References
- Arunan E, Desiraju GR, Klein RA, et al. (2011). Defining the hydrogen bond: an account (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure Appl Chem 83:1619–36
- Bannwarth B, Netter P, Lapicque F. (1991). Tenoxicam concentrations in synovium and joint cartilage in humans. Agents Actions Suppl 32:295–8
- Barrow GM. (1956). The nature of hydrogen bonded ion-pairs: the reaction of pyridine and carboxylic acids in chloroform. J Am Chem Soc 78:5802–6
- Barry BW. (2001). Novel mechanisms and devices to enable successful transdermal drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Sci 14:101–14
- Barthel J, Deser R. (1994). FTIR study of ion solvation and ion-pair formation in alkaline and alkaline earth metal salt solutions in acetonitrile. J Sol Chem 23:1133–46
- Cheong HA, Choi HK. (2003). Effect of ethanolamine salts and enhancers on the percutaneous absorption of piroxicam from a pressure sensitive adhesive matrix. Eur J Pharm Sci 18:149–53
- Chinese Pharmacopoeia. (2005). National Pharmacopoeia Committee. Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China [M]. Part 2. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press (Appendix 177)
- Dominkus M, Nicolakis M, Kotz R. (1996). Comparison of tissue and plasma levels of ibuprofen after oral and topical administration. Arzneimittel Forsch 46:1138–43
- Fang L, Numajiri S, Kobayashi D, Morimoto Y. (2003). The use of complexation with alkanolamines to facilitate skin permeation of mefenamic acid. Int J Pharm 262:13–22
- Firestein GS. (2003). Evolving concepts of rheumatoid arthritis. Nature 423:356–61
- Habeeb MM. (1997). Spectroscopic studies of proton transfer equilibria in hydrogen bonded complexes. Appl Spectrosc Rev 32:103–40
- Hatanaka T, Kamon T, Morigaki S, et al. (2000). Ion pair skin transport of a zwitterionic drug, cephalexin. J Control Release 66:63–71
- Hudson RA, Scott RM, Vinogradov SN. (1972). Hydrogen-bonded complex-ion-pair equilibriums in 3,4-dinitrophenol-amine-aprotic solvent systems. J Phys Chem 76:1989–93
- Ichikawa T, Sato H, Kaira K, et al. (2008). Prolonged intrahepatic cholestasis after exposure to loxoprofen. Clin Therap 30:2402–6
- Jiang J, Quan P, Chen Y, Fang L. (2014). Mechanistic investigation and reversible effect of 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl heptanoate on the in vitro percutaneous absorption of indomethacin. Drug Deliv 21:26–33
- Jin EH, Da WL, Eun BL. (2001). Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of loxoprofen sodium given intramuscularly in animals. Arch Pharm Res 24:541–5
- Koo TS, Kim DH, Ahn SH, et al. (2005). Comparison of pharmacokinetics of loxoprofen and its active metabolites after an intravenous, intramuscular, and oral administration of loxoprofen in rats: evidence for extrahepatic metabolism. J Pharm Sci 94:2187–97
- Kotiyan P, Vavia P. (2002). Synthesis and characterization of an acrylate pressure adhesive for transdermal drug delivery. Polym Adv Technol 13:137–43
- Lapicque F, Mainard D, Gillet P. (1996). Stereoselective distribution of tiaprofenic acid in synovium and cartilage in osteoar-thritic patients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 50:283–7
- Marwah H, Garg T, Goyal AK, Rath G. (2014). Permeation enhancer strategies in transdermal drug delivery. Drug Deliv 1–15. 2014 Jul 9. [Epub ahead of print]
- Murakami T, Kawasaki T, Takemura A, et al. (2008). Identification of degradation products in loxoprofen sodium adhesive tapes by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and dynamic pressurized liquid extraction-solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 1208:164–74
- Ma X, Fang L, Guo JP, et al. (2009). Effect of counter-ions and penetration enhancers on the skin permeation of flurbiprofen. J Pharm Sci 99:1826–37
- Nakase H, Itani T, Mimura J, et al. (1999). Colonic ulceration caused by administration of loxoprofen sodium. Intern Med 38:249–51
- Pawar V, Kumar HY, Giridhar R, Yadav MR. (2014). Enhanced skin permeation of 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid by salt formation. Drug Deliv 2014 Mar 27. [Epub ahead of print]
- Radermacher J, Jentsch D, Scholl MA. (1991). Diclofenac concentrations in synovial fluid and plasma after cutaneous application in inflammatory and degenerative joint disease. Br J Clin Pharmacol 31:537–41
- Richard OD, Francis H, Vial J. (1995). Naproxen concentrations in plasma and synovial fluid and effects on prostanoid concentrations. J Rheumatol 22:2295–303
- Richard OD, Andrew JM, Garry GG, Kenneth MW. (1999). Pharmacokinetics of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in synovial fluid. Clin Pharmacokinet 36:191–201
- Tan HS, Pfister WR. (1999). Pressure-sensitive adhesives for transdermal drug delivery systems. Pharm Sci Technol Today 2:60–9
- Xi HL, Cun DM, Wang ZY, Shang L. (2012). Effect of the stability of hydrogen-bonded ion pairs with organic amines on transdermal penetration of teriflunomide. Int J Pharm 436:857–61
- Xi HL, Cun DM, Xiang RW, et al. (2013). Intra-articular drug delivery from an optimized topical patch containing teriflunomide and lornoxicam for rheumatoid arthritis treatment: does the topical patch really enhance a local treatment? J Control Release 169:73–81