Levonorgestrel releasing-intrauterine system for the treatment of menorrhagia and/or frequent irregular uterine bleeding associated with uterine leiomyoma

REFERENCES

• Wamsteker K, Emanuel MH, de Kruif JH. Transcervical hysteroscopic resection of submucous fibroids for abnormal uterine bleeding: Results regarding the degree of intramural extension. Obstet Gynecol 1993;82:736–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higham JM, O'Brien PMS, Shaw RW. Assessment of menstrual blood loss using a pictorial chart. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1990;97:734–9.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dueholm M. Perspectives on “Abnormal uterine bleeding – An international agreement on terminologies and definitions”. Gynecol Surg 2008;5:81–4.
   Google Scholar
• Magalhaes J, Mendes Aldrighi J, Rodrigues de Lima G. Uterine volume and menstrual patterns in users of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system with idiopathic menorrhagia or menorrhagia due to leiomyomas. Contraception 2007;75:193–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fedele L, Bianchi S, Rafaelli R, . Treatment of adenomyosis-associated menorrhagia with a levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine device. Fertil Steril 1997;68: 426–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grigorieva V, Chen Mok M, Tarasova M, Mikhailov A. Use of a levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine system to treat bleeding related to uterine leiomyomas. Fertil Steril 2003;79:1194–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naki M. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device insertion ameliorates leiomyoma-dependent menorrhagia among women of reproductive age without a significant regression in the uterine and leiomyoma volumes. Fertil Steril 2010;94:371–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mercorio F, De Simone R, Di Spezio Sardo A, . The effect of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the treatment of myoma-related menorrhagia. Contraception 2003;67:277–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrington JW, Arunkalaivanan AS, Abdel-Fattah M. Comparison between the levonorgestrel-intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and thermal balloon ablation in the treatment of menorrhagia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003;108:72–4.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crossignani PG, Vercellini P, Mosconi P, . Levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine device versus hysteroscopic endometrial resection in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Obstet Gynecol 1997;90:257–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Istre O, Trolle B. Treatment of menorrhagia with the levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus endometrial resection. Fertil Steril 2001;76:304–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kittelsen N, Istre O. A randomised study comparing levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and transcervical resection of the endometrium in the treatment of menorrhagia: Preliminary results. Gynaecol Endosc 1998;7:61–5.
   Google Scholar
• Reid PC, Virtanen Kari S. Randomised comparative trial of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and mefenamic acid for the treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia: A multiple analysis using total menstrual fluid loss, menstrual blood loss and pictorial blood loss assessment charts. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2005;112:1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Henshaw R, Coyle C, Low S, Barry C. A retrospective cohort study comparing microwave endometrial ablation with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device in the management of heavy menstrual bleeding. Aust NZ J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;42:205–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauramo I, Elo I, Istre O. Long-term treatment of menorrhagia with levonorgestrel intrauterine system versus endometrial resection. Obstet Gynecol 2004;104: 1314–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wildemeersch D, Schacht E. Treatment of menorrhagia with a novel ‘frameless’ intrauterine levonorgestrel-releasing drug delivery system: A pilot study. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2001;6:93–101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romer T. Prospective comparison study of levonorgestrel IUD versus roller-ball endometrial ablation in the management of refractory recurrent hypermenorrhea. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2000;90:27–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nagrani R, Bowen-Simpkins P, Barrington JW. Can the levonorgestrel intrauterine system replace the surgical treatment for the management of menorrhagia? Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2002;109:345–7.
   Google Scholar
• Xiao B, Wu S-C, Chong J, . Therapeutic effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in the treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia. Fertil Steril 2003; 79:963–9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zsigmond I, Stamatian F, Bondor C. Dispozitivul intrauterine cu levonorgestrel in hemoragiile associate leiomioamelor [Levonorgestrel intrauterine device in leiomyoma associated bleeding]. Obstet Ginecol 2005;53:145–9 (in Romanian).
   Google Scholar
• Ben-Haroush A, Oron G, Yogev Y, . Attitudes of Israeli gynaecologists towards the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: A questionnaire survey. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2004;9:29–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lete I, Obispo C, Izaguirre F, . The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (Mirena®) for treatment of idiopathic menorrhagia. Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care 2008;13:231–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luukkainen T, Lahteenmaki P, Toivonen J. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. Ann Med 1990;22:85–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson K, Odlind V, Rybo G. Levonorgestrel-releasing and copper-releasing (Nova T) IUDs during five years of use: A randomized compared trial. Contraception 1994;49:56–72.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson GE, Bounds W, Kubba AA, . Functional ovarian cysts associated with levonorgestrel releasing intrauterine devices. Br J Fam Plann 1989;14: 131–2.
   Google Scholar
• Zapata L, Whitemann MK, Tepper NK, . Intrauterine device use among women with uterine fibroids: A systematic review. Contraception 2010;82: 41–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar