Genetic underpinnings of left superior temporal gyrus thickness in patients with schizophrenia

References

• Altar CA, Hunt RA, Jurata LW, Webster MJ, Derby E, Gallagher P, et al. 2008. Insulin, IGF-1, and muscarinic agonists modulate schizophrenia-associated genes in human neuroblastoma cells. Biol Psychiatry 64:1077–1087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson CA, Pettersson FH, Clarke GM, Cardon LR, Morris AP, Zondervan KT. 2010. Data quality control in genetic case-control association studies. Nat Protoc 5:1564–1573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andreasen NC. 1983. Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Iowa City: University of Iowa.
   Google Scholar
• Andreasen NC. 1984. Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Iowa City: University of Iowa.
   Google Scholar
• Andreasen NC. 1987. Psychiatric Symptoms You Currently Have–Baseline (PSYCH-1 BASE). The University of Iowa
   Google Scholar
• Andreasen NC, Flaum M, Arndt S. 1992. The Comprehensive Assessment of Symptoms and History (CASH). An instrument for assessing diagnosis and psychopathology. Arch Gen Psychiatry 49:615–623.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Annett M. 1970. A classification of hand preference by association analysis. Br J Psychol 61:303–321.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barta PE, Pearlson GD, Powers RE, Richards SS, Tune LE. 1990. Auditory hallucinations and smaller superior temporal gyral volume in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 147:1457–1462.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braithwaite JJ, Broglia E, Brincat O, Stapley L, Wilkins AJ, Takahashi C. 2013. Signs of increased cortical hyperexcitability selectively associated with spontaneous anomalous bodily experiences in a nonclinical population. Cognit Neuropsychiatry 18:549–573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown S, Birtwistle J, Roe L, Thompson C. 1999. The unhealthy lifestyle of people with schizophrenia. Psychol Med 29:697–701.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckner RL, Head D, Parker J, Fotenos AF, Marcus D, Morris JC, et al. 2004. A unified approach for morphometric and functional data analysis in young, old, and demented adults using automated atlas-based head size normalization: reliability and validation against manual measurement of total intracranial volume. NeuroImage 23:724–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chimienti F, Favier A, Seve M. 2005. ZnT-8, a pancreatic beta-cell-specific zinc transporter. Biometals Int J Role Met Ions Biol Biochem Med 18:313–317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen D, De Hert M. 2011. Endogenic and iatrogenic diabetes mellitus in drug-naïve schizophrenia: the role of olanzapine and its place in the psychopharmacological treatment algorithm. Neuropsychopharmacology 36:2368–2369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Hert M, Schreurs V, Vancampfort D, Van Winkel R. 2009. Metabolic syndrome in people with schizophrenia: a review. World Psychiatry 8:15–22.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Desikan RS, Ségonne F, Fischl B, Quinn BT, Dickerson BC, Blacker D, et al. 2006. An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. NeuroImage 31:968–980.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dupuis J, Langenberg C, Prokopenko I, Saxena R, Soranzo N, Jackson AU, et al. 2010. New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk. Nat Genet 42:105–116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• First MB. 2002. Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR axis I disorders, research version, non-patient edition. New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Fischl B, Dale AM. 2000. Measuring the thickness of the human cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance images. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97:11050–11055.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischl B, Salat DH, Busa E, Albert M, Dieterich M, Haselgrove C, et al. 2002. Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron 33: 341–355.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fischl B, Sereno MI, Dale AM. 1999. Cortical surface-based analysis. II: inflation, flattening, and a surface-based coordinate system. NeuroImage 9:195–207.
   Google Scholar
• Flaum M, O’Leary DS, Swayze VW 2nd, Miller DD, Arndt S, Andreasen NC. 1995. Symptom dimensions and brain morphology in schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. J Psychiatr Res 29:261–276.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funk AJ, McCullumsmith RE, Haroutunian V, Meador-Woodruff JH. 2012. Abnormal activity of the MAPK- and cAMP- associated signaling pathways in frontal cortical areas in postmortem brain in schizophrenia. Neuropsychopharmacol Off Publ Am Coll Neuropsychopharmacol 37:896–905.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galasko D, Kwo-On-Yuen PF, Thal L. 1988. Intracranial mass lesions associated with late-onset psychosis and depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 11:151–166.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gollub RL, Shoemaker JM, King MD, White T, Ehrlich S, Sponheim SR, et al. 2013. The MCIC collection: a shared repository of multi-modal, multi-site brain image data from a clinical investigation of schizophrenia. Neuroinformatics 11: 367–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gottesman II, Gould TD. 2003. The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. Am J Psychiatry 160:636–645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green EK, Grozeva D, Jones I, Jones L, Kirov G, Caesar S, et al. 2010. The bipolar disorder risk allele at CACNA1C also confers risk of recurrent major depression and of schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry 15:1016–1022.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hass J, Walton E, Kirsten H, Liu J, Priebe L, Wolf C, et al. 2013. A genome-wide association study suggests novel loci associated with a schizophrenia-related brain-based phenotype. PloS One 8:e64872.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heiskanen T, Niskanen L, Lyytikäinen R, Saarinen PI, Hintikka J. 2003. Metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 64:575–579.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henderson DC. 2005. Schizophrenia and comorbid metabolic disorders. J Clin Psychiatry 66(Suppl 6):11–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hibar DP, Stein JL, Renteria ME, Arias-Vasquez A, Desrivières S, Jahanshad N, et al. 2015. Common genetic variants influence human subcortical brain structures. Nature 520(7546): 224–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirayasu Y, McCarley RW, Salisbury DF, Tanaka S, Kwon JS, Frumin M, et al. 2000. Planum temporale and Heschl gyrus volume reduction in schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging study of first-episode patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 57:692–699.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollingshead A. 1965. Two factor index of social position. New Haven: Yale University.
   Google Scholar
• Howie BN, Donnelly P, Marchini J. 2009. A flexible and accurate genotype imputation method for the next generation of genome-wide association studies. PLoS Genet 5:e1000529.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibáñez V Pietrini P, Alexander GE, Furey ML, Teichberg D, Rajapakse JC, et al. 1998. Regional glucose metabolic abnormalities are not the result of atrophy in Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 50(6):1585–1593.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang H, Qiao F, Li Z, Zhang Y, Cheng Y, Xu X, et al. 2015. Evaluating the association between CACNA1C rs1006737 and schizophrenia risk: a meta-analysis. Asia-Pac Psychiatry Off J Pac Rim Coll Psychiatr.
   Google Scholar
• Jovicich J, Czanner S, Greve D, Haley E, van der Kouwe A, Gollub R, et al. 2006. Reliability in multi-site structural MRI studies: effects of gradient non-linearity correction on phantom and human data. NeuroImage 30:436–443.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jovicich J, Czanner S, Han X, Salat D, van der Kouwe A, Quinn B, et al. 2009. MRI-derived measurements of human subcortical, ventricular and intracranial brain volumes: reliability effects of scan sessions, acquisition sequences, data analyses, scanner upgrade, scanner vendors and field strengths. NeuroImage 46: 177–192.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanehisa M, Goto S. 2000. KEGG: kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Nucleic Acids Res 28:27–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanehisa M, Goto S, Sato Y, Kawashima M, Furumichi M, Tanabe M. 2014. Data, information, knowledge and principle: back to metabolism in KEGG. Nucleic Acids Res 42: D199–205.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasai K, Shenton ME, Salisbury DF, Hirayasu Y, Lee C-U, Ciszewski AA, et al. 2003. Progressive decrease of left superior temporal gyrus gray matter volume in patients with first- episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry 160:156–164.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kohen D. 2004. Diabetes mellitus and schizophrenia: historical perspective. Br J Psychiatry (Suppl 47):S64–66.
   Google Scholar
• Laurie CC, Doheny KF, Mirel DB, Pugh EW, Bierut LJ, Bhangale T, et al. 2010. Quality control and quality assurance in genotypic data for genome-wide association studies. Genet Epidemiol 34:591–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lesh TA, Tanase C, Geib BR, Niendam TA, Yoon JH, Minzenberg MJ, et al. 2015. A multimodal analysis of antipsychotic effects on brain structure and function in first-episode schizophrenia. JAMA Psychiatry.
   Google Scholar
• Lidow MS. 2003. Calcium signaling dysfunction in schizophrenia: a unifying approach. Brain Res Brain Res Rev 43:70–84.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu JZ, Mcrae AF, Nyholt DR, Medland SE, Wray NR, Brown KM, et al. 2010. A versatile gene-based test for genome-wide association studies. Am J Hum Genet 87:139–145.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Y, Li Z, Zhang M, Deng Y, Yi Z, Shi T. 2013. Exploring the pathogenetic association between schizophrenia and type 2 diabetes mellitus diseases based on pathway analysis. BMC Med Genomics 6(Suppl 1):S17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mark LP, Prost RW, Ulmer JL, Smith MM, Daniels DL, Strottmann JM, et al. 2001. Pictorial review of glutamate excitotoxicity: fundamental concepts for neuroimaging. Am J Neuroradiol 22:1813–1824.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martins-de-Souza D, Gattaz WF, Schmitt A, Novello JC, Marangoni S, Turck CW, et al. 2009. Proteome analysis of schizophrenia patients Wernicke's area reveals an energy metabolism dysregulation. BMC Psychiatry 9:17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCarley RW, Shenton ME, O’Donnell BF, Faux SF, Kikinis R, Nestor PG, et al. 1993. Auditory P300 abnormalities and left posterior superior temporal gyrus volume reduction in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 50:190–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McGeer EG, McGeer PL. 1976. Duplication of biochemical changes of Huntington's chorea by intrastriatal injections of glutamic and kainic acids. Nature 263:517–519.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer JM, Stahl SM. 2009. The metabolic syndrome and schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 119:4–14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer-Lindenberg A, Weinberger DR. 2006. Intermediate phenotypes and genetic mechanisms of psychiatric disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 7:818–827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nesvåg R, Lawyer G, Varnäs K, Fjell AM, Walhovd KB, Frigessi A, et al. 2008. Regional thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia: effects of diagnosis, age and antipsychotic medication. Schizophr Res 98:16–28.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newcomer JW. 2005. Second-generation (atypical) antipsychotics and metabolic effects: a comprehensive literature review. CNS Drugs 19(Suppl 1):1–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicolson TJ, Bellomo EA, Wijesekara N, Loder MK, Baldwin JM, Gyulkhandanyan AV, et al. 2009. Insulin storage and glucose homeostasis in mice null for the granule zinc transporter ZnT8 and studies of the type 2 diabetes-associated variants. Diabetes 58:2070–2083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohi K, Hashimoto R, Ikeda M, Yamashita F, Fukunaga M, Nemoto K, et al. 2014. Genetic risk variants of schizophrenia associated with left superior temporal gyrus volume. Cortex 58:23–26.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson N, Price AL, Reich D. 2006. Population structure and eigenanalysis. PLoS Genet 2:e190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearlson GD. 1997. Superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale in schizophrenia: a selective review. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 21:1203–1229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelphrey KA, Viola RJ, McCarthy G. 2004. When strangers pass: processing of mutual and averted social gaze in the superior temporal sulcus. Psychol Sci 15:598–603.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Penfield W, Perot P. 1963. The brain's record of auditory and visual experience. A final summary and discussion. Brain J Neurol 86:595–696.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price AL, Patterson NJ, Plenge RM, Weinblatt ME, Shadick NA, Reich D. 2006. Principal components analysis corrects for stratification in genome-wide association studies. Nat Genet 38:904–909.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price AL, Weale ME, Patterson N, Myers SR, Need AC, Shianna KV, et al. 2008. Long-range LD can confound genome scans in admixed populations. Am J Hum Genet 83:132–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell SM, Moran JL, Fromer M, Ruderfer D, Solovieff N, Roussos P, et al. 2014. A polygenic burden of rare disruptive mutations in schizophrenia. Nature 506:185–190.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Purcell S, Neale B, Todd-Brown K, Thomas L, Ferreira MAR, Bender D, et al. 2007. PLINK: a tool set for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analyses. Am J Hum Genet 81:559–575.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rees E, O’Donovan MC, Owen MJ. 2015. Genetics of schizophrenia. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2:8–14.
   Google Scholar
• Rimol LM, Hartberg CB, Nesvåg R, Fennema-Notestine C, Hagler DJ, Pung CJ, et al. 2010. Cortical thickness and subcortical volumes in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry 68:41–50.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruchat S-M, Elks CE, Loos RJF., Vohl M-C, Weisnagel SJ, Rankinen T, et al. 2009. Association between insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and type 2 diabetes susceptibility variants identified in genome-wide association studies. Acta Diabetol 46:217–226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium 2014. Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia- associated genetic loci. Nature 511:421–427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sladek R, Rocheleau G, Rung J, Dina C, Shen L, Serre D, et al. 2007. A genome-wide association study identifies novel risk loci for type 2 diabetes. Nature 445:881–885.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strawbridge RJ, Dupuis J, Prokopenko I, Barker A, Ahlqvist E, Rybin D, et al. 2011. Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of Type 2. Diabetes 60:2624–2634.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang J, Liao Y, Zhou B, Tan C, Liu W, Wang D, et al. 2012. Decrease in temporal gyrus gray matter volume in first-episode, early onset schizophrenia: an MRI study. PloS One 7:e40247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teo YY. 2008. Common statistical issues in genome-wide association studies: a review on power, data quality control, genotype calling and population structure. Curr Opin Lipidol 19:133–143.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Haren NEM, Schnack HG, Cahn W, van den Heuvel MP, Lepage C, Collins L, et al. 2011. Changes in cortical thickness during the course of illness in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry 68:871–880.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verma SK, Subramaniam M, Liew A, Poon LY. 2009. Metabolic risk factors in drug-naive patients with first-episode psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry 70:997–1000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verweij KJH, Zietsch BP, Medland SE, Gordon SD, Benyamin B, Nyholt DR, et al. 2010. A genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales: implications for the evolutionary genetics of personality. Biol Psychol 85:306–317.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voight BF, Scott LJ, Steinthorsdottir V, Morris AP, Dina C, Welch RP, et al. 2010. Twelve type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci identified through large-scale association analysis. Nat Genet 42:579–589.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• World Health Organization 2008. The global burden of disease: 2004 update (WHO Press).
   Google Scholar
• Wilkison G. 1993. Wide range achievement test. 3rd ed. Wilmington: Wide Range, Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Winkler AM, Kochunov P, Blangero J, Almasy L, Zilles K, Fox PT, et al. 2010. Cortical thickness or grey matter volume? The importance of selecting the phenotype for imaging genetics studies. NeuroImage 53:1135–1146.
   Google Scholar
• Wood D, King M, Landis D, Courtney W, Wang R, Kelly R, et al. 2014. Harnessing modern web application technology to create intuitive and efficient data visualization and sharing tools. Front Neuroinformatics 8.
   Google Scholar
• Woods S. 2003. Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the newer atypical antipsychotics. J Clin Psychiatry 64:663–667.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida T, McCarley RW, Nakamura M, Lee K, Koo M-S, Bouix S, et al. 2009. A prospective longitudinal volumetric MRI study of superior temporal gyrus gray matter and amygdala-hippocampal complex in chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 113:84–94.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshii F, Barker WW, Chang JY, Loewenstein D, Apicella A, Smith D, et al. 1988. Sensitivity of cerebral glucose metabolism to age, gender, brain volume, brain atrophy, and cerebrovascular risk factors. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 8(5):654–661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zheng W, Wang H, Zeng Z, Lin J, Little PJ, Srivastava LK, et al. 2012. The possible role of the Akt signaling pathway in schizophrenia. Brain Res 1470:145–158.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar