Clinical Features of 10 Fetuses With Prenatally Diagnosed Parvovirus B19 Infection and Fetal Hydrops

REFERENCES

• Anderson MJ, Jones SE, Fisher-Hoch SP, et al Human parvovirus, the cause of erythema infectiosum (fifth disease)? Lancet (1983);1 (8338):1378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson MJ, Higgins PG, Davis LR, et al. Experimental parvoviral infection in humans. J Infect Dis (1985);152 (2):257–265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gratacos E, Torres PJ, Vidal J, et al The incidence of human parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy and its impact on perinatal outcome. J Infect Dis (1995);171(5):1360–1363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enders M, Weidner A, Zoellner I, et al Fetal morbidity and mortality after acute human parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy: prospective evaluation of 1018 cases. Prenatal Diagn (2004);24(7):513–518. doi:10.1002/pd.940
   Google Scholar
• Enders M, Klingel K, Weidner A, et al Risk of fetal hydrops and non-hydropic late intrauterine fetal death after gestational parvovirus B19 infection. J Clin Virol (2010);49(3):163–168.
   Google Scholar
• de Jong EP, Walther FJ, Kroes AC, et al Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy: new insights and management. Prenat Diagn (2011);31(5):419–425. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pd.2714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown KE, Young NS. Parvovirus B19 infection and hematopoiesis. Blood Rev (1995);9(3):176–182.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Maxwell DJ, Johnson P, Hurley P, et al Fetal blood sampling and pregnancy loss in relation to indication. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1991);98(9):892–897.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Abdel-Fattah SA, Soothill PW, Carroll SG, et al Middle cerebral artery Doppler for the prediction of fetal anaemia in cases without hydrops: a practical approach. Br J Radiol (2002);75 (897):726–730.
   Google Scholar
• Mari G, Deter RL, Carpenter RL, et al Noninvasive diagnosis by Doppler ultrasonography of fetal anemia due to maternal red-cell alloimmunization. Collaborative Group for Doppler Assessment of the Blood Velocity in Anemic Fetuses. N Engl J Med (2000);342(1):9–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cosmi E, Mari G, Delle Chiaie L, et al Noninvasive diagnosis by Doppler ultrasonography of fetal anemia resulting from parvovirus infection. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2002);187 (5):1290–1293.
   Google Scholar
• von Kaisenberg CS, Jonat W. Fetal parvovirus B19 infection. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (2001);18(3):280–288.
   Google Scholar
• Nagel HT, de Haan TR, Vandenbussche FP, et al Long-term outcome after fetal transfusion for hydrops associated with parvovirus B19 infection. Obstet Gynecol (2007);109(1):42–47.
   Google Scholar
• Fairley CK, Smoleniec JS, Caul OE, et al Observational study of effect of intrauterine transfusions on outcome of fetal hydrops after parvovirus B19 infection. Lancet (1995);346(8986):1335–1337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman GE, Paidas MJ. Rhesus sensitization and alloimmune thrombocytopenia. Semin Perinatol (1994);18(4):333–349.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radunovic N, Lockwood CJ, Alvarez M, et al The severely anemic and hydropic isoimmune fetus: changes in fetal hematocrit associated with intrauterine death. Obstet Gynecol (1992);79(3):390–393.
   Google Scholar
• Brown T, Anand A, Ritchie LD, et al Intrauterine parvovirus infection associated with hydrops fetalis. Lancet (1984);2(8410):1033–1034.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Komischke K, Searle K, Enders G. Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnant women with acute parvovirus B19 infection with and without fetal complications. Prenat Diagn (1997);17(11):1039–1046.
   Google Scholar
• Tolfvenstam T, Papadogiannakis N, Norbeck O, et al Frequency of human parvovirus B19 infection in intrauterine fetal death. Lancet (2001);357(9267):1494–1497.
   Google Scholar
• Yaegashi N, Niinuma T, Chisaka H, et al The incidence of, and factors leading to, parvovirus B19-related hydrops fetalis following maternal infection; report of 10 cases and meta-analysis. J Infect (1998);37(1):28–35.
   Google Scholar
• Leung WC, Oepkes D, Seaward G, et al Serial sonographic findings of four fetuses with homozygous alpha-thalassemia-1 from 21 weeks onwards. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol (2002);19(1):56–59.
   Google Scholar
• Copel JA, Grannum PA, Belanger K, et al Pulsed Doppler flow-velocity waveforms before and after intrauterine intravascular transfusion for severe erythroblastosis fetalis. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1988);158(4):768–774.
   Google Scholar
• Simms RA, Liebling RE, Patel RR, et al Management and outcome of pregnancies with parvovirus B19 infection over seven years in a tertiary fetal medicine unit. Fetal Diagn Ther (2009);25(4):373–378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Jong EP, Lindenburg IT, van Klink JM, et al Intrauterine transfusion for parvovirus B19 infection: long-term neurodevelopmental outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol (2012);206(3):204.e201–205.
   Google Scholar
• Egberts J, van Kamp IL, Kanhai HH, et al The disappearance of fetal and donor red blood cells in alloimmunised pregnancies: a reappraisal. Br J Obstet Gynaecol (1997);104(7):818–824.
   Google Scholar
• Vaughan JI, Warwick R, Letsky E, et al Erythropoietic suppression in fetal anemia because of Kell alloimmunization. Am J Obstet Gynecol (1994);171(1):247–252.
   Google Scholar
• Lindblom A, Isa A, Norbeck O, et al Slow clearance of human parvovirus B19 viremia following acute infection. Clin Infect Dis (2005);41(8):1201–1203.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• de Jong EP, de Haan TR, Kroes AC, et al Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy. J Clin Virol (2006);36(1):1–7.
   Google Scholar