230
Views
18
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Microwave effect on diffusion: a possible mechanism for non-thermal effect

, , , &
Pages 327-333 | Received 31 Jan 2014, Accepted 01 May 2014, Published online: 23 May 2014

References

  • Adair, R. K. (2002). Vibrational resonances in biological systems at microwave frequencies. Biophys. J. 82:1147–1152
  • Antonio, C., Deam, R. T. (2007). Can “microwave effects” be explained by enhanced diffusion? Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 9:2976–2982
  • Balzano, Q., Hodzic, V., Gammon, R. W., et al. (2008). A doubly resonant cavity for detection of RF demodulation by living cells. Bioelectromagnetics. 29:81–91
  • Bonifas, C. J., Marconnet, A., Perry J., et al. (2008). Microwave-induced mass transport enhancement in nano-porous aluminum oxide membranes. J. Microw. Power Electromagn. Energy 42:13–22
  • Boon, M. E., Kok, L. P., Quwerkerk-Noordam, E. (2007). Microwave-stimulated diffusion for fast processing of tissue: Reduced dehydrating, clearing and impregnation times. Histopathology. 10:303–309
  • Choquet, D., Triller, A. (2003). The role of receptor diffusion in the organization of the postsynaptic membrane. Nature Rev. Neurosci. 4:251–265
  • Cook, C. M., Saucier, D. M., Thomas, A. W., et al. (2006). Exposure to ELF magnetic and ELF-modulated radiofrequency fields: The time course of physiological and cognitive effects observed in recent studies (2001–2005). Bioelectromagnetics. 27:613–627
  • Curcio, G., Ferrara, M., Moroni, F. (2005). Is the brain influenced by a phone call? An EEG study of resting wakefulness. Neurosci. Res. 53:265–270
  • Foster, K. R., Schwan, H. (1996). Dielectric properties of tissues. In: Polk, C. Postow, E. Handbook of Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. Boca Raton: CRC Press. pp. 25–102
  • Galinada, W. A., Guiochon, G. (2007). Influence of microwave irradiation on the intraparticle diffusion of an insulin variant in reversed-phase liquid chromatography under linear conditions. J. Chromatogr. A 1163:157–168
  • Hinrikus, H., Bachmann, M., Lass, J., et al. (2008). Effect of 7, 14 and 21 Hz modulated 450 MHz microwave radiation on human electroencephalographic rhythms. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 84:69–79
  • Hinrikus, H., Bachmann, M., Lass, J. (2011). Parametric mechanism of excitation of the electroencephalographic rhythms by modulated microwave radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 87:1077–1085
  • Huber, R., Treyer, V., Borbely, A. A., et al. (2002). Electromagnetic fields, such as those from mobile phones, alter regional cerebral blood flow and sleep and waking EEG. J. Sleep Res. 11:289–295
  • Huber, R., Treyer, V., Schuderer, J., et al. (2005). Radiation to pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields affects regional cerebral blood flow. Eur. J. Neurosci. 21:1000–1006
  • ICNIRP. (1998). Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz). Health Phys. 74:494–522
  • Juutilainen, J., Höytö, A., Kumlin, T., et al. (2011). Review of possible modulation-dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields. Bioelectromagnetics. 32:511–534
  • Ketabi, N., Mobasheri, H., Faraji-Dana, R. (2013). Electromagnetic fields (UHF) increase voltage sensitivity of membrane ion channels; possible indication of cell phone effect on living cells. Electromagn. Biol. Med. [Epub ahead of print]. doi: 10.3109/15368378.2013.844706
  • Kowalczuk, C., Yarwood, G., Blackwell, R., et al. (2010). Absence of nonlinear responses in cells and tissues exposed to RF energy at mobile phone frequencies using a doubly resonant cavity. Bioelectromagnetics. 31:556–565
  • Lienhard, J. H. IV, Lienhard, J. H. V. (2012). A Heat Transfer Textbook. 4th ed. Cambridge: Phlogiston Press. 766 p
  • Lucar, A., Chandler, D. (1996). Hydrogen-bond kinetics in liquid water. Nature. 379:55–57
  • Malmivuo, J., Plonsey, R. (1995). Bioelectromagnetism. New York: Oxford University Press. 461 p
  • Petrucci, R. H., Harwood, W. S., Herring, F. G., et al. (2007). General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. 1171 p
  • Pilla, A. A. (2013). Nonthermal electromagnetic fields: From first messenger to therapeutic applications. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 32:123–136
  • Schmidt, R. F., Thews, G. (1989). Human Physiology. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 825 p
  • Sheppard, A. R., Swicord, M. L., Balzano, Q. (2008). Quantitative evaluations of mechanisms of radiofrequency interactions with biological molecules and processes. Health Phys. 95:365–396
  • Suhhova, A., Bachmann, M., Karai, D., et al. (2013). Effect of microwave radiation on human EEG at two different levels of exposure. Bioelectromagnetics. 34:264–274
  • Valentini, E., Curcio, G., Moroni, F., et al. (2007). Neurophysiological effects of mobile phone eletromagnetic fields on humans: A comprehensive review. Bioelectromagnetics. 28:415–432
  • Weiss, T. F. (1996). Cellular Biophysics: Transport. Cambridge: MIT Press. 693 p

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.