REFERENCES
- Janoff A. Inhibition of human granulocyte elastase by serum alpha-1-antitrypsin. Am Rev Respir Dis 1972; 105:121–122.
- American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: standards for the diagnosis and management of individuals with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 168:818–900.
- Demeo DL, Silverman EK. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. 2: genetic aspects of alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency: phenotypes and genetic modifiers of emphysema risk. Thorax 2004; 59:259–264.
- Seersholm N, Kok-Jensen A, Dirksen A. Decline in FEV1 among patients with severe hereditary alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency type PiZ. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152:1922–1925.
- Campos MA, Wanner A, Zhang G, Sandhaus RA. Trends in the diagnosis of symptomatic patients with alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency between 1968 and 2003. Chest 2005; 128:1179–1186.
- Stoller JK, Aboussouan LS. Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Lancet 2005; 365:2225–2236.
- Stoller JK, Fromer L, Brantly M, Stocks J, Strange C. Primary care diagnosis of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: issues and opportunities. Cleve Clin J Med 2007; 74:869–874.
- Rosenthal TC. The medical home: growing evidence to support a new approach to primary care. J Am Board Fam Med 2008; 21:427–440.
- de Serres FJ, Blanco I, Fernandez-Bustillo E. Estimating the risk for alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency among COPD patients: evidence supporting targeted screening. COPD 2006; 3:133–139.
- Fleming LE, Oquendo S, Bean JA, Tamer R, Finn S, Wanner A. Pilot detection study of alpha(1) antitrypsin deficiency in a targeted population. Am J Med Genet 2001; 103:69–74.
- Luisetti M, Massi G, Massobrio M, Guarraci P, Menchicchi FM, Beccaria M, Balbi B. A national program for detection of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency in Italy. Gruppo I.D.A. Respir Med 1999; 93:169–172.
- Bals R, Koczulla R, Kotke V, Andress J, Blackert K, Vogelmeier C. Identification of individuals with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency by a targeted screening program. Respir Med 2007; 101:1708–1714.
- Martinez FJ, Raczek AE, Seifer FD, Conoscenti CS, Curtice TG, D'Eletto T, Cote C, Hawkins C, Phillips AL. Development and initial validation of a self-scored COPD Population Screener Questionnaire (COPD-PS). COPD 2008; 5:85–95.
- Rahaghi F, Ortega I, Rahaghi N, Oliveira E, Ramirez J, Smolley L, Stoller JK. Physician alert suggesting alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency testing in pulmonary function test (PFT) results. COPD 2009; 6:26–30.
- Needham M, Stockley RA. Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency. 3: Clinical manifestations and natural history. Thorax 2004; 59:441–445.
- Wewers MD, Casolaro MA, Sellers SE, Swayze SC, McPhaul KM, Wittes JT, Crystal RG. Replacement therapy for alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency associated with emphysema. N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1055–1062.
- Seersholm N, Wencker M, Banik N, Viskum K, Dirksen A, Kok-Jensen A, Konietzko N. Does alpha1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy slow the annual decline in FEV1 in patients with severe hereditary alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency? Wissenschaftliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur Therapie von Lungenerkrankungen (WATL) alpha1-AT study group. Eur Respir J 1997; 10:2260–2263.
- The Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Registry Study Group. Survival and FEV1 decline in individuals with severe deficiency of alpha 1-antitrypsin. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158:49–59.
- Wencker M, Banik N, Buhl R, Seidel R, Konietzko N. Long-term treatment of alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency-related pulmonary emphysema with human alpha1-antitrypsin. Wissenschaftliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft zur Therapie von Lungenerkrankungen (WATL)-alpha1-AT-study group. Eur Respir J 1998; 11:428–433.
- Dirksen A, Dijkman JH, Madsen F, Stoel B, Hutchinson DC, Ulrik CS, Skovgaard LT, Kok-Jensen A, Rudolphus A, Seersholm N, Vrooman HA, Reiber JH, Hansen NC, Heckscher T, Viskum K, Stolk J. A randomized clinical trial of alpha 1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:1468–1472.
- Dirksen A, Piitulainen E, Parr DG, Deng C, Wencker M, Shaker SB, Stockley RA. Exploring the role of CT densitometry: a randomised study of augmentation therapy in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency. Eur Respir J 2009; 33:1345–1353.
- Stockley RA, Deng C, Piitulainen E, Parr DG, Shaker SB, Wencker M, Stolk J, Stoel BC, Dirksen A. Therapeutic efficacy of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) augmentation therapy on the loss of lung tissue: an integrated analysis [abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med Apr 2008; 177.