References
- Carpo BG, Grevelink JM, Grevelink SV. Laser treatment of pigmented lesions in children. Semin Cutan Med Surg. 1999;18(3):233–43.
- Jacques SL. Melanosome absorption coefficient. 1997 (accessed: 2008 June 18). Available from: http://omlc.ogi.edu/spectra/melanin/mua.html
- Jones CE, Nouri K. Laser treatment for pigmented lesions: A review. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2006;5:9–13.
- Anderson R. Laser–tissue interaction in dermatology. Arndt A, Dover J, Olbricht S. Lasers in cutaneous and aesthetic surgery. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1997. p. 41–6.
- Doukas AG, Flotte TJ. Physical characteristics and biological effects of laser-induced stress waves. Ultrasound Med Biol. 1995;22(2):151–64.
- Ara G, Anderson R, Mandel K, Ottesen M, Oseroff A. Irradiation of pigmented melanoma cells with high intensity pulsed radiation generates acoustic waves and kills cells. Lasers Surg Med. 1990;10:52–9.
- Goldberg D. Laser treatment of pigmented lesions and tattoos. Narins R. Cosmetic surgery: An interdisciplinary approach. New York: Informa Healthcare; 2001. p. 489–512.
- Anderson R, Parrish J. Selective photothermolysis: Precise microsurgery by selective absorption of pulsed radiation. Science 1983;220:524–7.
- Widdowson DC, Wright PA. The Halo effect: Avoiding adverse pigmentation changes following Q-switched ruby laser treatment of pigmented birthmarks. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2006;5(3):245.
- Watanabe S, Takahashi H. Treatment of nevus of Ota with the Q-switched ruby laser. N Engl J Med. 1994;331(26): 1745–50.
- Yang H-Y, Lee C-W, Ro Y-S, Yu H-J, Kim Y-T, Kim J-H, . Q-switched ruby laser in the treatment of nevus of Ota. J Korean Med Sci. 1996;11(2):165–70.
- Kono T, Nozaki M, Chan HH, Mikashima Y. A retrospective study looking at the long-term complications of Q-switched ruby laser in the treatment of nevus of Ota. Lasers Surg Med. 2001;29:156–9.
- Kono T, Chan HH, Erçöçen AR, Kikuchi Y, Uezoni S, Iwasaka S, . Use of Q-switched ruby laser in the treatment of nevus of Ota in different age groups. Lasers Surg Med. 2003;32:391–5.
- Tse Y, Levine V, McClain S, Ashinoff R. The removal of cutaneous pigmented lesions with the Q-switched ruby laser and the Q-switched neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser. A comparative study. J Dermatol Surg Oncol. 1994;20(12): 795–800.
- Chan HH, Leung RSC, Ying S-Y, Lai C-F, Kono T, Chua JKH, . A retrospective analysis of complications in the treatment of nevus of Ota with the Q-switched alexandrite and Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers. Dermatol Surg. 2000;26(11):1000–6.
- Kilmer S, Wheeland R, Goldberg D, Anderson R. Treatment of epidermal pigmented lesions with the frequency-doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. A controlled, singleimpact, dose–response, multicenter trial. Arch Dermatol. 1994;130(12):1515–19.
- Kim S, Kang WH. Treatment of congenital nevi with the Q-switched alexandrite laser. Eur J Dermatol. 2005;15(2):92–6.
- Kunachak S, Leelaudomlipi P. Q-switched Nd:YAG laser treatment for acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like maculae: A long-term followup. Lasers Surg Med. 2000;26:376–9.
- Hague JS, Lanigan SW. Laser treatment of pigmented lesions in clinical practice: A retrospective case series and patient satisfaction survey. Clin Dermatol. 2007;33:139–41.
- Wright PA, Widdowson DC, Ahmed S, Shakespeare PG. How well does your ruby laser work? Lasers Med Sci. 2005;20(2):104–6.
- Burns T, Breathnach S, Cox N, Griffiths C. Rook's textbook of dermatology. 7th. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing; 2004. p. 46.10.
- Arpey CJ, Patel DS, Stone MS, Qiang-Shao J, Moore KC. Treatment of atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini-associated hyperpigmentation with the Q-switched alexandrite laser: A clinical, histologic, and ultrastructural appraisal. Lasers Surg Med. 2000;27:206–12.