73
Views
45
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Clinical Features and Management of Digitalis Poisoning — Rationale for Immunotherapy

, &
Pages 247-260 | Published online: 25 Sep 2008

References

  • Gaultier M, Fournier E, Efthymiou M L, et al. Intoxication digitalique aiguë (70 observations). Bull Soc Med Hôp Paris 1968; 119: 247–274
  • Bismuth C, Motte G, Conso F, et al. Acute digitoxin intoxication treated by intracardiac pacemaker. Experience in sixty-eight patients. Clin Toxicol 1977; 10: 443–456
  • Smith T W, Haber E, Yeatman L, Butler V P. Reversal of advanced digoxin intoxication with Fab fragments of digoxin specific antibodies. N Engl J Med 1976; 294: 797–800
  • Smolarz A, Roesch E, Lenz E, Abshagen P. Digoxin specific antibody (Fab) fragments in 34 cases of severe digitalis intoxication. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1985; 23: 327–340
  • Schaumann W, Kaufmann B, Neubert P, Smolarz A. Kinetics of the Fab fragments of digoxin antibodies and of bound digoxin in patients with severe digoxin intoxication. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1986; 30: 527–533
  • Antman E M, Wenger T L, Butler V P, Haber E, Smith T W. Treatment of 150 cases of life-threatening digitalis intoxication with digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments. Circulation 1990; 81: 1744–1752
  • Hickey A R, Wenger T L, Carpenter V P, et al. Digoxin immune Fab therapy in the management of digitalis intoxication: safety and efficacy results of an observational surveillance study. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991; 17: 590–598
  • Smith T W. Digitalis. Mechanisms of action and clinical use. N Engl J Med 1988; 6: 358–365
  • Ellenhorn M J, Barceloux D G. Digitalis. Medical Toxicology. Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Poisoning, M J Ellenhorn, D G Barceloux. Elsevier, New York 1988; 200
  • Hoffman B F, Bigger J Th, Jr. Digitalis and allied cardiac glycosides. Goodman and Gilman's Pharmacologic Basis of Therapeutics, 7th ed., A G Gilman, L S Goodman, T W Rall, F Murad. Macmillan Publishing, New York 1985; 716
  • Granier P, Arsac P. Spasme artériel diffus au cours d'une intoxication digitalique. Rev Med Interne 1983; 4: 361–362
  • Patard O, Desnons M, Leroy G, et al. Nécrose hémorragique du tube digestif au cours d'une intoxication digitalique massive. Nouv Presse Med 1981; 10: 1489–1491
  • Goldfrank L, Lewin N A, Howland M A, Kirstein R H, Hartnett L. Digitalis. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies, 3rd ed., L R Goldfrank. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Norwalk 1986; 270–278
  • Somberg J C, Smith T W. Localization of the neurally mediated arrhythmogenic properties of digitalis. Science 1979; 204: 321–323
  • Gillis R A, Raines A, Sohn Y, Levitt B, Standaert F G. Neuroexcitatory effects of digitalis. Am Heart J 1975; 89: 391–399
  • Bullock R E, Hall R J. Digitalis toxicity and poisoning. Adv Drug React-AC Pois Rev 1982; 1: 201–222
  • Gaultier M, Bismuth C. Intoxication digitalique aiguë. Rev Prat 1978; 28: 4565–4579
  • Dally S, Alperovitch A, Lagier G, Bismuth C, Fournier E. Facteurs pronostiques de l'intoxication digitalique aiguë. Nouv Presse Med 1981; 10: 2257–2260
  • Baud F, Bismuth C. Intoxication digitalique aiguë. Réanimation et Médecine d'Urgence. Expansion Scientifique Française, Paris 1984; 282–298, Société de Réanimation de Langue Française, ed.
  • Wenger T L, Butler V P, Haber E, Smith T W. Treatment of 63 severely digitalis-toxic patients with digoxin specific antibody fragments. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 5: 118A–123A
  • Smith T W, Butler V P, Jr, Haber E, et al. Treatment of life-threatening digitalis intoxication with digoxin-specific Fab antibody fragments. Experience in 26 cases. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 1357–1362
  • Bismuth C, Gaultier M, Conso F, et al. Hyperkalemia in acute digitalis poisoning: Prognostic significance and therapeutic implications. Clin Toxicol 1973; 6: 153–162
  • Smith T W. Digoxin intoxication: The relationship of clinical presentation to serum digoxin concentration. J Clin Invest 1970; 49: 2377–2386
  • Smith T W, Willerson J T. Suicidal and accidental digoxin ingestion: report of five cases with serum digoxin level correlations. Circulation 1971; 44: 29–36
  • Pond S, Jacobs M, Marks J, et al. Treatment of digitonin overdose with oral activated charcoal. Lancet 1981; 2: 1177
  • Lalonde R L, Deshpande R, Hamilton P P, et al. Acceleration of digoxin clearance by activated charcoal. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1985; 37: 367
  • Howland M A, Smilkstein M J. Primer on immunology with applications to toxicology. Critical Care Toxicology, R S Hoffman, L R Goldfrank. Churchill Livingstone, New York 1991; 109–146
  • Bazzano G, Bazzano G S. Digitalis intoxication. Treatment with a new steroid-binding resin. JAMA 1972; 220: 828–830
  • Hansteen V, Jacobsen D, Knudsen K, Reikwam A, Skuterud B. Acute massive poisoning with digitoxin: Report of seven cases and discussion of treatment. Clin Toxicol 1981; 18: 679–692
  • Gaultier M, Welti J J, Bismuth C, et al. Intoxications digitaliques graves. Facteurs pronostiques. Interêt et limites de l'entrînement électrosystolique: à propos de 133 cas. Ann Med Interne 1976; 127: 761–766
  • Proudfoot A T. A star treatment for digoxin overdose?. Br Med J 1986; 293: 642–643
  • Smith T W. New advances in the assessment and treatment of digitalis toxicity. J Clin Pharmacol 1985; 25: 522–528
  • Smith T W, Butler V P, Jr, Haber E. Cardiac glycoside-specific antibodies in the treatment of digitalis intoxication. Antibodies in Human Diagnosis and Therapy, R Krause, E Haber. Raven Books. Abelard-Shuman, New York 1977; 365–389
  • Baud F J, Bismuth C, Pontal P G, Scherrmann J M, Smith T W. Time course of antidigoxin Fab fragments and plasma digitoxin concentrations in an acute digitalis intoxication. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1983; 19: 857–860
  • Baud F J, Sato S, Abuaf N, Scherrmann J M, Bismuth C. Pharmacokinetics of sheep digitalis-specific Fab fragments in man. Two cases. Toxicol Lett 1986; 31(Suppl)10–12
  • Ochs R H, Smith T W. Reversal of advanced digitoxin toxicity and modification of pharmacokinetics by specific antibodies and Fab fragments. J Clin Invest 1977; 60: 1303–1313
  • Ochs R H, Vatner S F, Smith T W. Reversal of inotropic effects of digoxin by specific antibodies and their Fab fragments in the conscious dog. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1978; 207: 64–71
  • Spiegel A, Marchlinski F E. Time course for reversal of digoxin specific antibody fragments. Am Heart J 1985; 109: 1397–1399
  • Desantola J R, Marchlinski F. Response of digoxin toxic atrial tachycardia to digoxin-specific Fab fragments. Am J Cardiol 1988; 58: 1109–1110
  • Stolshek B S, Osterhout S K, Dunham G. The role of digoxin-specific antibodies in the treatment of digitalis poisoning. Med Toxicol Adverse Exp 1988; 3: 167–171
  • Hess T, Stucki P, Barandun S, Sholtysik G, Reisen W. Treatment of a case of lanatoside C intoxication with digoxin-specific F(ab')2 antibody fragments. Am Heart J 1979; 98: 767–771
  • Bourhis F, Riard P, Danel V, Hostein J, Fournet J. Intoxication digitalique avec ischémie colique grave: évolution favorable après traitement par anticorps spécifiques. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1990; 14: 95–106
  • Sabouraud A, Urtizberea M, Cano N, Gamier R, Sherrmann J M. Specific anti-digoxin Fab fragments: An available antidote for proscillaridin and scilliroside poisoning?. Hum Exp Toxicol 1990; 9: 191–193
  • Clark R F, Selden B S, Curry S C. Antidigoxin-Fab fragments in the treatment of a canine model of oleander toxicity. Vet Hum Toxicol 1990; 4: 353
  • Cole P L, Smith T W. Use of digoxin-specific Fab fragments in the treatment of digitalis intoxication. Drug Intell Cin Pharm 1986; 20: 267–270
  • Digibind. Physician Desk Reference, 45th ed., R Edward. Barnhart Medical Economics Data, Oradell 1991; 755
  • Martiny S S, Phelps S J, Massey K L. Treatment of severe digitalis intoxication with digoxin-specific antibody fragments: a clinical review. Crit Care Med 1988; 16: 629–635

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.