Preconception endurance training with voluntary exercise during pregnancy positively influences on remodeling markers in female offspring bone

References

• Hopkins SA, Cutfield WS. Exercise in pregnancy: weighing up the long-term impact on the next generation. Exercise Sport Sci Rev 2011;39:120–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson MA, Gluckman PD. Developmental processes and the induction of cardiovascular function: conceptual aspects. J Physiol (Lond) 2005;565:27–34
   Google Scholar
• Tang W-y, Ho S-m. Epigenetic reprogramming and imprinting in origins of disease. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2007;8:173–82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winsloe CES, Dennison EM, Cooper C, Harvey NC. Early life factors in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2009;7:140–4
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gluckman PD, Cutfield W, Hofman P, Hanson MA. The fetal, neonatal, and infant environments-the long-term consequences for disease risk. Early Human Dev 2005;81:51–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathias PC, Elmhiri G, de Oliveira JC, et al. Maternal diet, bioactive molecules, and exercising as reprogramming tools of metabolic programming. Eur J Nutr 2014;53:711–22
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borer KT. Physical activity in the prevention and amelioration of osteoporosis in women: interaction of mechanical, hormonal and dietary factors. Sports Med 2005;35:779–830
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wheater G, Elshahaly M, Tuck SP, et al. The clinical utility of bone marker measurements in osteoporosis. J Transl Med 2013;11:201–15
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charoenphandhu NTJ, Methawasin M, Wongdee K, et al. Prolactin decreases expression of Runx2, osteoprotegerin, and RANKL in primary osteoblasts derived from tibiae of adult female rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2008;86:240–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kostenuik PJ. Osteoprotegerin and RANKL regulate bone resorption, density, geometry and strength. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2005;5:618–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vega C, Reyes-Castro L, Bautista C, et al. Exercise in obese female rats has beneficial effects on maternal and male and female offspring metabolism. Int J Obes 2013;39:712–19
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berghella V, Buchanan E, Pereira L, Baxter JK. Preconception care. Obstet Gynecol Surv 2010;65:119–31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newcomer S, Taheripour P, Bahls M, et al. Impact of porcine maternal aerobic exercise training during pregnancy on endothelial cell function of offspring at birth. J Dev Origins Health Dis 2012;3:4–9
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council NR. Nutrient requirement of laboratory animals, 4th ed. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1995
   Google Scholar
• Akhavan MME-AM, Safari M, Sadighi-Moghaddam B, et al. Serotonergic and noradrenergic lesions suppress the enhancing effect of maternal exercise during pregnancy on learning and memory in rat pups. Neuroscience 2008;151:1173–83
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carlberg KAAB, Gwosdow AR. Exercise during pregnancy and maternal and fetal plasma corticosterone and androstenedione in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 1996;271:896–902
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Billiat V. Inter- and intrastrain variation in mouse critical running speed. J Appl Physiol 2005;98:1258–63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ireland D. Analysis of gene expression in bone by quantitative RT-PCR. In: Helfrich MH, Ralston SH.Bone research protocols. Humana Press; 2003: p. 433–40
   Google Scholar
• Jemiolo B, Trappe S. Single muscle fiber gene expression in human skeletal muscle: validation of internal control with exercise. Biochemi Biophys Res Commun 2004;320:1043–50
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Livak KJ, Schmittgen TD. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2−ΔΔCT method. Methods 2001;25:402–8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komori T. Regulation of skeletal development by the Runx family of transcription factors. J Cell Biochem 2005;95:445–53
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enomoto H, Furuichi T, Zanma A, et al. Runx2 deficiency in chondrocytes causes adipogenic changes in vitro. J Cell Sci 2004;117:417–25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein GS, Lian JB, Owen TA. Relationship of cell growth to the regulation of tissue-specific gene expression during osteoblast differentiation. FASEB J 1990;4:3111–23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guadalupe-Grau A, Fuentes T, Guerra B, Calbet JA. Exercise and bone mass in adults. Sports Med 2009;39:439–68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Camozzi V, Tossi A, Simoni E, et al. Role of biochemical markers of bone remodeling in clinical practice. J Endocrinol Invest 2006;30:13–7
   Google Scholar
• Saunders M, Taylor A, Du C, et al. Mechanical stimulation effects on functional end effectors in osteoblastic MG-63 cells. J Biomech 2006;39:1419–27
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clapp JF, Kim H, Burciu B, et al. Continuing regular exercise during pregnancy: effect of exercise volume on fetoplacental growth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2002;186:142–7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee AJ, Hodges S, Eastell R. Measurement of osteocalcin. Ann Clin Biochem 2000;37:432–46
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popa O, Chiru AM, Vladoiu S, et al. Osteocalcin, OPG and RANKL circulating levels in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Endocrine 2010;22:106
   Google Scholar
• Rosa BV, Blair HT, Vickers MH, et al. Moderate exercise during pregnancy in Wistar rats alters bone and body composition of the adult offspring in a sex-dependent manner. PLoS One 2013;8:e82378
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulis A, Goździalska A, Drąg J, et al. Participation of sex hormones in multifactorial pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Int Orthopaed 2015;39:1–10
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delmas PD, Eastell R, Garnero P, et al. The use of biochemical markers of bone turnover in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis Int 2000;11:S2–S17
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ducy P, Desbois C, Boyce B, et al. Increased bone formation in osteocalcin-deficient mice. Nature 1996; 382:448–52
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar