Inflammatory and infectious risk factors are associated with the response to tocolysis in patients with preterm labor

References

• Iams J. Prevention of preterm birth. N Engl J Med 1998;338:54–56.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockwood CJ. Predicting premature delivery – no easy task. N Engl J Med 2002;346:282–284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torloni MR, Betrán AP, Daher S, Widmer M, Dolan SM, Menon R, Bergel E, Allen T, Merialdi M. Maternal BMI and preterm birth: a systematic review of the literature with meta-analysis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009;22:957–970.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero R, et al Allergy-induced preterm labor after the ingestion of shellfish. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010;23:351–359.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iams JD, Romero R, Culhane JF, Goldenberg RL. Primary, secondary, and tertiary interventions to reduce the morbidity and mortality of preterm birth. Lancet 2008;371:164–175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robertson CM, Watt MJ, Dinu IA. Outcomes for the extremely premature infant: what is new? And where are we going? Pediatr Neurol 2009;40:189–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanchez-Ramos L, Kaunitz AM, Delke I. Progestational agents to prevent preterm birth: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Obstet Gynecol 2005;105:273–279.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romero R, Espinoza J, Kusanovic JP, Gotsch F, Hassan S, Erez O, Chaiworapongsa T, Mazor M. The preterm parturition syndrome. BJOG 2006;113:17–42.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldenberg RL, Hauth JC, Andrews WW. Intrauterine infection and preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2000;342:1500–1507.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi K, Satoh T. Is long-term tocolysis effective for threatened premature labour? J Int Med Res 2009;37:227–329.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treatment of preterm labor with the beta-adrenergic agonist ritodrine. The Canadian Preterm Labor Investigators Group Multicentre Premature Labour Study Group. N Engl J Med 1992;327:308–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbst A, Nilsson C. Diagnosis of early preterm labour. BJOG 2006;113:60–67.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amsel R, Totten PA, Spiegel CA, Chen KC, Eschenbach D, Holmes KK. Nonspecific vaginitis: diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations. Am J Med 1983;74:14–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nugent RP, Krohn MA, Hillier SL. Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:297–301.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blanc WA. Pathology of the placenta and cord in ascending and in haematogenous infection. Ciba Found Symp 1979;77:17–38.
   Google Scholar
• Lockwood CJ. The diagnosis of preterm labor and the prediction of preterm delivery. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1995;38:675–687.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skrablin S, Lovric H, Banovic V, Kralik S, Dijakovic A, Kalafatic D. Maternal plasma interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta and C-reactive protein as indicators of tocolysis failure and neonatal outcome after preterm delivery. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2007;20:335–341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonçalves LF, Chaiworapongsa T, Romero R. Intrauterine infection and prematurity. Mental Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev 2002;8:3–13.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Pitiphat W, Gillman MW, Joshipura KJ, Williams PL, Douglass CW, Rich-Edwards JW. Plasma C-reactive protein in early pregnancy and preterm delivery. Am J Epidemiol 2005;162:1108–1113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Eschenbach DA, Krohn M, Gibbs RS, Martin DH, et al Association between bacterial vaginosis and preterm delivery of a low-birth-weight infant. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1737–1742.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svare JA, Schmidt H, Hansen BB, Lose G. Bacterial vaginosis in a cohort of Danish pregnant women: prevalence and relationship with preterm delivery, low birthweight and perinatal infections. BJOG 2006;113:1419–1425.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denney JM, Culhane JF, Goldenberg RL. Prevention of preterm birth. Womens Health (Lond Engl) 2008;4:625–638.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McDonald HM, Brocklehurst P, Gordon A. Antibiotics for treating bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007;1: CD000262.
   Google Scholar
• Aziz N, Cheng YW, Caughey AB. Neonatal outcomes in the setting of preterm premature rupture of membranes complicated by chorioamnionitis. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2009;22:780–784.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park CW, Moon KC, Park JS, Jun JK, Yoon BH. The frequency and clinical significance of intra-uterine infection and inflammation in patients with placenta previa and preterm labor and intact membranes. Placenta 2009;30:613–618.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma RP, Kaplan C, Southerton K, Niwas R, Verma R, Fang H. Placental histopathology in the extremely low birth weight infants. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2008;27:53–61.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darwish A, Elnshar EM, Hamadeh SM, Makarem MH. Treatment options for bacterial vaginosis in patients at high risk of preterm labor and premature rupture of membranes. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2007;33:781–787.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moutquin JM. Classification and heterogeneity of preterm birth. BJOG 2003;110:30–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Canadian Preterm Labor Investigators Group. Treatment of preterm labor with the beta-adrenergic agonist ritodrine. N Engl J Med 1992;327:308–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simahn HN, Cartis SN. Prevention of preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2007;357:477–487.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Tocolytic drugs for women in preterm labour. Clinical Guideline 2002;1:1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Leveno KJ, Cunningham FG. B-adrenergic agonists for preterm labor. N Engl J Med 1992;327:349–351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higby K, Xenakis EM, Pauerstein CJ. Do tocolytic agents stop preterm labor? A critical and comprehensive review of efficacy and safety. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:1247–1259.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamont RF. International Preterm Labour Council: evidence-based labour ward guidelines for diagnosis, management and treatment of spontaneous preterm labour. J Obstet Gynaecol 2003;23:69–478.
   Google Scholar