Growth hormone and outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a pilot study

References

• Aimaretti G, Ambrosio MR, Di Somma C, Fusco A, Cannavò S, Gasperi M, Scaroni C, De Marinis L, Benvenga S, degli Uberti EC, Lombardi G, Mantero F, Martino E, Giordano G, Ghigo E. (2004). Traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid haemorrhage are conditions at high risk for hypopituitarism: screening study at 3 months after the brain injury. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 61:320–326.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez-Sabín J, Delgado P, Abilleira S, Molina CA, Arenillas J, Ribó M, Santamarina E, Quintana M, Monasterio J, Montaner J. (2004). Temporal profile of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: relationship to clinical and radiological outcome. Stroke 35:1316–1322.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bamford J, Sandercock P, Dennis M, Burn J, Warlow C. (1990). A prospective study of acute cerebrovascular disease in the community: the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project–1981-86. 2. Incidence, case fatality rates and overall outcome at one year of cerebral infarction, primary intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage. j Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr 53:16–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bidlingmaier M, Suhr J, Ernst A, Wu Z, Keller A, Strasburger CJ, Bergmann A. (2009). High-sensitivity chemiluminescence immunoassays for detection of growth hormone doping in sports. Clin Chem 55:445–453.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boehncke S, Ackermann H, Badenhoop K, Sitzer M. (2011). Pituitary function and IGF-I levels following ischemic stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 31:163–169.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondanelli M, Ambrosio MR, Onofri A, Bergonzoni A, Lavezzi S, Zatelli MC, Valle D, Basaglia N, degli Uberti EC. (2006). Predictive value of circulating insulin-like growth factor I levels in ischemic stroke outcome. j Clin Endocrinol Metab 91:3928–3934.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Broderick JP, Brott TG, Duldner JE, Tomsick T, Huster G. (1993). Volume of intracerebral hemorrhage. A powerful and easy-to-use predictor of 30-day mortality. Stroke 24:987–993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Groof F, Joosten KF, Janssen JA, de Kleijn ED, Hazelzet JA, Hop WC, Uitterlinden P, van Doorn J, Hokken-Koelega AC. (2002). Acute stress response in children with meningococcal sepsis: important differences in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I axis between nonsurvivors and survivors. j Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:3118–3124.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Della Corte F, Mancini A, Valle D, Gallizzi F, Carducci P, Mignani V, De Marinis L. (1998). Provocative hypothalamopituitary axis tests in severe head injury: correlations with severity and prognosis. Crit Care Med 26:1419–1426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foerch C, Montaner J, Furie KL, Ning MM, Lo EH. (2009). Invited article: searching for oracles? Blood biomarkers in acute stroke. Neurology 73:393–399.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gill MR, Reiley DG, Green SM. (2004). Interrater reliability of Glasgow Coma Scale scores in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med 43:215–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein LB, Samsa GP, Matchar DB, Horner RD. (2004). Charlson Index comorbidity adjustment for ischemic stroke outcome studies. Stroke 35:1941–1945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hemphill JC 3rd, Bonovich DC, Besmertis L, Manley GT, Johnston SC. (2001). The ICH score: a simple, reliable grading scale for intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke 32:891–897.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huff TA, Lebovitz HE, Heyman A, Davis L. (1972). Serial changes in glucose utilization and insulin and growth hormone secretion in acute cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 3:543–552.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• James ML, Blessing R, Phillips-Bute BG, Bennett E, Laskowitz DT. (2009). S100B and brain natriuretic peptide predict functional neurological outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage. Biomarkers 14:388–394.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katan M, Elkind MS. (2011). Inflammatory and neuroendocrine biomarkers of prognosis after ischemic stroke. Expert Rev Neurother 11:225–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kothari RU, Brott T, Broderick JP, Barsan WG, Sauerbeck LR, Zuccarello M, Khoury J. (1996). The ABCs of measuring intracerebral hemorrhage volumes. Stroke 27:1304–1305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laskowitz DT, Kasner SE, Saver J, Remmel KS, Jauch EC; BRAIN Study Group. (2009). Clinical usefulness of a biomarker-based diagnostic test for acute stroke: the Biomarker Rapid Assessment in Ischemic Injury (BRAIN) study. Stroke 40:77–85.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lynch JR, Blessing R, White WD, Grocott HP, Newman MF, Laskowitz DT. (2004). Novel diagnostic test for acute stroke. Stroke 35:57–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahoney FI, Barthel DW. (1965). Functional evaluation: the Barthel Index. Md State Med j 14:61–65.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mendelow AD, Gregson BA, Fernandes HM, Murray GD, Teasdale GM, Hope DT, Karimi A, Shaw MD, Barer DH; STICH investigators. (2005). Early surgery versus initial conservative treatment in patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral haematomas in the International Surgical Trial in Intracerebral Haemorrhage (STICH): a randomised trial. Lancet 365:387–397.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neidert S, Katan M, Schuetz P, Fluri F, Ernst A, Bingisser R, Kappos L, Engelter ST, Steck A, Müller B, Christ-Crain M. (2011). Anterior pituitary axis hormones and outcome in acute ischaemic stroke. j Intern Med 269:420–432.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsson T, Marklund N, Gustafson Y, Näsman B. (1992). Abnormalities at different levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis early after stroke. Stroke 23:1573–1576.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Onenli-Mungan N, Yildizdas D, Yapicioglu H, Topaloglu AK, Yüksel B, Ozer G. (2004). Growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and their relation to survival in children with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. j Paediatr Child Health 40:221–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RANKIN J. (1957). Cerebral vascular accidents in patients over the age of 60. II. Prognosis. Scott Med j 2:200–215.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ross R, Miell J, Freeman E, Jones J, Matthews D, Preece M, Buchanan C. (1991). Critically ill patients have high basal growth hormone levels with attenuated oscillatory activity associated with low levels of insulin-like growth factor-I. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 35:47–54.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruiz-Sandoval JL, Chiquete E, Romero-Vargas S, Padilla-Martínez JJ, González-Cornejo S. (2007). Grading scale for prediction of outcome in primary intracerebral hemorrhages. Stroke 38:1641–1644.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schuetz P, Müller B, Nusbaumer C, Wieland M, Christ-Crain M. (2009). Circulating levels of GH predict mortality and complement prognostic scores in critically ill medical patients. Eur j Endocrinol 160:157–163.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takala J, Ruokonen E, Webster NR, Nielsen MS, Zandstra DF, Vundelinckx G, Hinds CJ. (1999). Increased mortality associated with growth hormone treatment in critically ill adults. n Engl j Med 341:785–792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van den Berghe, G. (2001). The neuroendocrine response to stress is a dynamic process. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 15:405–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vanhorebeek I, Van den Berghe G. (2006). The neuroendocrine response to critical illness is a dynamic process. Crit Care Clin 22:1–15, v.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whiteley W, Tseng MC, Sandercock P. (2008). Blood biomarkers in the diagnosis of ischemic stroke: a systematic review. Stroke 39:2902–2909.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zweifel C, Katan M, Schuetz P, Siegemund M, Morgenthaler NG, Merlo A, Mueller B, Christ-Crain M. (2010). Copeptin is associated with mortality and outcome in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage. bmc Neurol 10:34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar