890
Views
38
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Patterns of Drug Use, Risky Behavior, and Health Status Among Persons Who Inject Drugs Living in San Diego, California: A Latent Class Analysis

, , , , , & show all

REFERENCES

  • Abdala, N., Reyes, R., Carney, J. M., & Heimer, R. (2000). Survival of HIV-1 in syringes: Effects of temperature during storage. Substance Use & Misuse, 35(10), 1369–1383. doi:10.3109/10826080009148220
  • Brouwer, K. C., Case, P., Ramos, R., Magis-Rodríguez, C., Bucardo, J., Patterson, T. L., & Strathdee, S. A. (2006). Trends in production, trafficking, and consumption of methamphetamine and cocaine in Mexico. Substance Use & Misuse, 41(5), 707–727. doi:10.1080/10826080500411478
  • Ciccarone, D. (2009). Heroin in brown, black and white: Structural factors and medical consequences in the US heroin market. International Journal of Drug Policy, 20(3), 277–282. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2008.08.003
  • Ciccarone, D., & Bourgois, P. (2003a). Explaining the geographical variation of HIV among injection drug users in the United States. Substance Use & Misuse, 38(14), 2049–2063. doi:10.1081/JA-120025125
  • Ciccarone, D., & Bourgois, P. (2003b). Explaining the geographical variation of HIV among injection drug users in the United States. Subst Use Misuse, 38(14), 2049–2063. doi:10.1081/JA-120025125
  • Coffin, P. O., Galea, S., Ahern, J., Leon, A. C., Vlahov, D., & Tardiff, K. (2003). Opiates, cocaine and alcohol combinations in accidental drug overdose deaths in New York City, 1990–98. Addiction, 98(6), 739–747. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2003.00376.x
  • Colfax, G., & Shoptaw, S. (2005). The methamphetamine epidemic: Implications for HIV prevention and treatment. Current HIV/AIDS Reports, 2(4) 194–199. doi:10.1007/s11904-005-0016-4
  • Doerrbecker, J., Behrendt, P., Mateu-Gelabert, P., Ciesek, S., Riebesehl, N., Wilhelm, C., … Steinmann, E. (2013). Transmission of hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs: Viral stability and association with drug preparation equipment. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 207(2), 281–287. doi:10.1093/infdis/jis677
  • Doerrbecker, J., Friesland, M., Ciesek, S., Erichsen, T. J., Mateu-Gelabert, P., Steinmann, J., … Steinmann, E. (2011). Inactivation and survival of hepatitis C virus on inanimate surfaces. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 204(12), 1830–1838. doi:10.1093/infdis/jir535
  • Garfein, R., Monterroso, E., Tong, T., Vlahov, D., Jarlais, D., Selwyn, P., … Holmberg, S. D. (2004). Comparison of HIV infection risk behaviors among injection drug users from East and West Coast US cities. Journal of Urban Health, 81(2), 260–267. doi:10.1093/jurban/jth112
  • Garfein, R., Rondinelli, A., Barnes, R. W., Cuevas, J., Metzner, M., Velasquez, M., … Teshale, E. H. (2012). HCV infection prevalence lower than expected among 18–40-year-old injection drug users in San Diego, CA. Journal of Urban Health, 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11524-012-9728-0
  • Gibson, W. A. (1959). Three multivariate models: Factor analysis, latent structure analysis, and latent profile analysis. Psychometrika, 24, 229–252.
  • Green, T. C., Kershaw, T., Lin, H., Heimer, R., Goulet, J. L., Kraemer, K. L., … Justice, A. C. (2010). Patterns of drug use and abuse among aging adults with and without HIV: A latent class analysis of a US Veteran cohort. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 110(3), 208–220. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.020
  • Hagenaars, J. A., & McCutcheon, A. L. (2002). Applied latent class analysis. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
  • Harrell, P. T., Mancha, B. E., Petras, H., Trenz, R. C., & Latimer, W. W. (2012). Latent classes of heroin and cocaine users predict unique HIV/HCV risk factors. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 122(3), 220–227. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.10.001
  • Hunt, G., Evans, K., Moloney, M., & Bailey, N. (2009). Combining different substances in the dance scene: Enhancing pleasure, managing risk and timing effects. Journal of Drug Issues, 39(3), 495–522. doi:10.1177/002204260903900303
  • Jose, B., Friedman, S. R., Neaigus, A., Curtis, R., Grund, J. P., Goldstein, M. F., … Des Jarlais, D. C. (1993). Syringe-mediated drug-sharing (backloading): a new risk factor for HIV among injecting drug users. AIDS (London, England), 7(12), 1653–1660.
  • Koester, S., Glanz, J., & Barón, A. (2005). Drug sharing among heroin networks: Implications for HIV and hepatitis B and C prevention. AIDS and Behavior, 9(1), 27–39. doi:10.1007/s10461-005-1679-y
  • Kral, A. H., Bluthenthal, R. N., Lorvick, J., Gee, L., Bacchetti, P., & Edlin, B. R. (2001). Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injection drug users in San Francisco, USA: risk-factor analysis. The Lancet, 357(9266), 1397–1401. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04562-1
  • Kuramoto, S. J., Bohnert, A. S. B., & Latkin, C. A. (2011). Understanding subtypes of inner-city drug users with a latent class approach. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 118(2–3), 237–243. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.030
  • Lakenau, S. E., & Clatts, M. C. (2005). Patterns of polydrug use among ketamine injectors in New York city. Substance Use & Misuse, 40(9–10), 1381–1397.
  • Lanza, S. T., Dziak, J. J., Huang, L., Wagner, A., & Collins, L. M. (2012). PROC LCA & PROC LTA users’ guide (Version 1.3.0). Retrieved November 5, 2013, from http://methodology.psu.edu
  • McCuthcheon, A. L. (1987). Latent class analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Mirin, S. M., Meyer, R. E., Mendelson, J. H., & Ellingboe, J. (1980). Opiate use and sexual function. American Journal of Psychiatry, 137, 909–915.
  • Monga, N., Rehm, J., Fischer, B., Brissette, S., Bruneau, J., El-Guebaly, N., … Bahl, S. (2007). Using latent class analysis (LCA) to analyze patterns of drug use in a population of illegal opioid users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 88(1), 1–8. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.029
  • Ochoa, K. C., Davidson, P. J., Evans, J. L., Hahn, J. A., Page-Shafer, K., & Moss, A. R. (2005). Heroin overdose among young injection drug users in San Francisco. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 80(3), 297–302. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.04.012
  • Patra, J., Fischer, B., Maksimowska, S., & Rehm, J. (2009). Profiling poly-substance use typologies in a multi-site cohort of illicit opioid and other drug users in Canada–a latent class analysis. Addiction Research & Theory, 17(2), 168–185. doi:10.1080/16066350802372827
  • Ramaswamy, V., DeSarbo, W. S., Reibstein, D. J., & Robinson, W. T. (1993). An empirical pooling approach for estimating marketing mix elasticities with PIMS data. Marketing Science, 12, 103–124.
  • Rosenblum D., Castrillo, F., Bourgois, P., Mars, S., Karandinos, G., Unick, G., & Ciccarone, D. (2013). Urban segregation and the US heroin market: A quantitative model of anthropological hypotheses from an inner-city drug market. [Journal article]. International Journal of Drug Policy, 18(13), 00237–00235.
  • Rosenblum, D., Unick, G. J., & Ciccarone, D. (2014). The entry of Colombian-sourced heroin into the US market: The relationship between competition, price, and purity. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25(1), 88–95.
  • Seal, K. H., Kral, A. H., Gee, L., Moore, L. D., Bluthenthal, R. N., Lorvick, J., & Edlin, B. R. (2001). Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in the San Francisco Bay Area, 1998–1999. American Journal of Public Health, 91(11), 1842–1846. doi:10.2105/ajph.91.11.1842
  • Shukla, R. K., Crump, J. L., & Chrisco, E. S. (2012). An evolving problem: Methamphetamine production and trafficking in the United States. International Journal of Drug Policy, 23(6), 426–435. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2012.07.004
  • Sporer, K. A., & Kral, A. H. (2007). Prescription naloxone: A novel approach to heroin overdose prevention. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 49(2), 172–177. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2006.05.025
  • Strathdee, S. A., Galai, N., Safaiean, M., Celentano, D. D., Vlahov, D., Johnson, L., & Nelson, K. E. (2001). Sex differences in risk factors for hiv seroconversion among injection drug users: A 10-year perspective. Archives of Internal Medicine, 161(10), 1281–1288. doi:10.1001/archinte.161.10.1281
  • Trenz, R. C., Scherer, M., Duncan, A., Harrell, P. T., Moleko, A. G., & Latimer, W. W. (2013). Latent class analysis of polysubstance use, sexual risk behaviors, and infectious disease among South African drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 132(3), 441–448. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.004
  • Vermunt, J. K. (2010). Latent class modeling with covariates: Two improved three-step approaches. Political Analysis, 18(4), 450–469.
  • Wu, L. T., Ling, W., Burchett, B., Blazer, D. G., Yang, C., Pan, J. J., … Woody, G. E. (2011). Use of item response theory and latent class analysis to link poly-substance use disorders with addiction severity, HIV risk, and quality of life among opioid-dependent patients in the Clinical Trials Network. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 118(2–3), 186–193. doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.03.018

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.