Anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities of virgin coconut oil

References

• Bergsson G, Steingrímsson ó, Thormar H (2002): Bactericidal effects of fatty acids and monoglycerides on Helicobacter pylori. Int J Antimicrob Agents 20: 258–262.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bernheim HA, Gilbert TM, Stitt JT (1980): Prostaglandin E levels in third ventricular cerebrospinal fluid of rabbits during fever and changes in body temperature. J Physiol 301: 69–78.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Berne RM, Levy MN (1998): The adrenal glands. In: Berne RM, Levy MN, eds., Physiology, 4th ed. St. Louis, MO, Mosby-Year Book, pp. 930–950.
   Google Scholar
• Brattsand R, Thalen A, Roempke K, Kallstrom L, Gruvstad E (1982): Influence of 16α,17α-acetal substitution and steriod nucleus fluorination on the topical to systemic activity ratio of glucocorticoids. J Steroid Biochem 16: 779–786.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Burke A, Smyth EM, FitzGerald GA (2006) In: Hardman JG, Limbrid LE, eds., Goodman & Gilman’s the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ed. New York, McGraw-Hill, pp. 671–716.
   Google Scholar
• Carlson RP, O’Neill-Davis L, Chang J, Lewis AJ (1985): Modulation of mouse ear edema by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors and other pharmacologic agents. Agents Actions 17: 197–204.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chaichit C (2004): Thai Herbs and Herbal Products. Bangkok, Srimuang Printing Co., pp. 155–156.
   Google Scholar
• Crunkhorn P, Meacock SCR (1971): Mediators of the inflammation induced in the rat paw by carrageenin. Br J Pharmacol 42: 392–402.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMartino MJ, Campbell GK, Wolff CE, Hanna N (1987): The pharmacology of arachidonic acid-induced rat paw edema. Agents Actions 21: 303–305.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Di Rosa M, Willoughby DA (1971): Screens for anti-inflammatory drugs. J Pharm Pharmacol 23: 297–298.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Firkin F, Chesterman C, Penington D, Rush B (1989): White cells: neutrophilia and eosinophilia; neutropenia and agranulocytosis; infectious mononucleosis. In: Firkin F, Chesterman C, Penington D, Rush B, eds., De Gruchy’s Clinical Haematology in Medical Practice, 5th ed. Melbourne, Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp. 216–235.
   Google Scholar
• Goodman HM (2003): Adrenal glands. In: Johnson LR, ed., Essential Medical Physiology, 3rd ed. Los Angeles, Elsevier, pp. 607–635.
   Google Scholar
• Gould BE (2002): Inflammation and Healing. Pathophysiology for the Health Professions, 2nd ed. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, pp. 12–33.
   Google Scholar
• Kadar D (1998): Anti-inflammatory analgesics. In: Kalant H, Roschlau WH, eds., Principles of Medical Pharmacology, 6th ed. New York, Oxford University Press, pp. 411–412.
   Google Scholar
• Koster R, Anderson M, De Beer EJ (1959): Acetic acid for analgesic screening. Fed Proc 18: 412.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N (2005): Acute and chronic inflammation. In: Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, ed., Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed. Philadelphia, Elsevier Saunders, pp. 47–86.
   Google Scholar
• Michell RN, Cotran RS (2003): Acute and chronic inflammation. In: Kumar V, Cotran RS, Robbins SL, ed., Robbins Basic Pathology, 7th ed. Philadelphia, WB Saunders Company, pp. 33–59.
   Google Scholar
• Moncada S, Ferreira SH, Vane JR (1973): Prostaglandins, indomethacin-like drugs and the oedema of inflammation. Nature 246: 217–218.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy HS, Ward PA (2005): Inflammation. In: Rubin E, Gorstein F, Rubin R, Schwarting R, Strayer D, eds., Rubin’s Pathology: Clinicopathologic Foundations of Medicine, 4th ed. Baltimore, MD, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 40–83.
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen SS (1998): Food Analysis, 2nd ed. Gaithersburg, MD, Aspen Publishers, pp. 203–233.
   Google Scholar
• Pereira CC, Da Silva MA, Langone MA. (2004): Enzymatic synthesis of monolaurin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 113–116: 433–445.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Raj PP (1996): Pain Medicine: A Comprehensive Review. St. Louis, MO, Mosby-Year Book, pp. 12–23.
   Google Scholar
• Sadeghi S, Wallace FA, Calder PC (1999): Dietary lipids modify the cytokine response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in mice. Immunology 96: 404–410.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swingle KF, Shideman FE (1972): Phases of the inflammatory response to subcutaneous implant-action of cotton pellet and their modification by certain anti-inflammatory agents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 183: 226–234.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teotino UM, Friz LP, Gandini A, Dellabella D (1963): Thio derivatives of 2,3-dihydro-4H-1,3-benzoxazin-4-one synthesis and pharmacological properties. J Med Chem 55: 248–250.
   Google Scholar
• Vinegar R, Schreiber W, Hugo R (1969): Biphasic development of carrageenin edema in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 166: 96–103.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagner W, Khanna P, Furst DE (2004): Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, nonopioid analgesics, and drugs used in gout. In: Katzung BG, ed., Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 9th ed. Singapore, McGraw-Hill, pp. 576–603.
   Google Scholar
• Wan JM, Grimble RF (1987): Effect of dietary linoleate content on the metabolic response of rats to Escherichia coli endotoxin. Clin Sci 72: 383–385.
   Google Scholar
• Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW (1962): Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as assay for anti-inflammatory drug. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 111: 544–547.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witcher KJ, Novick RP, Schlievert PM. (1996): Modulation of immune cell proliferation by glycerol monolaurate. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 3: 10–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar