Protective effects of pentoxifylline on lipopolysaccharide-induced white matter injury in a rat model of periventricular leukomalasia

References

• Kinney HC, Haynes RL, Xu G, et al. Neuron deficit in the white matter and subplate in periventricular leukomalacia. Ann Neurol 2012;71:397–406
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Volpe JJ. Neurobiology of periventricular leukomalacia in the premature infant. Pediatr Res 2001;50:553–62
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kadhim H, Tabarki B, Verellen G, et al. Inflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of periventricular leukomalacia. Neurology 2001;56:1278–84
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan JR, Cock ML, Scheerlinck JP, et al. White matter injury after repeated endotoxin exposure in the preterm ovine fetus. Pediatr Res 2002;52:941–49
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma U, Tejani N, Klein S, et al. Obstetric antecedents of intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia in the low-birth-weight neonate. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;176:275–81
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdulkadir AA, Kimimasa T, Bell MJ, et al. Placental inflammation and fetal hemodynamics in a rat model of chorioamnionitis. Pediatr Res 2010;68:513–18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bell MJ, Hallenbeck JM. Effects of intrauterine inflammation on developing rat brain. J Neurosci Res 2002;70:570–79
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cai Z, Pan ZL, Pang Y, et al. Cytokine induction in fetal rat brains and brain injury in neonatal rats after maternal lipopolysaccharide administration. Pediatr Res 2000;47:564–72
   Google Scholar
• Xu DX, Chen YH, Wang H, et al. Tumor necrosis factor alpha partially contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced intra-uterine fetal growth restriction and skeletal development retardation in mice. Toxicol Lett 2006;163:20–29
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Debillon T, Gras-Leguen C, Vérielle V, et al. Intrauterine infection induces programmed cell death in rabbit periventricular white matter. Pediatr Res 2000;47:736–42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haque KN, Pammi M. Pentoxifylline for treatment of sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011;10:CD004205
   Google Scholar
• Chao CC, Hu S, Close K, et al. Cytokine release from microglia: differential inhibition by pentoxifylline and dexamethasone. J Infect Dis 1992;166:847–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vakili A, Zahedi khorasani M. Post-ischemic treatment of pentoxifylline reduces cortical not striatal infarct volume in transient model of focal cerebral ischemia in rat. Brain Res 2007;1144:186–91
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eun BL, Liu XH, Barks JD. Pentoxifylline attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in immature rats. Pediatr Res 2000;47:73–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumral A, Baskin H, Yesilirmak DC, et al. Erythropoietin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced white matter injury in the neonatal rat brain. Neonatology 2007;92:269–78
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurtoglu S, Gunes T, Koklu E, et al. Influence of maternal nicotine exposure on neonatal rat bone: protective effect of pentoxifylline. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2007;232:398–405
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wozniak DF, Hartman RE, Boyle MP, et al. Apoptotic neurodegeneration induced by ethanol in neonatal mice is associated with profound learning/memory deficits in juveniles followed by progressive functional recovery in adults. Neurobiol Dis 2004;17:403–14
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumral A, Yesilirmak DC, Aykan S, et al. Protective effects of methylxanthines on hypoxia-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration and long-term cognitive functions in the developing rat brain. Neonatology 2010;98:128–36
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gencpınar P, Tüzün F, Ozbal S, et al. Effects of neotrofin on neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury. Neurosci Lett 2011;505:205–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Follett PL, Rosenberg PA, Volpe JJ, Jensen FE. NBQX attenuates excitotoxic injury in developing white matter. J Neurosci 2000;20:9235–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burd I, Balakrishnan B, Kannan S. Models of fetal brain injury, intrauterine inflammation, and preterm birth. Am J Reprod Immunol 2012;67:287–94
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng W, Pleasure J, Pleasure D. Progress in periventricular leukomalacia. Arch Neurol 2008;65:1291–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geva E, Lerner-Geva L, Stavorovsky Z, et al. Multifetal pregnancy reduction: a possible risk factor for periventricular leukomalacia in premature newborns. Fertil Steril 1998;69:845–50
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kadhim H, Khalifa M, Deltenre P, et al. Molecular mechanisms of cell death in periventricular leukomalacia. Neurology 2006;67:293–99
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tuzun F, Kumral A, Dilek M, et al. Maternal omega-3 fatty acid supplementation protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced white matter injury in the neonatal rat brain. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012;25:849–54
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohmura Y, Kirikae T, Kirikae F, et al. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intra-uterine fetal death (IUFD) in mice is principally due to maternal cause but not fetal sensitivity to LPS. Microbiol Immunol 2000;44:897–904
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Iida K, Takashima S, Ueda K. Immunohistochemical study of myelination and oligodendrocyte in infants with periventricular leukomalacia. Pediatr Neurol 1995;13:296–304
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Craig A, Ling Luo N, Beardsley DJ, et al. Quantitative analysis of perinatal rodent oligodendrocyte lineage progression and its correlation with human. Exp Neurol 2003;181:231–40
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billiards SS, Haynes RL, Folkerth RD, et al. Myelin abnormalities without oligodendrocyte loss in periventricular leukomalacia. Brain Pathol 2008;18:153–63
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Banfi C, Sironi L, De Simoni G, et al. Pentoxifylline prevents spontaneous brain ischemia in stroke-prone rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2004;310:890–95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ji Q, Jia H, Dai H, et al. Protective effects of pentoxifylline on the brain following remote burn injury. Burns 2010;36:1300–08
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Creus M, Fábregues F, Carmona F, et al. Combined laparoscopic surgery and pentoxifylline therapy for treatment of endometriosis-associated infertility: a preliminary trial. Hum Reprod 2008;23:1910–16
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar