144
Views
32
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Ochratoxin A and its effects on immunity

&
Pages 11-20 | Received 15 May 2014, Accepted 22 Aug 2014, Published online: 22 Sep 2014

References

  • Al-Anati L, Essid E, Stenius U, et al. (2010). Differential cell sensitivity between OTA and LPS upon releasing TNF-α. Toxins 2:1279–99
  • Al-Anati L, Petzinger E. (2006). Immunotoxic activity of ochratoxin A. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 29:79–90
  • Al-Anati L, Katzb N, Petzingera E. (2005). Interference of arachidonic acid and its metabolites with TNF-α release by ochratoxin A from rat liver. Toxicology 208:335–46
  • Alvarez-Erviti L, Leache C, González-Peñas E, de Cerain AL. (2005). Alterations induced in vitro by ochratoxin A in rat lymphoid cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 24:459–66
  • Alvrez, L, Gil, AG, Ezpeleta, O, et al. (2004). Immunotoxic effects of ochratoxin A inWistar rats after oral administration. Food Chem Toxicol 42:825–34
  • Armstrong L, Jordan N, Millar A. (1996). Interleukin 10 (IL-10) regulation of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) from human alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood monocytes. Thorax 51:143–9
  • Barisić K, Petrik J, Rumora l, Cepelak I, Grubisić TZ. (2002) Expression of Hsp70 in kidney cells exposed to ochratoxin A. Arch Toxicol. 76:218–226
  • Boorman, GA, Hong, HL, Dieter, MP, et al. (1984). Myelotoxicity and macrophage alteration in mice exposed to ochratoxin A. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 72:304–12
  • Bouhet S, Oswald IP. (2005). The effects of mycotoxins, fungal food contaminants, on the intestinal epithelial cell-derived innate immune response. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 108:199–209
  • Cao J, Kong W, Zhou S, et al. (2013). Molecularly imprinted polymer-based solid phase clean-up for analysis of ochratoxin A in beer, red wine, and grape juice. J Sep Sci 36:1291--7
  • Cavin C, Delatour T, Marin-Kuan M, et al. (2007). Reduction in antioxidant defenses may contribute to ochratoxin A toxicity and carcinogenicity. Toxicol Sci 96:30–9
  • Cavin C, Delatour T, Marin-Kuan M, et al. (2009). Ochratoxin A-mediated DNA and protein damage: roles of nitrosative and oxidative stresses. Toxicol Sci 110:84–94
  • Chang CF, Hamilton PB. (1980). Impairment of phagocytosis by heterophils from chickens during ochratoxicosist. Appl Environ Microbiol 39:572–5
  • Chopra M, Link P, Michels C, Schrenk D. (2010). Characterization of ochratoxin A-induced apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. Cell Biol Toxicol 26:239–54
  • Cooray R. (1984). Effects of some mycotoxins on mitogen-induced blastogenesis and SCE frequency in human lymphocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 22:529–34
  • Cremer B, Soja A, Sauer JA, Damm M. (2012). Pro-inflammatory effects of ochratoxin A on nasal epithelial cells. Eur Arch Oto-Rhino-Laryngol 269:1155–61
  • Creppy EE, Betbeder AM, Gharbi A, et al. (1991). Human ochratoxicosis in France. In: Castegnaro M, Plestina R, Dirheimer G, Chernozemsky IN, Bartsch H, eds. Mycotoxins, Endemic Nephropathy and Urinary Tract Tumours. France: IARC Scientific Publ Lyon
  • Creppy EE, Betbeder AM, Gharbi A, et al. (1983). Effects of two metabolites of ochratoxin A, (4R)-4-hydroxyochratoxin A and ochratoxin α, on immune response in mice. Infect Immun 39:1015–18
  • Denli M, Jose Perez F. (2010). Ochratoxins in Feed, a Risk for Animal and Human Health: Control Strategies. Toxins (Basel) 2:1065–77
  • Diehl AM. (1999). Cytokine regulation of liver regeneration. In: Fleig WE, ed. Normal and malignant liver cell growth. Lancaster: Kluwer Academic Publisher, 47–55
  • Dinarello CA. (2009). Immunological and inflammatory functions of the interleukin-1 family. Annu Rev Immunol 27:519–50
  • Divya A, Suresh K, Naresh J. (2006). Ochratoxin A feeding to broiler chickens causes reduction in nitric oxide production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells following immunization with S. gallinarum vaccinal preparation. J Immunol Immunopathol 8:125
  • Dortant PM, Peters-Volleberg GWM, Van Loveren H, Marquardt RR. (2001). Age-related differences in toxicity of ochratoxin A in female rats. Food Chem Toxicol 39:55–65
  • Dugyala RR, Sharma RP, Tsunoda M, Riley RT. (1998). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha as a contributor in fumonisin B1 toxicity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 285:317–24
  • Dwivedi P, Burns RB. (1984). Effect of ochratoxin A on immunoglobulins in broiler chicks. ResVet Sci 36:117–21
  • El Khoury A, Atoui A. (2010). Ochratoxin A: general overview and actual molecular status. Toxins (Basel) 2:461–93
  • Essid E, Dernawi Y, Petzinger E. (2012). Apoptosis induction by OTA and TNF-α in cultured primary rat hepatocytes and prevention by silibinin. Toxins 4:1139–56
  • Essid E, Petzinger E. (2011). Silibinin pretreatment protects against ochratoxin A-mediated apoptosis in primary rat hepatocytes. Mycotoxin Res 27:167–76
  • Ferrante MC, Raso GM, Bilancione M, et al. (2008). Differential modification of inflammatory enzymes in J774A.1 macrophages by ochratoxin A alone or in combination with lipopolysaccharide. Toxicol Lett 181:40–6
  • Ferrante MC, Bilancione M, Raso GM, et al. (2006). Expression of COX-2 and hsp72 in peritoneal macrophages after an acute ochratoxin A treatment in mice. Life Sci 79:1242–7
  • Fink-Gremmels J. (2005). Conclusions from the workshops on ochratoxin A in food: recent developments and significance, organized by ILSI Europe in Baden (Austria). Food Addit Contam 22:1–5
  • Fukata T, Sasai K, Baba E, Arakawa A. (1996). Effect of ochratoxin A on Salmonella typhimurium-challenged layer chickens. Avian Dis 40: 924–6
  • Gautier JC, Holzhaeuser D, Markovic J, Gremaud E, et al. (2001). Oxidative damage and stress response from ochratoxin a exposure in rats. Free Radic Biol Med 30:1089–98
  • Gillman IG, Clark, TN, Manderville RA. (1999). Oxidation of ochratoxin A by an Fe-porphyrin system: model for enzymatic activation and DNA cleavage. Chem Res Toxicol 12:1066–76
  • Grissmer S, Lewis RS, Cahalan MD. (1992). Ca2+-activated K+ channels in human leukemic T cells. J Gen Physiol 99:63–84
  • Hagelberg S, Hult K, Fuchs R. (1989). Toxicokinetics of ochratoxin A in several species and its plasma-binding properties. J Appl Toxicol 9: 91–6
  • Harvey RB, Elissalde MH, Kubena LF, et al. (1992). Immunotoxicity of ochratoxin A to growing gilts. Am J Vet Res 53:1966–70
  • Harvey RB, Kubena LF, Naqi SA, et al. (1987). Immunologic effects of low levels of ochratoxin A in ovo: utilization of a chicken embryo model. Avian Dis 31:787–91
  • Hassan ZU, Khan MZ, Saleemi MK, et al. (2012). Immunological responses of male White Leghorn chicks kept on ochratoxin A (OTA)-contaminated feed. J Immunotoxicol 9:56–63
  • Haubeck HD, Lorkowski G, Kölsch E, Röschenthaler R. (1981). Immunosuppression by ochratoxin A and its prevention by phenylalanine. Appl Environ Microbiol 41:1040–2
  • Hedenborg M, Klockars M. (1987). Production of reactive oxygen metabolites induced by asbestos fibres in human polymorphonuclear leucocytes. J Clin Pathol 40:1189–93
  • Hennemeier I, Humpf H-U, Gekle M, Schwerdt G. (2012). The food contaminant and nephrotoxin ochratoxin A enhances Wnt1 inducible signaling protein 1 and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in human primary proximal tubule cells. Mol Nutr Food Res 56:1375–84
  • Hoehler D, Marquardt RR, McIntosh AR, Hatch GM. (1997). Induction of free radicals in hepatocytes, mitochondria and microsomes of rats by ochratoxin A and its analogs. Biochim Biophys Acta 1357:225–33
  • Hoehler D, Marquardt RR, McIntosh AR, Xiao H. (1996). Free radical generation as induced by ochratoxin A and its analogs in bacteria (Bacillus brevis). J Biol Chem 271:27388–94
  • Holmberg T, Thuvander A, Hult K. (1988). Ochratoxin A as a suppressor of mitogen-induced blastogenesis of porcine blood lymphocytes. Acta Vet Scand 29:219–23
  • Hong HH, Jameson CW, Boorman GA. (1988). Residual hematopoietic effect in mice exposed to ochratoxin A prior to irradiation. Toxicology 53:57–67
  • Hong JT, Lee MK, Park KS, et al. (2002). Inhibitory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonist on ochratoxin A-induced cytotoxicity and activation of transcription factors in cultured rat embryonic midbrain cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A 65:407–18
  • Hu C, Han JQ, Xu Z, et al. (2001). Effects of baicalin on hepatocyte apoptosis induced by TNF-alpha and act D in rats (In Chinese). China J Chin Mater Med 26:124–7
  • Johannisson A, Thuvander A, Gadhasson IL. (1995). Activation markers and cell proliferation as indicators of toxicity: a flow cytometric approach. Cell Biol Toxicol 11:355–66
  • Kamp HG, Eisenbrand G, Schlatter J, et al. (2005). Ochratoxin A: induction of (oxidative) DNA damage, cytotoxicity and apoptosis in mammalian cell lines and primary cells. Toxicology 206:413–25
  • Kanisawa M, Suzuki S, Moroi K. (1990). The mode of action of ochratoxin A in acute enteritis in rats. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 10:56–63
  • Keblys M, Bernhoft A, Höffer CC, et al. (2004). The effects of the Penicillium mycotoxins citrinin, cyclopiazonic acid, ochratoxin A, patulin, penicillic acid, and roquefortine C on in vitro proliferation of porcine lymphocytes. Mycopathologia 158:317–24
  • Khatoon A, Zargham Khan M, Khan A, et al. (2013). Amelioration of ochratoxin A-induced immunotoxic effects by silymarin and vitamin E in White Leghorn cockerels. J Immunotoxicol 10:25–31
  • Klahr S, Morrissey J. (2003). Progression of chronic renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 41:S3–7
  • Ladics GS. (2007). Primary immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as the conventional T-cell dependent antibody response (TDAR) test. J Immunotoxicol 4:149–52
  • Lawrence T. (2009). The nuclear factor NF-κB pathway in inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 1:a001651.http://www.indianjournals.com/%2Fijor.aspx?target=ijor:jii&volume=8&issue=2&article=abs001
  • Lazar Jr G, Lazar G, Olah J, et al. (1995). Effect of kupffer cell phagocytosis blockade indyced by gadolinium chloride and carrageenan on endotoxin sensitivity. Tissue localization of endotoxin and TNF production. J Alloys Comp 225:623–5
  • Lea T, Steien K, Størmer FC. (1989). Mechanism of ochratoxin A-induced immunosuppression. Mycopathologia 107:153–9
  • Leist M, Gantner F, Bohlinger I, et al. (1994). Murine hepatocyte apoptosis induced in vitro and in vivo by TNF-alpha requires transcriptional arrest. J Immunol 153:1778–88
  • Leist M, Gantner F, Jilg S, Wendel A. (1995). Activation of the 55 kDa TNF receptor is necessary and sufficient for TNF-induced liver failure, hepatocyte apoptosis, and nitrite release. J Immunol 154:1307–16
  • Lim S, Jang HJ, Kim JK, et al. (2011). Ochratoxin A inhibits adipogenesis through the extracellular signal-related kinases-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ pathway in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 20:415–26
  • Maresca M, Yahi N, Younès-Sakr L, et al. (2008). Both direct and indirect effects account for the pro-inflammatory activity of enteropathogenic mycotoxins on the human intestinal epithelium: stimulation of interleukin-8 secretion, potentiation of interleukin-1β effect and increase in the transepithelial passage of commensal bacteria. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 228:84–92
  • Maresca M, Mahfoud R, Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Fantini J. (2001). The mycotoxin ochratoxin A alters intestinal barrier and absorption functions but has no effect on chloride secretion. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 176:54–63
  • Martin H. (2010). Role of PPAR-gamma in inflammation. Prospects for therapeutic intervention by food components. Mutat Res 690:57–63
  • McLaughlin J, Padfield PJ, Burt JPH, O'Neill CA. (2004). Ochratoxin A increases permeability through tight junctions by removal of specific claudin isoforms. Am J Physiol – Cell Physiol 287:C1412–17
  • Mechoud MA, Juarez GE, de Valdez GF, Rodriguez AV. (2012). Lactobacillus reuteri CRL 1098 and Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1014 differently reduce in vitro immunotoxic effect induced by ochratoxin A. Food Chem Toxicol 50:4310–15
  • Meucci V, Razzuoli E, Soldani G, Massart F. (2010). Mycotoxin detection in infant formula milks in Italy. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 27:64–71
  • Micheau O, Tschopp J. (2003). Induction of TNF receptor I-mediated apoptosis via two sequential signaling complexes. Cell 114:181–90
  • Moon Y, Pestka JJ. (2002). Vomitoxin-induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in macrophages mediated by activation of ERK and p38 but not JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases. Toxicol Sci 69:373–82
  • Müller G, Kielstein P, Köhler H, et al. (1995). Studies of the influence of ochratoxin A on immune and defense reactions in the mouse model. Mycoses 38:85–91
  • Müller G, Rosner H, Rohrmann B, et al. (2003). Effects of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A and some of its metabolites on the human cell line THP-1. Toxicology 184:69–82
  • Odhav B, Adam JK, Bhoola KD. (2008). Modulating effects of fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin A on leukocytes and messenger cytokines of the human immune system. Int Immunopharmacol 8:799–809
  • Oldreive C, Rice-Evans C. (2001). The mechanisms for nitration and nitrotyrosine formation in vitro and in vivo: impact of diet. Free Radic Res 35:215–31
  • Palabiyik SS, Erkekoglu P, Zeybek ND, et al. (2013). Protective effect of lycopene against ochratoxin A induced renal oxidative stress and apoptosis in rats. 65. Exp Toxicol Pathol 6:853–61
  • Pavlović NM. (2013). Balkan endemic nephropathy – current status and future perspectives. Clin Kidney J 6:257–65
  • Peckham JC, Doupnik Jr B, Jones Jr OH. (1971). Acute toxicity of ochratoxins A and B in chicks. Appl Microbiol 21:492–4
  • Peters T, Karck U, Decker K. (1990). Interdependence of tumor necrosis factor, prostaglandin E2, and protein synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-exposed rat Kupffer cells. Eur J Biochem 191:583–9
  • Petzinger E, Weidenbach A. (2002). Mycotoxins in the food chain: the role of ochratoxins. Livestock Prod Sci 76:245–50
  • Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Castegnaro M. (1999). L’Ochratoxine A dans: mycotoxines: evaluation et gestion du risqué. Paris, France: Lavoisier Tec & Doc
  • Pohland AE, Nesheim S, Friedman L. (1992). Ochratoxin A, a review. Pure Appl Chem. 64:1029–46
  • Ponsone ML, Chiotta ML, Combina M, et al. (2010). Natural occurrence of ochratoxin A in musts, wines and grape vine fruits from grapes harvested in Argentina. Toxins (Basel) 2:1984–96
  • Prior MG, Sisodia CS. (1982). The effects of ochratoxin A on the immune response of Swiss mice. Can J Comp Med 46:91–6
  • Ramyaa P, Krishnaswamy R, Padma VV. (2014). Quercetin modulates OTA-induced oxidative stress and redox signalling in HepG2 cells – up regulation of Nrf2 expression and down regulation of NF-κB and COX-2. Biochim Biophys Acta 1840:681–92
  • Reinhold L, Reinhardt K. (2011). Mycotoxins in foods in Lower Saxony (Germany): results of official control analyses performed in 2009. Mycotoxin Res 27:137–43
  • Ricciotti E, FitzGerald GA. (2011). Prostaglandins and inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 31:986–1000
  • Richard JL, Thurston JR, Deyoe BL, Booth GD. (1975). Effect of ochratoxin and aflatoxin on serum proteins, complement activity, and antibody production to Brucella abortus in guinea pigs. Appl Microbiol 29:27–9
  • Sakthivelan SM, Sudhakar Rao GV. (2010). Effect of ochratoxin a on body weight, feed intake and feed conversion in broiler chicken. Vet Med Int Article ID 590432 doi:10.4061/2010/590432
  • Sauvant C, Holzinger H, Gekle M. (2005). The nephrotoxin ochratoxin A induces key parameters of chronic interstitial nephropathy in renal proximal tubular cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 15:125–34
  • Sharma JN, Al-Omran A, Parvathy SS. (2007). Role of nitric oxide in inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology 15:252–9
  • Singh GS, Chauhan HV, Jha GJ, Singh KK. (1990). Immunosuppression due to chronic ochratoxicosis in broiler chicks. J Comp Pathol 103:417–19
  • Sorrenti V, Di Giacomo C, Acquaviva R. (2012). Toxicity of ochratoxin A and its modulation by antioxidants. A review 4:353–63
  • Stoev SD, Goundasheva D, Mirtcheva T, Mantle PG. (2000). Susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections in growing pigs as an early response in ochratoxicosis. Exp Toxicol Pathol 52:287–96
  • Stoev SD, Stefanov M, Denev S, Peraica M. (2004). Experimental mycotoxicosis in chickens induced by ochratoxin A and penicillic acid and intervention with natural plant extracts. Vet Res Commun 28:727–46
  • Stoev SD. (2008). Complex etiology, prophylaxis and hygiene control in mycotoxic nephropathies in farm animals and humans. Int J Mol Sci 9:578–605
  • Stormer FC, Lea T. (1995). Effects of ochratoxin A upon early and late events in human T-cell proliferation. Toxicology 95:45–50
  • Szczech GM, Carlton WW, Tuite J, Caldwell R. (1973) Ochratoxin A toxicosis in swine. Vet Pathol 10:347–64
  • Taniai E, Yafune A, Nakajima M, et al. (2014). Ochratoxin A induces karyomegaly and cell cycle aberrations in renal tubular cells without relation to induction of oxidative stress responses in rats. Toxicol Lett 224:64–72
  • Thuvander A, Breitholtz-Emanuelsson A, Olsen M. (1995). Effects of ochratoxin A on the mouse immune system after subchronic exposure. Food Chem Toxicol 33:1005–11
  • Thuvander A, Dahl P, Breitholtz-Emanuelsson A. (1996a). Influence of perinatal ochratoxin A exposure on the immune system in mice. Natural Toxins 4:174–80
  • Thuvander A, Funseth E, Breitholtz-Emanuelsson A, et al. (1996b). Effects of ochratoxin A on the rat immune system after perinatal exposure. Natural Toxins 4:141–7
  • Tilg H. (2010). The role of cytokines in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Dig Dis 28:179–85
  • Ul-Hassan Z, Khan MZ, Saleemi KM, et al. (2011). Immunological status of White Leghorn chicks hatched from eggs inoculated with ochratoxin A (OTA). J Immunotoxicol 8:204–9
  • Ul-Hassan Z, Khan MZ, Khan A, Javed I. (2012). Immunological status of the progeny of breeder hens kept on ochratoxin A (OTA)- and aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1))-contaminated feeds. J Immunotoxicol 9:381–91
  • Varga J, Kevei E, Ryniu E, et al. (1996). Ochratoxin production by Aspergillus species. Appl Environ Microbiol D 62:4461–4
  • Weidenbach A, Schuh K, Failing K, Petzinger E. (2000). Ochratoxin A induced TNF-alpha release from the isolated and blood-free perfused rat liver. Mycotoxin Res 16A:189–93
  • Williams JH, Ireland HE. (2008). Sensing danger- Hsp72 and HMGB1 as candidate signals. J Leukoc Biol 83:489–92
  • Wu Q, Dohnal V, Huang L, et al. (2011). Metabolic pathways of ochratoxin A Curr Drug Metab 12:1–10
  • Zurich MG, Lengachera S, Braissant O, et al. (2005). Unusual astrocyte reactivity caused by the food mycotoxin ochratoxin A in aggregating rat brain cell cultures. Neuroscience 134:771–82

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.