3,611
Views
113
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

Mindfulness-Based Treatment to Prevent Addictive Behavior Relapse: Theoretical Models and Hypothesized Mechanisms of Change

, , , , &

REFERENCES

  • Alcoholics Anonymous World Services. (1952). Twelve steps and twelve traditions. New York, NY: A. A. Grapevine, Inc.
  • Baer, R. A. (2011). Measure mindfulness. Contemporary Buddhism, 12(1), 241–261.
  • Baekland, F., & Lundwall, L. (1975). Dropping out of treatment: A critical review. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 738–783.
  • Baer, R. A., Smith, G. T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13, 27–45.
  • Biegel, B. M., Brown, K. W., Shapiro, S. L., & Shubert, C. M. (2009). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for the treatment of adolescent psychiatric outpatients: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting Clinical Psychology, 77(5), 855–866.
  • Black, D. S., Milam, J., & Sussman, S. (2009). Sitting-meditation interventions among youth: A review of treatment efficacy. Pediatrics, 124(3), e523–e541.
  • Black, D. S., Sussman, S., Johnson, C. A., & Milam, J. (2012a). Testing the indirect effect of trait mindfulness on adolescent cigarette smoking through negative affect and perceived stress mediators. Journal of Substance Use, 17(5–6), 417–429.
  • Black, D. S., Sussman, S., Johnson, C., & Milam, J. (2012b). Trait mindfulness helps shield decision-making from translating into health-risk behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 51(6), 588–592.
  • Bowen, S., Witkiewitz, K., Dillworth, T. M., & Marlatt, G. A. (2007). The role of thought suppression in the relation between mindfulness meditation and alcohol use. Addictive Behaviors, 32(10), 2324–2328.
  • Bowen, S., & Marlatt, G. A. (2009). Surfing the urge: Brief mindfulness-based intervention for college student smokers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 23(4), 666–671.
  • Bowen, S., Chawla, N., & Marlatt, G. A. (2010). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for substance use disorders: A clinician's guide. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Bowen, S., Chawla, N., Collins, S. E., Witkiewitz, K., Hsu, S., Grow, J., … Marlatt, G. A. (2009). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for substance use disorders: A pilot efficacy trial. Substance Abuse, 30(4), 295–305. doi:10.1080/ 08897070903250084.
  • Bowen, S., Witkiewitz, K., Dillworth, T. M., Chawla, N., Simpson, T. L., Ostafin, B. D., … Marlatt, G. A. (2006). Mindfulness meditation and substance use in an incarcerated population. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 20(3), 343–347. doi:10.1037/0893–164X.20.3.343.
  • Brazier, D. (1997). The feeling Buddha. UK: Constable & Robinson.
  • Brewer, J. A., Bowen, S., Smith, J. T., Marlatt, G. A., & Potenza, M. N. (2010). Mindfulness-based treatments for co-occurring depression and substance use disorders: What can we learn from the brain? Addiction, 105, 1698–1706.
  • Brewer, J. A., Elwafi, H. M., & Davis, J. H. (2013). Craving to quit: Psychological models and neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness training as treatment for addictions. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27, 366–379.
  • Brewer, J. A., Mallik, S., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Johnson, H. E., Deleone, C. M., … Rounsaville, B. J. (2011). Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 119, 72–80.
  • Brewer, J. A., Sinha, R., Chen, J. A., Michalsen, R. N., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., … Rounsaville, B. J. (2009). Mindfulness training and stress reactivity in substance abuse: Results from a randomized, controlled stage I pilot study. Substance Abuse, 30, 306–317.
  • Chadwick, P. L., Newman Taylor, K., & Abba, N. (2005). Mindfulness groups for people with psychosis. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 33(3), 351–359.
  • Chiesa, A., & Serretti, A. (2013). Are mindfulness-based interventions effective for substance use disorders? A systematic review of the evidence. Substance Use & Misuse.
  • Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. A. (1983). Global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health, Society, and Behavior, 24, 385–396.
  • Connors, G. F., Maisto, S. A., & Zwyiak, W. H. (1996). Understanding relapse in the broader context of post-treatment functioning. Addiction, 91 (Suppl.), 173–190.
  • Davis, L. W., Strasburger, A. M., & Brown, L. F. (2007). Mindfulness: An intervention for anxiety in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 45(11), 23–29.
  • Douglas, H. A. C., Shilling, E., Reaves, D., & Lustyk, M. K. B. (2013). Women and addiction: Exploring the roles of psychology and hormones. In J. Marich (Ed.), Psychology of women (pp. 125–144). New York: Nova Science Publishers.
  • Dowd, E. T. (2005). Cognitive behavior therapy: Evidence and new directions. Journal of Cognitive and Behavioral Therapies, 5, 95–108.
  • Eisenlohr-Moul, T. A., Walsh, E. C., Charnigo, R. J. Jr., Lynam, D. R., & Baer, R. A. (2012). The ‘what’ and the ‘how’ of dispositional mindfulness: Using interactions among subscales of the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire to understand its relation to substance use. Assessment, 19, 276–286.
  • Elwafi, H. M., Witkiewitz, K., Mallik, S., & Brewer, J. A. (2013). Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Moderation of the relationship between craving and cigarette use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 130, 222–229. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep. 2012.11.015.
  • Flannery, B. A., Roberts, A. J., Cooney, N., Swift, R. M., Anton, R. F., & Rohsenow, D. J. (2001). The role of craving in alcohol use, dependence, and treatment. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 25, 299–308.
  • Flay, B. R., Biglan, A., Boruch, R. F., Castro, F. G., Gottfredson, D., Kellam, S., … Ji, P. (2005). Standards of evidence: Criteria for efficacy, effectiveness, and dissemination. Prevention Science, 6, 151–175.
  • Foa, E. B., & Kozak, M. J. (1986). Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin, 99, 20–35.
  • Garland, E. L., Boettiger, C. A., & Howard, M. O. (2011). Targeting cognitive-affective risk mechanisms in stress-precipitated alcohol dependence: An integrated, biopsychosocial model of allostasis, automaticity, and addiction. Medical Hypotheses, 76, 745–754.
  • Garland, E. L., Gaylord, S. A., Boettiger, C. A., & Howard, M. O. (2010). Mindfulness training modifies cognitive, affective, and physiological mechanisms implicated in alcohol dependence: Results from a randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 42(2), 177–192.
  • Goldstein, R. Z., Craig, A. D., Bechara, A., Garavan, H., Childress, A. R., Paulus, M. P., & Volkow, N. D. (2009). The neurocircuitry of impaired insight in drug addiction. Trends in cognitive sciences, 13, 372–380. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2009.06.004.
  • Gorski, T. T. (1989). Understanding the twelve steps. New York, NY: Herald House/Independence Press.
  • Grepmair, L., Mitterlehner, F., Loew, T., Bachler, E., Rother, W., & Nickel, M. (2007). Promoting mindfulness in psychotherapists in training influences the treatment results of their patients: A randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 76(6), 332–338. doi:10.1159/000107560.
  • Grossman, P., & Van Dam, N. T. (2011). Mindfulness, by any other name … : Trials and tribulations of sati in western psychology and science. Contemporary Buddhism, 12, 219–239.
  • Hanh, T. N. (1998). The heart of the Buddha's teaching: Transforming suffering into peace, joy, and liberation. New York: Broadway Books.
  • Hart, W. (1987). The art of living. NY: Harper & Row.
  • Himelstein, S., Hastings, A., Shapiro, S., & Heery, M. (2012). A qualitative investigation of the experience of a mindfulness-based intervention with incarcerated adolescents. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 17(4), 231–237.
  • Hodgins, D. C., Currie, S. R., el-Guebaly, N., & Diskin, K. (2007). Does providing extended relapse prevention bibliotherapy to problem gamblers improve outcome? Journal of Gambling Studies, 24, 41–54.
  • Hölzel, B. K., Lazar, S. W., Gard, T., Schuman-Olivier, Z., Vago, D. R., & Ott, U. (2011). How does mindfulness meditation work? Proposing mechanisms of action from a conceptual and neural perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 537–559.
  • Kabat-Zinn, J. (1990). Full catastrophe living: Using the wisdom of your body and mind to face stress, pain, and illness. New York, NY: Delacorte Press.
  • Karberg, J. C., & James, D. J. (2005). Substance dependence, abuse and treatment of jail inmates, 2002. Washington, DC: United States Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.
  • Kazdin, A. E., & Nock, M. K. (2003). Delineating mechanisms of change in child and adolescent therapy: Methodological issues and research recommendations. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 44, 1116–1129.
  • Kazdin, A. E. (2007). Mediators and mechanisms of change in psychotherapy research. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 3, 1–27.
  • Kessler, R. C., Hwang, I., LaBrie, R., Petukova, M., Sampson, N. A., Winters, K. C., & Shaffer, H. J. (2008). The prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV pathological gambling in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Psychological Medicine, 38, 1351–1360. doi:10.1017/S0033291708002900.
  • Kober, H., Kross, E. F., Mischel, W., Hart, C. L., & Ochsner, K. N. (2010). Regulation of craving by cognitive strategies in cigarette smokers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 106(1), 52–55. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.07.017.
  • Kristeller, J. L., Baer, R. A., & Quillian-Woever, R. (2006). Mindfulness-based approaches to eating disorders. In R. A. Baer (Ed.), Mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions: Conceptualizations, application and empirical support. San Diego, CA: Elsevier.
  • Ludwig, A. M., & Wikler, A. (1974). “Craving” and relapse to drink. Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 35, 108–130.
  • Maisto, S. A., & Connors, G. J. (Eds.) (2006). Relapse in the addictive behaviors. Special Issue of Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 107–232.
  • Marlatt, G. A., & Gordon, J. R. (1985). Relapse prevention: Maintenance strategies in the treatment of addictive behaviors. New York: Guilford.
  • Marrisen, M. A. E., Granken, I. H. A., Blanken, P., van den Brink, W., & Hendricks, V. M. (2005). Cue exposure therapy for opiate dependent clients. Journal of Substance Use, 10(2–3), 97–105.
  • McLellan, A. T., Lewis, D. C., O'Brien, C. P., & Kleber, H. D. (2000). Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation. JAMA, 284, 1689–1695.
  • Narcotics Anonymous World Services. (1988). Narcotics Anonymous (5th edition). Chatsworth, CA: Narcotics Anonymous World Services, Inc.
  • Narcotics Anonymous World Services. (1993). It works how and why: The twelve steps and twelve traditions of Narcotics Anonymous. Chatsworth, CA: Narcotics Anonymous World Services, Inc.
  • National Drug Intelligence Center. (2011). The economic impact of illicit drug use on American Society. Retrieved February 22, 2014, from http://www.justice.gov/archive/ndic/ pubs44/44731/44731p.pdf
  • Otto, M. W., Powers, M. B., & Fischmann, D. (2005). Emotional exposure in the treatment of substance use disorders: Conceptual model, evidence, and future directions. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 824–839.
  • Potenza, M. N. (2001). The neurobiology of pathological gambling. Seminar Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 6, 217–226.
  • Rohsenow, D. J., Monti, P. M., Rubonis, A. V., Gulliver, S. B., Colby, S. M., Binkoff, J. A., & Abrams, D. B. (2001). Cue exposure with coping skills training and communication skills training for alcohol dependence: 6- and 12-month outcomes. Addiction, 96, 1161–1174.
  • Samuelson, M., Carmody, J., Kabat-Zinn, J., & Bratt, M. A. (2007). Mindfulness-based stress reduction in Massachusetts correctional facilities. The Prison Journal, 87, 254–268
  • Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., & Teasdale, J. D. (2002). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  • Sibinga, E. M. S., Kerrigan, D., Stewart, M., Johnson, K., Magyari, T., & Ellen, J. M. (2011). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for urban youth. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 17(3), 213–218.
  • Stark, M. J., Campell, B. K., Brinkerhoff, C. V. (1990). “Hello, may we help you?” A study of attrition prevention at the time of the first phone contact with substance-abusing clients. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, l6, 67–76, doi:10.3109/00952999009001573.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2012). Results from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Findings, (NSDUH Series H-42, HHS Publication No. (SMA) 11-4667). Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.
  • Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., Ridgeway, V. A., Soulsby, J. M., & Lau, M. A. (2000). The prevention of relapse/recurrence of major depression by mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology, 68, 615–623.
  • Tiffany, S. T. (1990). A cognitive model of drug urges and drug use behavior: Role of automatic and non-automatic processes. Psychological Review, 97, 147–168.
  • Tiffany, S. T., & Drobes, D. J. (1991). The development and initial validation of a questionnaire on smoking urges. British Journal on Addictions, 86, 1467–1476.
  • Toneatto, T., Vettese, L., & Nguyen, L. (2007). The role of mindfulness in the cognitive-behavioural treatment of problem gambling. Journal of Gambling Issues, 19, 91–100.
  • Wegner, D. M., & Zanakos, S. (1994). Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality, 62, 616–640.
  • Westbrook, C., Creswell, J. D., Tabibnia, G., Julson, E., Kober, H., & Tindle, H. A. (2011). Mindful attention reduces neural and self-reported cue-induced craving in smokers. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8, 73–84. doi:10.1093/scan/nsr076.
  • Witkiewitz, K., & Bowen, S. (2010). Depression, craving, and substance use following a randomized trial of mindfulness-based relapse prevention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 78, 362–374. doi:10.1037/a0019172.
  • Witkiewitz, K., & Marlatt, G. A. (2004). Relapse prevention for alcohol and drug problems: That was Zen, this is Tao. American Psychologist, 59 (4), 224–235.
  • Witkiewitz, K., & Villarroel, N. (2009). Dynamic association between negative affect and alcohol lapses following alcohol treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 633–644.
  • Witkiewitz, K., Bowen, S., Hsu, S., & Douglas, H. (2013). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for substance craving. Addictive Behaviors, 38, 1563–1571.
  • Witkiewitz, K., Lustyk, M. K. B., & Bowen, S. (2013). Retraining the addicted brain: A review of the hypothesized neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness-based relapse prevention. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 27, 351–365.
  • Witkiewitz, K., Marlatt, G. A., & Walker, D. (2005). Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for substance use disorders. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 19(3), 211–228.
  • Witkiewitz, K., Warner, K., Sully, B., Barricks, A., Stauffer, C., Steckler, G., … Luoma, J. (in press). Randomized trial comparing mindfulness based relapse prevention with relapse prevention for women offenders at a residential addiction treatment center. Substance Use and Misuse.
  • Zgierska, A., Rabago, D., Chawla, N., Kushner, K., Koehler, R., & Marlatt, G. A. (2009). Mindfulness meditation for substance use disorders: A systematic review. Substance Abuse, 30, 266–294.
  • Zywiak, W., Connors, G. J., Maisto, S., & Westerberg, V. S. (1996). Section IIA. Replication and extension of Marlatt's taxonomy: Relapse research and the reasons for drinking questionnaire: A factor analysis of Marlatt's relapse taxonomy. Addiction, 91, s121–s130.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.