114
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Article

The theory of mind hypothesis of autism: Explanation, evidence and assessment

Pages 181-198 | Received 01 Mar 1989, Published online: 03 Jul 2009

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd edition, revised. APA, Washington, DC 1987
  • Astington J., Harrjs P. L., Olson D. R. Developing Theories of Mind. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1988
  • Baron-Cohen S. Autism and symbolic play. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1987; 5: 139–148
  • Baron-Cohen S. Social and pragmatic deficits in autism: Cognitive or affective?. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 1988; 18: 379–402
  • Baron-Cohen S. The autistic child's theory of mind: a case of specific developmental delay. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1989; 30: 285–298
  • Baron-Cohen S., Leslie A. M., Frith U. Does the autistic child have a ‘theory of mind’?. Cognition 1985; 21: 37–46
  • Baron-Cohen S., Leslie A. M., Frith U. Mechanical, behavioural and intentional understanding of picture stories in autistic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1986; 4: 113–125
  • Bates E. Intention, conventions, and symbols. The Emergence of Symbols, E. Bates, et al. Academic Press, New York 1979
  • Black M., Freeman B. J., Montgomery J. Systematic observation of play behaviour in autistic children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 1975; 5: 363–371
  • Boucher J. Is autism primarily a language disorder?. British Journal of Disorders of Communication 1976; 11: 135–143
  • Boucher J. Alternation and sequencing behaviour, and response to novelty in autistic children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1977; 18: 67–72
  • Boucher J., Lewis V. Guessing or creating? A reply to Baron Cohen. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1989, in press
  • Bretherton I. Representing the social word in symbolic play: Reality and fantasy. Symbolic Play, I. Bretherton. Academic Press, New York 1984
  • Bretherton I., Beeghley M. Talking about internal states: The acquisition of an explicit theory of mind. Developmental Psychology 1982; 18: 906–921
  • Bretherton I., McNew S., Beeghley-Smith M. Early person knowledge as expressed in gestural and verbal communication: When do infants acquire a ‘theory of mind’?. Infant Social Cognition: Empirical and Theoretical Considerations, M. Lamb, L. Sherrod. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, New Jersey 1981
  • De Gelder B. On not having a theory of mind. Cognition 1987; 27: 285–290
  • Dennett D. C. Beliefs about beliefs. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 1978; 4: 568–570
  • Dennett D. C. Brainstorms. Harvester Press, Hassocks, Sussex 1979
  • Donaldson M. Children's Minds. Fontana 1978
  • Duchan I. F., Palermo J. How autistic children view the world. Topics in Language Disorder 1982; 3: 10–15
  • Eisenberg K., Kanner K. Early infantile autism 1943–55. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1956; 26: 556–566
  • Flavell I. H. The development of inferences about others. Understanding Other Persons, T. Mischel. Rowan & Littlefield, Totowa, NJ 1974
  • Flavell H., Botkin P. T., Fry C. L., Wright J. W., Jarvis P. E. The Development of Role-Taking and Communication Skills in Young Children. Wiley, New York 1968
  • Flavell I. H., Abrahams-Everett B., Croft K., Flavell E. Young children's knowledge about visual perception: Further evidence for the level 1-level 2 distinction. Developmental Psychology 1981; 17: 99–103
  • Fodor J. A. The Language of Thought. Harvester Press, Hassocks, Sussex 1975
  • Harino T. A., Breen C. A., Pitts-Conway V., Oaylord-Ross R. Use of differential reinforcement of other behaviour during dyadic instruction to reduce stereotyped behaviour of autistic students. American Journal of Mental Deficiency 1986; 90: 694–702
  • Harris P. Children and Emotion: The development of psychological understanding. Blackwell, Oxford 1989
  • Hobson R. P. Early childhood autism and the question of egocentrism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 1984; 14: 85–104
  • Hobson P. On acquiring knowledge about people, and the capacity to pretend: A response to eslie. Psychological Review 1989, in press
  • Johnson-Laird P. N. Mental Models. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1983
  • Leslie A. M. Pretence and representation: The origins of ‘theory of mind’. Psychological Review 1987; 94: 412–426
  • Leslie A. M. Some implications of pretense for mechanisms underlying the child's theory of mind. Developing Theories of Mind, J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, D. R. Olson. Cambridge-Cambridge University Press. 1988
  • Leslie A. M., Frith U. Autistic children's understanding of seeing, knowing and believing. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1988; 6: 315–324
  • Lewis V., Boucher J. Spontaneous, instructed and elicited play in relatively able autistic children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1988; 6: 325–339
  • Light P. Taking roles. Making Sense: The Child's Construction of the World, J. Bruner, H. Haste. Methuen, London 1987
  • Mossler D. O., Marvin R. S., Greenberg M. T. Conceptual perspective taking in 2-to 6-year old children. Developmental Psychology 1976; 12: 85–86
  • Perner I. Developing semantics for theories of mind: From propositional attitudes to mental representation. Developing Theories of Mind, J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, D. R. Olson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1988
  • Perner J., Leekham S. R., Wimmer H. Three-year-olds' difficulty with false belief: The case for a conceptual deficit. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1987; 5: 125–137
  • Premack D. ‘Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?’ revisited. Machiavellian Intelligence, R. Byrne, A. Whiten. Clarendon Press, Oxford 1988
  • Premack D., Woodruff G. Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 1978; 4: 515–526
  • Pylyshyn Z. W. When is attribution of beliefs justified?. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 1978; 4: 592–593
  • Ricks D., Wing L. Language, communication and the use1 of symbols in normal and autistic children. Early Childhood Autism: Clinical Educational and Social Aspects, L. Wing. Pergamon, Oxford 1975
  • Rutter M. Concepts of autism: A review of research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1968; 9: 1–25
  • Rutter M. Diagnosis and definition. Autism: A Reappraisal of Concepts and Treatment, M. Rutter, E. Schopler. Plenum Press, New York 1978
  • Selman R. L. The Growth of Interpersonal Understanding. Academic Press, New York 1980
  • Shields M. M. The child as psychologist: Construing the social world. Action, Gesture and Symbol, A. Lock. Academic Press, London 1978
  • Trevarthen C., Hubley P. Secondary intersubjectivity: Confidence, confiding and acts of meaning in the first year. Action, Gesture and Symbol: The Emergence of Language, A. Lock. Academic Press, London 1978
  • Wellman H. H. The child's theory of mind: The development of conceptions of cognition. The Growth of Reflection in Children, S. Yussen. Academic Press, New York 1985
  • Wellman H. H. First steps in the child's theorising about the mind. Developing Theories of Mind, J. W. Astington, P. L. Harris, D. R. Olson. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1988
  • Wellman H. H., Estes D. Early understanding of mental entities: A reexamination of childhood realism. Child Development 1986; 57: 910–923
  • Whiten A., Byrne R. W. Tactical deception in primates. Behavioural and Brain Sciences 1988; 11: 233–273
  • Wimmer H., Perner J. Beliefs about beliefs: Representation and constraining function of wrong beliefs in young children's understanding of deception. Cognition 1983; 13: 103–128
  • Wing L. The continuum of autistic characteristics. Diagnosis and Assessment in Autism, E. Schopler, G. B. Mesibov. Plenum, New York 1988

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.