., Adelstein S.J. Radiolysis of chromatin extracted from cultured mammalian cells: formation of DNA-protein cross-links. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1979; 36: 259–366
   Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M., Gajewski E. Selected-ion mass spectrometry: assays of oxidative DNA damage. Methods in Enzymology 1990; 186: 530–544
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nackerdien Z., Kasprzak K.S., Rao G., Halliwell B., Dizdaroglu M. Nickel(II)- and cobalt(II)-dependent damage by hydrogen peroxide to the DNA bases in isolated human chromatin. Cancer Research 1991; 51: 5837–5842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roti Roti J.L., Stein G.S., Cerutti P.A. Reactivity of thymine to γ-rays in HeLa chromatin and nucleoprotein preparations. Biochemistry 1974; 13: 1900–1905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mee L.K., Adelstein S.J., Stein G. Radiolysis of chromatin extracted from cultured mammalian cells: production of alkali-labile strand damage in DNA. International Journal of Radiation Biology 1978; 33: 443–455
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heussen C., Nackerdien Z., Smit B., Böhm L. Irradiation damage in chromatin isolated from V-79 Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. Radiation Research 1987; 110: 84–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Warters R.L., Lyons B.W. Detection of ionizing radiation-induced DNA double strand breaks by filter elution is affected by nuclear chromatin structure. Radiation Research 1990; 124: 309–316
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ljungman M. The influence of chromatin structure on the frequency of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks: a study using nuclear and nucleoid monolayers. Radiation Research 1991; 126: 58–64
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dizdaroglu M., Nackerdien Z., Chao B.-C., Gajewski E., Rao G. Chemical nature of in vivo DNA base damage in hydrogen peroxide-treated mammalian cells. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 1991; 285: 388–390
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward J.F., Blakely W.F., Joner E.I. Mammalian cells are not killed by DNA single-strand breaks caused by hydroxyl radicals from hydrogen peroxide. Radiation Research 1985; 103: 383–392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee A. Interaction of ionizing radiation with matter. Radiation Chemistry, Principles and Applications, M.A.J. Farhataziz, Rodgers. VCH Publishers, New York 1987; 1–28
   Google Scholar
• Shaw A. A., Voituriez L., Cadet J., Gregoli S., Symons M.C. Identification of the products resulting from the direct effect of γ-radiation on thymidine. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1988; II: 1303–1307
   Google Scholar
• Deeble D.J., Schuchmann M.N., Steenken S., von Sonntag C. Direct evidence for the formation of thymine radical cations from the reaction of SO4- with thymine derivatives: a pulse radiolysis study with optical and conductance detection. Journal of Physical Chemistry 1990; 94: 8186–8192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steenken S. Purine bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides: Aqueous solution redox chemistry and transformation reactions of their radical cations and e and OH adducts. Chemical Reviews 1989; 89: 503–520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angelov D., Berger M., Cadet J., Getoff N., Keskinova E., Solar S. Comparison of the effects of high power U.V.laser pulses and ionizing radiation on nucleic acids and related compounds. Radiation Physics Chemistry 1991; 37: 717–727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joenje H. Genetic toxicology of oxygen. Mutation Research 1989; 219: 193–208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wallace S.S. The biological consequences of oxidized DNA bases. The British Journal of Cancer 1987; 55: 118–125, (Suppl. VIII)
   Google Scholar
• Hayes R.C., Petrullo L.A., Huang H., Wallace S.S., LeClerc J.E. Oxidative damage in DNA. Lack of mutagenicity by thymine glycol lesions. Journal of Molecular Biology 1988; 201: 239–246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basu A.K., Loechler E.L., Leadon S.A., Essigmann J.M. Genetic effects of thymine glycol: site-specific mutagenesis and molecular modeling studies. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 1989; 86: 7677–7681
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood M.L., Dizdaroglu M., Gajewski E., Essigmann J.M. Mechanistic studies of ionizing radiation and oxidative mutagenesis: genetic effects of single 8-hydroxyguanine (7-hydro-8-oxogua-nine) residue inserted at a unique site in a viral genome. Biochemistry 1990; 29: 7024–7032
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moriya M., Ou C., Bodepudi V., Johnson F., Takeshita M., Grollman A.P. Site-specific mutagenesis using a gapped duplex vector: a study of translesion synthesis past 8-oxodeoxyguanosine in. E. coli. Mutation Research 1991; 254: 281–288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheng K.C., Cahill D.S., Kasai H., Nishimura S., Loeb L.A. 8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G → T and A → C substitutions. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1992; 267: 166–172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar