A comparison of HIV risk behaviors between early and late initiators of injection drug use in Houston, Texas

References

• Armstrong, G. L. (2007). Injection drug users in the United States, 1979–2002: An aging population. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167, 166–173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battjes, R. J., Leukefeld, C. G., & Pickens, R. W. (1992). Age at first injection and HIV risk among intravenous drug users. American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 18, 263–273
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battjes, R. J., Leukefeld, C. G., Pickens, R. W., & Haverkos, H. W. (1988). The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and intravenous drug abuse. Bulletin on Narcotics, 40, 21–34
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Battjes, R. J., & Pickens, R. W. (1988). Needle sharing among intravenous drug abusers: Future directions. NIDA Research Monographs, 80, 176–183
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carneiro, M., Fuller, C., Doherty, M. C., & Vlahov, D. (1999). HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among new initiates into injection drug use over the age of 40 years old. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 54, 83–86
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CDC (2012). HIV infection and HIV-associated behaviors among injecting drug users – 20 cities, United States 2009. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 61, 133–138
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chikovani, I., Bozicevic, I., Goguadze, K., Rukhadze, N., & Gotsadze, G. (2011). Unsafe injection and sexual risk behavior among injecting drug users in Georgia. Journal of Urban Health, 88, 736–748
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Des Jarlais, D. C., Arasteh, K., & Friedman, S. R. (2011). HIV among drug users at Beth Israel Medical Center, New York City, the first 25 years. Substance Use and Misuse, 46, 131–139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Des Jarlais, D. C., Friedman, S. R., Perlis, T., Chapman, T. F., Sotheran, J. L., Paone, D., Monterroso, E., & Neaigus, A. (1999). Risk behavior and HIV infection among new drug injectors in the era of AIDS in New York City. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 20, 67–72
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Doherty, M. C., Garfein, R. S., Monterroso, E., Brown, D., & Vlahov, D. (2000). Correlates of HIV infection among young adult short-term injection drug users. Aids, 14, 717–726
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fennema, J. S., Van Ameijden, E. J., Van Den Hoek, A., & Coutinho, R. A. (1997). Young and recent-onset injecting drug users are at higher risk for HIV. Addiction, 92, 1457–1465
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller, C. M., Borrell, L. N., Latkin, C. A., Galea, S., Ompad, D. C., Strathdee, S. A., & Vlahov, D. (2005). Effects of race, neighborhood, and social network on age at initiation of injection drug use. American Journal of Public Health, 95, 689–695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fuller, C. M., Vlahov, D., Arria, A. M., Ompad, D. C., Garfein, R., & Strathdee, S. A. (2001). Factors associated with adolescent initiation of injection drug use. Public Health Reports, 116, 136–145
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gallagher, K. M., Sullivan, P. S., Lansky, A., & Onorato, I. M. (2007). Behavioral surveillance among people at risk for HIV infection in the US: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System. Public Health Reports, 122, 32–38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gile, K. J., & Handcock, M. S. (2010). Respondent-driven sampling: An assessment of current methodology. Sociological Methodology, 40, 285–327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsamt, L. A., Harocopos, A., Kobrak, P., Jost, J. J., & Clatts, M. C. (2010). Circumstances, pedagogy and rationales for injection initiation among new drug injectors. Journal of Community Health, 35, 258–267
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heckathorn, D. (1997). Respondent-driven sampling: A new approach to the study of hidden populations. Social Problems, 44, 174–199
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kral, A. H., Lorvick, J., & Edlin, B. R. (2000). Sex- and drug-related risk among populations of younger and older injection drug users in adjacent neighborhoods in San Francisco. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 24, 162–167
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lansky, A., Abdul-Quader, A. S., Cribbin, M., Hall, T., Finlayson, T. J., Garfein, R. S., Lin, L. S., & Sullivan, P. S. (2007). Developing an HIV behavioral surveillance system for injecting drug users: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System. Public Health Reports, 122, 48–55
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Liu, H., Li, J., Luo, J., Jarlais, D. D., & Koram, N. (2011). Role of sexual transmission of HIV among young noninjection and injection opiate users: A respondent-driven sampling study. Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 38, 1161–1166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantecon, A., Juan, M., Calafat, A., Becona, E., & Roman, E. (2008). Respondent-driven sampling: A new sampling method to study visible and hidden populations. Adicciones, 20, 161–169
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Marrero Rodriguez, C. A., Robles, R. R., Colon, H. M., Freeman, D. H., Matos, T. D., & Reyes, J. C. (1993). HIV risk behaviors and HIV seropositivity among young injection drug users. PR Health Sciences Journal, 12, 7–12
   Google Scholar
• Mathers, B. M., Degenhardt, L., Ali, H., Wiessing, L., Hickman, M., Mattick, R. P., Myers, B., Ambekar, A., & Strathdee, S. A.; 2009 Reference Group to the UN on HIV, Injecting Drug Use. (2010). HIV prevention, treatment, and care services for people who inject drugs: A systematic review of global, regional, and national coverage. Lancet, 375, 1014–1028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Medhi, G. K., Mahanta, J., Paranjape, R. S., Adhikary, R., Laskar, N., & Ngully, P. (2011). Factors associated with HIV among female sex workers in a high HIV prevalent state of India. AIDS Care, 24, 369–376
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mehta, S. H., Astemborski, J., Kirk, G. D., Strathdee, S. A., Nelson, K. E., Vlahov, D., & Thomas, D. L. (2011). Changes in blood-borne infection risk among injection drug users. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 203, 587–594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NOVA (2009). Questionnaire Development Software, NOVA Research Company
   Google Scholar
• Novelli, L. A., Sherman, S. G., Havens, J. R., Strathdee, S. A., & Sapun, M. (2005). Circumstances surrounding the first injection experience and their association with future syringe sharing behaviors in young urban injection drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 77, 303–309
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OraSure. OraSure Technologies, Inc. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
   Google Scholar
• Rondinelli, A. J., Ouellet, L. J., Strathdee, S. A., Latka, M. H., Hudson, S. M., Hagan, H., & Garfein R. S. (2009). Young adult injection drug users in the United States continue to practice HIV risk behaviors. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 104, 167–174
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rudolph, A. E., Crawford, N. D., Latkin, C., Heimer, R., Benjamin, E. O., Jones, K. C., & Fuller, C. M. (2011). Subpopulations of illicit drug users reached by targeted street outreach and respondent-driven sampling strategies: Implications for research and public health practice. Annals of Epidemiology, 21, 280–289
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Solomon, S. S., Celentano, D. D., Srikrishnan, A. K., Vasudevan, C. K., Murugavel, K. G., Iqbal, S. H., Anand, S., Kumar, M. S., Latkin, C., Solomon, S., & Mehta, S. H. (2010). Low incidences of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infection and declining risk behaviors in a cohort of injection drug users in Chennai, India. American Journal of Epidemiology, 172, 1259–1267
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• StataCorp (2010). Stata Statistical Software. Release 11. College Station, TX: StataCorp LP
   Google Scholar
• Strathdee, S. A., Galai, N., Safaiean, M., Celentano, D. D., Vlahov, D., Johnson, L., & Nelson, K. E. (2001). Sex differences in risk factors for HIV seroconversion among injection drug users: A 10-year perspective. Archives of Internal Medicine, 161, 1281–1288
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strathdee, S. A., & Sherman, S. G. (2003). The role of sexual transmission of HIV infection among injection and non-injection drug users. Journal of Urban Health, 80, iii7–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vermund, S. H., & Leigh-Brown, A. J. (2012). The HIV epidemic: High-income countries. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 2, a007195
   Google Scholar
• Volz, E., Wejnert, C., Degani, I., & Heckathorn, D. D. (2007). Respondent-Driven Sampling Analysis Toll (RDSAT). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University
   Google Scholar