788
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel N, N′-disubstituted urea and thiourea derivatives as potential anti-melanoma agents

, , , , , & show all
Pages 708-714 | Received 02 Jun 2011, Accepted 25 Jul 2011, Published online: 10 Oct 2011

References

  • Gray-Schopfer V, Wellbrock C, Marais R. Melanoma biology and new targeted therapy. Nature 2007;445:851–857.
  • Curtin JA, Fridlyand J, Kageshita T, Patel HN, Busam KJ, Kutzner H et al. Distinct sets of genetic alterations in melanoma. n Engl j Med 2005;353:2135–2147.
  • Marks R. Epidemiology of melanoma. Clin Exp Dermatol 2000;25:459–463.
  • Gao L, Feng Y, Bowers R, Becker-Hapak M, Gardner J, Council L et al. Ras-associated protein-1 regulates extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and migration in melanoma cells: two processes important to melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. Cancer Res 2006;66:7880–7888.
  • Calvo F, Agudo-Ibáñez L, Crespo P. The Ras-ERK pathway: understanding site-specific signaling provides hope of new anti-tumor therapies. Bioessays 2010;32:412–421.
  • Chang L, Karin M. Mammalian MAP kinase signalling cascades. Nature 2001;410:37–40.
  • Yap JL, Worlikar S, MacKerell AD Jr, Shapiro P, Fletcher S. Small-molecule inhibitors of the ERK signaling pathway: Towards novel anticancer therapeutics. Chemmedchem 2011;6:38–48.
  • Shaul YD, Seger R. The MEK/ERK cascade: from signaling specificity to diverse functions. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007;1773:1213–1226.
  • Kohno M, Pouyssegur J. Pharmacological inhibitors of the ERK signaling pathway: application as anticancer drugs. Prog Cell Cycle Res 2003;5:219–224.
  • Canagarajah BJ, Khokhlatchev A, Cobb MH, Goldsmith EJ. Activation mechanism of the MAP kinase ERK2 by dual phosphorylation. Cell 1997;90:859–869.
  • Kinoshita T, Yoshida I, Nakae S, Okita K, Gouda M, Matsubara M et al. Crystal structure of human mono-phosphorylated ERK1 at Tyr204. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008;377:1123–1127.
  • Seger R, Seger D, Lozeman FJ, Ahn NG, Graves LM, Campbell JS et al. Human T-cell mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases are related to yeast signal transduction kinases. j Biol Chem 1992;267:25628–25631.
  • Robbins DJ, Zhen E, Owaki H, Vanderbilt CA, Ebert D, Geppert TD et al. Regulation and properties of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 in vitro. j Biol Chem 1993;268:5097–5106.
  • Marshall C. How do small GTPase signal transduction pathways regulate cell cycle entry? Curr Opin Cell Biol 1999;11:732–736.
  • Frau M, Biasi F, Feo F, Pascale RM. Prognostic markers and putative therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Aspects Med 2010;31:179–193.
  • Wellbrock C, Karasarides M, Marais R. The RAF proteins take centre stage. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2004;5:875–885.
  • Cohen C, Zavala-Pompa A, Sequeira JH, Shoji M, Sexton DG, Cotsonis G et al. Mitogen-actived protein kinase activation is an early event in melanoma progression. Clin Cancer Res 2002;8:3728–3733.
  • Ullrich A, Schlessinger J. Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity. Cell 1990;61:203–212.
  • Hubbard SR, Till JH. Protein tyrosine kinase structure and function. Annu Rev Biochem 2000;69:373–398.
  • Dai Y, Guo Y, Frey RR, Ji Z, Curtin ML, Ahmed AA et al. Thienopyrimidine ureas as novel and potent multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. j Med Chem 2005;48:6066–6083.
  • Li HQ, Yan T, Yang Y, Shi L, Zhou CF, Zhu HL. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of N-benzyl-N-(X-2-hydroxybenzyl)-N’-phenylureas and thioureas as antitumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2010;18:305–313.
  • Li HQ, Lv PC, Yan T, Zhu HL. Urea derivatives as anticancer agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2009;9:471–480.
  • Li HQ, Zhu TT, Yan T, Luo Y, Zhu HL. Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationships of antiproliferative 1,3-disubstituted urea derivatives. Eur j Med Chem 2009;44:453–459.
  • Sheldrick GM. SHELX-97. Program for X-ray Crystal Structure Solution and Refinement. 1997.
  • Abagyan R, Orry A, Raush E, Budagyan L and Totrov M. ICM Manual Version 3.0. 2007.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.