References
- Fitzgerald M, Mackenzie CF, Marasco S, Hoyle R, Kossmann T. Pleural decompression and drainage during trauma reception and resuscitation. Injury. 2008;39(1):9–20.
- American College of Surgeons. Advanced Trauma Life Support. 7th ed. Chicago, IL: ACS, 2005.
- Rawlins R, Brown KM, Carr CS, Cameron CR. Life threatening haemorrhage after anterior needle aspiration of pneumothoraces. A role for lateral needle aspiration in emergency decompression of spontaneous pneumothorax. Emerg Med J. 2003;20:383–4.
- Mattox KL, Allen MK. Systematic approach to pneumothorax, haemothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Injury. 1986;17:309–12.
- Bülau G. Für die Heber-Drainage bei Behandlung des Empyems. Z Klin Med. 1891:380–92.
- Monaldi V, De Marco F. [Terminal technic of the suction drainage of pulmonary caverns]. Munch Med Wochenschr. 1950;92:823–6.
- Riquet M, Chehab A, Souilamas R, Le Pimpec-Barthes F, Debesse B. Elective drainage of the apical chest by posterior approach. Ann Thorac Surg. 1998;66:1824–5.
- Geisser W, Maybauer DM, Wolff H, Pfenninger E, Maybauer MO. Radiological validation of tracheal tube insertion depth in out-of-hospital and in-hospital emergency patients. Anaesthesia. 2009;64:973–7.
- Schmidt U, Stalp M, Gerich T, Blauth M, Maull KI, Tscherne H. Chest tube decompression of blunt chest injuries by physicians in the field: effectiveness and complications. J Trauma. 1998;44:98–101.
- Cullinane DC, Morris JA Jr, Bass JG, Rutherford EJ. Needle thoracostomy may not be indicated in the trauma patient. Injury. 2001;32:749–52.
- Heng K, Bystrzycki A, Fitzgerald M, Complications of intercostal catheter insertion using EMST techniques for chest trauma. Aust N Z J Surg. 2004;74:420–3.
- Britten S, Palmer SH, Snow TM. Needle thoracocentesis in tension pneumothorax: insufficient cannula length and potential failure. Injury. 1996;27:321–2.
- Butler KL, Best IM, Weaver WL, Bumpers HL. Pulmonary artery injury and cardiac tamponade after needle decompression of a suspected tension pneumothorax. J Trauma. 2003;54:610–1.
- Huber-Wagner S, Korner M, Ehrt A, Emergency chest tube placement in trauma care—which approach is preferable? Resuscitation. 2007;72:226–33.
- Peters S, Wolter D, Schultz JH. [Dangers and risks of thoracic drainage at the accident site]. Unfallchirurg. 1996;99: 953–7.
- Laws D, Neville E, Duffy J. BTS guidelines for the insertion of a chest drain. Thorax. 2003;58(suppl 2): ii53–9.
- Zehtabchi S, Rios CL. Management of emergency department patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax: needle aspiration or tube thoracostomy? Ann Emerg Med. 2008;51:91–100, 100 e1.
- Sethuraman KN, Duong D, Mehta S, Complications of tube thoracostomy placement in the emergency department. J Emerg Med. 2011;40:14–20.
- Bevis LC, Berg-Copas GM, Thomas BW, Outcomes of tube thoracostomies performed by advanced practice providers vs trauma surgeons. Am J Crit Care. 2008;17:357–63.
- Cameron PA, Flett K, Kaan E, Atkin C, Dziukas L. Helicopter retrieval of primary trauma patients by a paramedic helicopter service. Aust N Z J Surg. 1993;63:790–7.
- Ribeiro BJ. Inadvertent intubation of the left mainstem bronchus. Am J Emerg Med. 1993;11:33–4.
- Engoren M, de St Victor P. Tension pneumothorax and contralateral presumed pneumothorax from endobronchial intubation via cricothyroidotomy. Chest. 2000;118:1833–5.
- Gayer G, Rozenman J, Hoffmann C, CT diagnosis of malpositioned chest tubes. Br J Radiol. 2000;73:786–90.