Depression and Substance Use: A Temporal-Ordered Model

REFERENCES

• Aneshensel, C. S. (1992). Social stress theory and research. Annual Review of Sociology, 18, 15–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bizzarri, J. V., Rucci, P., Sbrana, A., Miniati, M., Raimondi, F., Ravani, L., …, Cassano, G. B. (2009). Substance use in severe mental illness: Self-medication and vulnerability factors. Psychiatry Research, 165(1–2), 88–95. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2007.10.009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brady, K. T., & Sinha, R. (2005). Co-occurring mental and substance use disorders: The neurobiological effects of chronic stress. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(8), 1483–1493. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1483
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckley, P. F. (2006). Prevalence and consequences of the dual diagnosis of substance abuse and severe mental illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 5–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carr, D., & Springer, K. W. (2010). Advances in families and health research in the 21st century. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72(3), 743–761. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00728.x
   Google Scholar
• Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Cannon, M., McClay, J., Murray, R., Harrington, H., …, Craig, I. W. (2005). Moderation of the effect of adolescent-onset cannabis use on adult psychosis by a functional polymorphism in the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene: Longitudinal evidence of a gene X environment interaction. Biological Psychiatry, 57(10), 1117–1127. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.01.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chilcoat, H. D., & Breslau, N. (1998). Post-traumatic stress disorder and drug disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55, 913–917.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Costello, E. J., Mustillo, S., Erkanli, A., Keeler, G., & Angold, A. (2003). Prevalence and development of psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(8), 837–844. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.837
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crum, R. M., & Pratt, L. A. (2001). Risk of heavy drinking and alcohol use disorders in social phobia: A prospective analysis. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(10), 1693–1700. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.10.1693
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edlund, M. J., & Harris, K. M. (2006). Perceived effectiveness of medications among mental health service users with and without alcohol dependence. Psychiatric Services, 57(5), 692–699. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.57.5.692
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Encrenaz, G., Kovess-Masfety, V., Sapinho, D., Chee, C. C., & Messiah, A. (2007). Utilization of mental health services and risk of 12-month problematic alcohol use. American Journal of Health Behavior, 31(4), 392–401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farris, C., Brems, C., Johnson, M. E., Wells, R., Burns, R., & Kletti, N. (2003). A comparison of schizophrenic patients with or without coexisting substance use disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly, 74(3), 205–222. doi:10.1023/a:1024162819540
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finkel, S. E. (1995). Causal analysis with panel data. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, K. M., & Edlund, M. J. (2005). Self-medication of mental health problems: New evidence from a national survey. Health Services Research, 40(1), 117–134.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgins, D. C., el-Guebaly, N., Armstrong, S., & Dufour, M. (1999). Implications of depression on outcome from alcohol dependence: A 3-year prospective follow-up. Alcoholism –Clinical and Experimental Research, 23(1), 151–157. doi:10.1097/00000374-199901000-00022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• House, J. S., Landis, K. R., & Umberson, D. (1988). Social relationships and health. Science, 241(4865), 540–545.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jane-Llopis, E., & Matytsina, I. (2006). Mental health and alcohol, drugs and tobacco: A review of the comorbidity between mental disorders and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. Drug and Alcohol Review, 25(6), 515–536. doi:10.1080/09595230600944461
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, N. J., Backlund, E., Sorlie, P. D., & Loveless, C. A. (2000). Marital status and mortality: The National Longitudinal Mortality Study. Annals of Epidemiology, 10(4), 224–238. doi:10.1016/s1047-2797(99)00052-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanny, D., Liu, Y., & Brewer, R. D. (2011). Binge drinking –United States, 2009. In Morbidity and mortality weekly report (ed.), CDC health disparities and inequalities report –United States, 2011 (pp. 101–104), vol. 60. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
   Google Scholar
• Kendler, K. S., Prescott, C. A., Myers, J., & Neale, M. C. (2003). The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for common psychiatric and substance use disorders in men and women. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60(9), 929–937. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.9.929
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessler, R. C. (2004). The epidemiology of dual diagnosis. Biological Psychiatry, 56(10), 730–737. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.034
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khantzian, E. J. (1985). The self-medication hypothesis of addictive disorders: Focus on heroin and cocaine dependence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142(11), 1259–1264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khantzian, E. J. (1997). The self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders: A reconsideration and recent applications. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 4(5), 231–244. doi:10.3109/10673229709030550
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kushner, M. G., Sher, K. J., & Erickson, D. J. (1999). Prospective analysis of the relation between DSM-III anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(5), 723–732.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagoni, L., Crawford, E., & Huss, M. T. (2011). An examination of the self-medication hypothesis via treatment completion. Addiction Research & Theory, 19(5), 416–426. doi:10.3109/16066359.2010.525332
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lembke, A. (2012). Time to abandon the self-medication hypothesis in patients with psychiatric disorders. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 38(6), 524–529. doi:10.3109/00952990.2012.694532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C. (2003). An application of social conflict theory to arrestees use of cocaine and opiates. Journal of Drug Issues, 33(1), 237–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C., Cheng, T. C., & Howell, R. J. (2014). Access to and utilization of health services as pathway to racial disparities in serious mental illness. Community Mental Health Journal, 50(3), 251–257. doi:10.1007/s10597-013-9593-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C., Howell, R. J., & Cheng, T. C. (2012). Problem drinking by race and nativity: What is learned from social structural and mental health-related data of US born and immigrant respondents? American Journal on Addictions, 21, S77–S87.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C., Howell, R. J., & Cheng, T. C. (2013). Explaining Black-White differences in homicide victimization. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 18, 125–134.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C., Monge, A. N., Howell, R. J., & Cheng, T. C. (2013). The role of mental illness in alcohol abuse and prescription-type drug misuse: Gender-specific analysis. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 45(1), 39–47.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lo, C. C., Tenorio, K. A., & Cheng, T. C. (2012). Racial differences in co-occurring substance use and serious psychological distress: The roles of marriage and religiosity. Substance Use & Misuse, 47(6), 734–744. doi:10.3109/10826084.2012.666312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, W. R. (1992). The effectivness of treatment for substance abuse: Reasons for optimism. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 9(2), 93–102. doi:10.1016/0740-5472(92)90075-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naimi, T. S., Brewer, R. D., Mokdad, A. H., Clark, D. B., Serdula, M. K., & Marks, J. S. (2003). Binge drinking among US adults. JAMA –Journal of the American Medical Association, 289(1), 70–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ozawa, M. N., Joo, M., & Kim, J. (2004). Economic deprivation and child well-being: A state-by-state analysis. Children and Youth Services Review, 26(8), 785–801. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2004.02.021
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearlin, L. I. (1989). The sociological study of stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 30(3), 241–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichman, N. E., Teitler, J. O., Garfinkel, I., & McLanahan, S. S. (2001). Fragile families: Sample and design. Children and Youth Services Review, 23(4–5), 303–326. doi:10.1016/s0190-7409(01)00141-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sullivan, M. D., Edlund, M. J., Steffick, D., & Unutzer, H. (2005). Regular use of prescribed opioids: Association with common psychiatric disorders. Pain, 119(1–3), 95–103. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.09.020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tenorio, K. A., & Lo, C. C. (2011). Social location, social integration, and the co-occurrence of substance abuse and psychological distress. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 37(4), 218–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Timko, C., & Sempel, J. M. (2004). Intensity of acute services, self-help attendance and one-year outcomes among dual diagnosis patients. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 65(2), 274–282.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Census Bureau. (2004). Current population survey: Definitions and explanations. Washington, DC: Population Division, Fertiltity & Family Statistics Branch.
   Google Scholar
• Volkow, N. D. (2004). The reality of comorbidity: Depression and drug abuse. Biological Psychiatry, 56(10), 714–717. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.07.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weissman, M. M., Wolk, S., Wickramaratne, P., Goldstein, R. B., Adams, P., Greenwald, S., …, Steinberg, D. (1999). Children with prepubertal-onset major depressive disorder and anxiety grown up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56(9), 794–801. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.9.794
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimmermann, P., Wittchen, H. U., Hofler, M., Pfister, H., Kessler, R. C., & Lieb, R. (2003). Primary anxiety disorders and the development of subsequent alcohol use disorders: A 4-year community study of adolescents and young adults. Psychological Medicine, 33(7), 1211–1222. doi:10.1017/s0033291703008158
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar