Substance Misuse and Related Infectious Diseases in a Soup Kitchen Population

References

• Acorn S. Mental and physical health of homeless persons who use emergency shelters in Vancouver. Hosp. Community Psychiatry 1993; 44(9)854–857
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alderman E. M., Shapiro A., Spigland I., Coupey S. M., Bashir M., Fox A. S. Are there risk factors for hepatitis B infection in inner-city adolescents that justify prevaccination screening?. J. Adolesc. Health 1998; 22(5)389–393
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Alter M. J., Mast E. E. The epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the United States. Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. 1994; 23: 437–455
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold W. R1A analysis of head hair for narcotics and substitutes. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 1986; 24(10)797–798
   Google Scholar
• Baum A. S., Burnes D. W. A Nation in Denial: The Truth about Homelessness. Westview Press, Boulder, CO 1993
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner W., Hill V. Hair analysis for organic analytes: Methodology, reliability issues, and field studies. Drug Testing in Hair., P. Kintz. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1995
   Google Scholar
• Beasley R. P. Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 1988; 61: 1942–1956
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bond L., Semaan S. At risk for HIV infection: Incarcerated women in a county jail in Philadelphia. Women's Health 1996; 24(4)27–45
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowersox J. A. Study reveals widespread drug abuse among Washington, D.C., homeless. NIDA Notes 1994; 9(4)12–13
   Google Scholar
• Bray R. M., Marsden M. E. Drug Use in Metropolitan America. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA 1999
   Google Scholar
• Brudney K., Dobk J. Resurgent tuberculosis in New York City: Human immunodeficiency virus, homelessness, and the decline of tuberculosis control programs. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1991; 144(4)745–749
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carruthers S. J., Loxley W. M., Phillips M., Bevan J. S. The Australian study of HIV and injecting drug use: Part II: Predicting exposure to hepatitis C and hepatitis B. Drug Alcohol Rev. 1997; 16: 215–220
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Catholic Charities U. S.A. 1998, http://www.catholiccharitiesusa.org
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National HIV Serosurveillance Summary: Results through 1992. Vol. 3. US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 1994a
   Google Scholar
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reported tuberculosis in the United States, 1993. US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 1994b
   Google Scholar
• Chaisson M., Stoneburner R. L., Hildebrandt D. S., Ewing W. E. Heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 associated with the use of smokable freebase cocaine (crack). AIDS 1991; 5: 1121–1126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cone E. J. Testing human hair for drugs of abuse. I. Individual dose and time profiles of morphine and cocaine in plasma, saliva, urine and beard compared to drug-induced effects on pupils and behavior. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1990; 14: 1–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cone E. J., Yousenfnejad D., Darwin W. D., Maguire T. Testing human hair for drugs of abuse. II. Identification of unique cocaine metabolites in hair of drug abusers and evaluation of decontamination procedures. J. Anal. Toxicol. 1991; 15: 250–255
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cottler L. B., Leukefeld C. G., Hoffman J., Desmond D., Wechsberg W. M., Inciardi J. A., Compton W. M., Abdallah A. B., Cunningham-Williams R., Woodson S. Effectiveness of HIV risk-reduction initiatives among out-of-treatment non-injection drug users. J. Psychoactive Drugs 1998; 30(3)279–290
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darrow W. W., Deppe D. A., Schnable C. A., Hadler S. C., Larsen S. A. Prostitution, IV drug use and HIV infection in the United States. Aids, Drugs, and Prostitution., M. A. Plant. Routledge, London 1990
   Google Scholar
• Dehovitz J. A., Kelly P., Feldman J. Sexually transmitted diseases, sexual behavior, and cocaine use in inner-city women. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1994; 140: 1125–1134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dennis M. L., Bray R. M., Iachan R., Thornberry J. Drug use and homelessness. Drug Use in Metropolitan America, R. M. Bray, M. E. Marsden. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA 1999; 70–124
   Google Scholar
• Deren S., Beardsley M., Coyle S., Singer M. HIV serostatus and risk behaviors in a multisite sample of drug users. J. Psychoactive Drugs 1998; 30(3)239–245
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Des Jarlais D. C., Friedman S. R. HIV infection among intravenous drug users: Epidemiology and risk reduction. AIDS 1987; 1: 67–76
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Des Jarlais D. C., Perlis T., Friedman S. R., Deren S., Chapman T., Sotheran J. L., Tortu S., Beardsley M., Paone D., Torian L. V., Beatrice S. T., Debernardo E., Monterroso E., Marmor M. Declining seroprevalence in a very large HIV epidemic: Injecting drug users in New York City, 1991–1996. Am. J. Public Health 1998; 88(12)1801–1806
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devine J. A., Wright J. D. Losing the housing game. The leveling effects of substance abuse. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 1997; 67(4)618–631
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doherty M. C., Gafein R. S., Brown D., Fuller C., Vlahov D. Gender Differences in the Risk of HIV Infection among Young Adults Recently Initiated as Injection Drug Users (THE REACH I Study). Presented at the 12th World AIDS Conference. 1998
   Google Scholar
• Faruque S., Edlin B. R., McCoy C. B., Word C. O., Larsen S. A. Crack cocaine smoking and oral sores in three inner-city neighborhoods. J. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes Hum. Retroviral. 1996; 13(1)87–92
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fisher P. J., Breakey W. R. The epidemiology of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders among homeless persons. Am. J. Orthopsychiatry 1991; 67(4)618–631
   Google Scholar
• Food for Survival. Directory of New York City Emergency Food Programs. Food for Survival, New York, NY 1998
   Google Scholar
• Franchesin A., Morosini L., Dellana L. Detection of morphine in hair with Abbott TDX. Clin. Chem. 1987; 33: 21–25
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Friedman S. R., Jose B., Deren S., Des Jarlais D. C., Neaigus A. Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion among out-of-treatment drug injectors in high and low seroprevalence cities. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1995; 142(8)864–874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fullilove R. E., Fullilove M. T., Bowser B. P., Cross S. A. Risk of sexually transmitted disease among Black adolescent crack users in Oakland and San Francisco, California. JAMA 1990; 263: 851–855
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Genser S. G., Ratner M. J. Sex-for-Crack as An AIDS Risk Behavior. Presented at the VIII International Conference on Aids, Amsterdam, 1992, (abstract)
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg J., Schnell D., Conlon R. Behaviors of crack cocaine users and their impact on early syphilis intervention. Sex. Transmitted Dis. 1992; 19: 346–250
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hwang S. W., Orav E. J., O'connell J. J., Lebow J. M., Brennan T. A. Causes of death in homeless adults in Boston. Ann. Intern. Med. 1997; 126(8)625–628
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inciardi J. A., Lockwood D., Pottieger A. E. Women and Crack Cocaine. Macmillan, New York, NY 1993
   Google Scholar
• Inciardi J., Pottieger A. E. Drug use and street crime in Miami: An (almost) twenty-year retrospective. Substance Use Misuse 1998; 33(9)1839–1870
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ishiyama I., Nagai T., Toshida S. Detection of basic drugs (methamphetamine, antidepressants, and nicotine) from human hair. J. Forensic Sci. 1983; 28(2)380–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson T. P. Alcohol and drug use among displaced persons: An overview. Substance Use Misuse 1996; 31(13)1853–1889
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joseph H. Substance abuse and homelessness within the inner cities. Substance Abuse. A Comprehensive Textbook, J. Lowinson. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD 1992; 875–889
   Google Scholar
• Kahn M. W., Hannah M., Kirkland S., Lesnik S., Clemens C., Chatel D. Substance misuse, emotional disturbance, and dual diagnosis in a meal-line population of mixed ethnicity. Int. J. Addict. 1992; 27(3)317–330
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kelen G. D., Green G. B., Purcell R. H., Chan D. W., Qaqish B. F., Sivertson K., Quinn T. C. Hepatitis b and hepatitis c in emergency department patients. New Engl. J. Med. 1992; 326: 1399–1404
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klee H., et al. Factors associated with risk behaviour among injecting drug users. J. AIDS Care 1990; 2(2)133–145
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Krahn M., Guasparini R., Sherman M., Detsky A. S. Costs and cost-effectiveness of a universal, school-based hepatitis-B vaccination program. Am. J. Public Health 1998; 88(11)1638–1644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lebow J. M., O'connell J. O., Oddleifson S., Gallagher K. M., Seage G R., 3rd, Freedberg K. A. AIDS among the homeless of Boston: A cohort study. J. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes Hum. Retrovirol. 1995; 8: 292–296
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lehman J. S., Allen D. M., Green T. A., Onorato I. M. HIV infection among non-injecting drug users entering drug treatment, United States, 1989–1992. AIDS 1994; 8: 1465–1469, Field Services Branch
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loxley W. M., Phillips M., Carruthers S. J., Rev An J. S. The Australian study of HIV and injecting drug use. Part I: Prevalence for HIV, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among injecting drug users in four Australian cities. Drug Alcohol Rev. 1997; 16: 207–214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magura S., Freeman R., Siddiqi Q., Lipton D. S. The validity of hair analysis for detecting cocaine and heroin use among addicts. Int. J. Addict. 1992; 27(1)54–69
   Google Scholar
• Magura S., Kang S.-Y. Validity of self-reported drug use in high risk populations: A meta-analytical review. Substance Use Misuse 1996; 31(9)1131–1153
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magura S., Kang S. Y., Shapiro J. L. HIV risk among women injecting drug users who are in jail. Addiction 1993; 88: 1351–1360
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magura S., Kang S. Y., Shapiro J. L. Measuring cocaine use by hair analysis among criminally-involved youth. J. Drug Issues 1995; 25(4)683–701
   Google Scholar
• Martz R. The identification of cocaine in hair by GC/MS and MS/MS. Crime Lab Dig. 1988; 15(3)66–73
   Google Scholar
• Mieczkowski T., Sunshine I. Drug Testing Methods: Assessment and Evaluation. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1999
   Google Scholar
• Möller M. Drug detection in hair by chromatographic procedures. J. Chromatogr. 1992; 580: 125–134
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Reports (MMWR). Guidelines for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus to health-care and public safety workers. 1989; 38, (Suppl. S-6)
   Google Scholar
• Nardell E., McInnis B., Thonas B., Weidhaas S. Exogenous reinfection with tuberculosis in a shelter for the homeless. New Engl. J. Med. 1986; 315: 1570–1575
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA outreach demonstration projects provide insight into AIDS risk behaviors. NIDA Notes 1989; 4: 1–9
   Google Scholar
• New York City Commission for the Homeless. 1992, Unpublished data
   Google Scholar
• New York State Department of Health. AIDS in New York Slate through 1993. New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 1994
   Google Scholar
• New York State Department of Health. AIDS Surveillance Update, 2nd Quarter. 1995. Office of AIDS Surveillance, Albany, NY 1995
   Google Scholar
• Perlman D. C., Salomon N., Perkins M. P., Yancovitz S., Paone D., Des Jarlais D. C. Tuberculosis in drug users. Clin. Infect. Dis. 1995; 21: 1253–1264
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pinto J. A., Ruff A. J., Paiva J. V., Antunes C. M., Adams I. K., Halsey N. A., Greco D. B. HIV risk behavior and medical status of underprivileged youths in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. J. Adolesc. Health 1994; 15(2)179–185
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Porto S. O., Cardoso D. D., Queiroz D. A., Rosa H., Andrade A. L., Zicker F., Martelli C. M. Prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection among street youth in central Brazil. J. Adolesc. Health 1994; 15(7)577–581
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Puschel K., Thomasch P., Arnold W. Opiate levels in hair. Forensic Sci. Int. 1983; 21: 181–186
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Quinn T. C., Cannon R. O., Glasser D. The association of syphilis with risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in patients attending sexual transmitted diseases clinics. Arch. Intern. Med. 1990; 150: 1297–1302
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rahav M., Nuttbrock L., Rivera J. J., Link B. G. HIV infection risks among homeless, mentally ill, chemical misusing men. Substance Use Misuse 1998; 33(6)1407–1426
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rollins D. E., Wilkins D. G., Krueger G. G. Codeine disposition in human hair after single and multiple doses. Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 1996; 50: 391–397
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schilling R. F., El-Bassel N., Gilbert L. Drug use and AIDS risk in a soup kitchen population. Soc: Work 1992; 37(4)353–358
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmidt L., Weisner C., Wiley J. Substance abuse and the course of welfare dependency. Am. J. Public Health 1988; 88(11)1616–1622
   Google Scholar
• Schoenbaum E. E., Hartel D., Selwyn P. A., Klein R. S., Davenny K., Rogers M., Feiner C., Friedland G. Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection in intravenous drug uses. New Engl. J. Med. 1989; 321: 874–879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Second Harvest. Hunger: The Faces and Facts, 1997. Second Harvest, Chicago, IL 1997
   Google Scholar
• Seidman S. N., Sterk-Elifson C., Aral S. O. High-risk behavior among drug-using men. Sex. Transmitted Dis. 1994; 21(3)173–180
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith F. P., Liu R. H. Detection of cocain metabolite in perspiration stain, menstrual bloodstain and hair. J. Forensic Sci. 1986; 31(4)1269–1273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soto B., Rodrigo L., Garcia-Bengoechae M., Sanchez-Quijano A., Riestra S., Arena J. I., Andreu J., Rodriquez M., Emparanza J. I., Torres Y., Navascues C. A., Cortes A., Lissen E. Heterosexual transmission of hepatitis C virus and the possible role of coexistent hitman immunodeficiency virus infection in the index case. A multicentre study of 423 pairings. J. Intern. Med. 1994; 236: 515–519
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spinner G. F., Leaf P. J. Homelessness and drug-abuse in New Haven. Hosp. Community Psychiatry 1992; 43(2)166–168
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Susser E., Struening E. L., Conover S. Psychiatric problems in homeless men: Lifetime psychosis, substance abuse, and current distress in new arrivals at New York City shelters. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 1989; 46(9)845–850
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Susser E., Valencia E., Conover S. Prevalence of HIV infection among psychiatric patients in New York City men's shelter. Am. J. Public Health 1993; 83: 568–570
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Susser E., Valencia E., Miller M., Tsai W-Y., Meyer-Bahlburg H., Conover S. Sexual behavior of homeless mentally ill men at risk for HIV. Am. J. Psychiatry 1995; 152(4)583–587
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki O., Hattori H., Asano M. Detection of methamphetamine and amphetamine in a single human hair by gas chromatography/chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 1984; 29: 611–617
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thomas D. L., Cannon R. O., Shapiro C. M., Hook E. W., Alter M. J., Quinn T. C. Hepatitis C., hepatitis B., and human immunodeficiency virus infections among non-intravenous drug-using patients attending clinics for sexually transmitted diseases. J. Infect. Dis. 1994; 169: 990–995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tims F. M., Leukefeld C. G. Treatment of cocaine abusers: Issues and perspectives. Cocaine Treatment: Research and Clinical Perspectives, F. M. Tims, C. G. Leukefeld. National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD 1993, NIDA Research Monograph 135
   Google Scholar
• Us General Accounting Office. Drug Use Measurement: Strengths, Limitations and Recommendations for Improvement. US General Accounting Office, Washington, DC 1993
   Google Scholar
• Wang E. E., King S., Goldberg E., Bock B., Milner R., Read S. Hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infection in street youths in Toronto, Canada. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 1991; 10(2)130–133
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Washton A. M., Stone-Washton N. Outpatient treatment of cocaine and crack addiction: A clinical perspective. Cocaine Treatment: Research and Clinical Perspectives, F. M. Tims, C. G. Leukefeld. National Institute on Drug Abuse), Rockville, MD 1993, NIDA Research Monograph 135
   Google Scholar
• Wasserheit J. N. Epidemiological synergy: Interrelationships between human immunodeficiency virus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases. Sex. Transmitted Dis. 1992; 19(2)61–77
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson T. E., Minkoff H., Dehovitz J., Feldman J., Landesman S. The relationship of cocaine use and human immunodeficiency virus serostatus to incident sexually transmitted diseases among women. Sex. Transmitted Dis. 1998; 25(2)70–75
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zolopa A. R., Hahn J. A., Gorter R., Miranda J., Wlodarczyk D., Peterson J., Pilote L., Moss A. R. HIV and tuberculosis infection in San Francisco's homeless adults. JAMA 1994; 272(6)455–161
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar