L-carnitine in the management of patients after acute myocardial infarction: a cost effectiveness analysis in Italy

References

• Weinstein MC, Stason WB. On the foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices. N Engl J Med 1977; 296: 716–721.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drummond MF. “Principles of Economic Appraisal in Health Care”. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1980.
   Google Scholar
• Drummond MF, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. “Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes”. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Williams A. The role of quantitative modelling in health care [editorial]. Health Econ 1995; 4: 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buxton MJ, Drummond MF, Van Hout BA, et al. Modelling in economic evaluation: an avoidable fact of life [editorial]. Health Econ 1997; 6: 217-227’.
   Google Scholar
• OECD Health Data 96. A software for comparative analysis of 27 health systems. Paris, Credes-OECD, 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nellíInfarto Miocardico. GISSI-3: effects of lisinopril and transdermal glyceryl trinitrate singly and together on 6-week mortality and ventricular function after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1994; 343: 1115–1122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasma K, Amouyel P, et al. Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA Project. Circulation 1994; 90: 583–612.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowel H, Dobso A, Keil U, et al. Coronary heart disease case fatality in four countries. Circulation 1993; 88: 2524–2531.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricci G, Menotti A et al. Stima della prevalenza di soggetti (uomini e donne) con cardiopatia ischemica e colesterolemia totale superiore a 250 mg/dL, nella popolazione italiana. 2nd Italian Consensus Conference “Abbassare la colesterolemia per ridurre la cardiopatia coronarica”. Rome, June 1996.
   Google Scholar
• Menotti A, Giampaoli S. Frequenza delle malattie cardiovascolari in Italia negli anni Ottanta. Epidemiologia e Prevenzione 1991; 48: 71–75.
   Google Scholar
• Tsevat J, Duke D, Goldman L, et al. Cost-effectiveness of captopril therapy after myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 914–919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel BC, Al MJ, Remme WJ, et al. Economic aspects of treatment with captopril for patients with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction in The Netherlands. Eur Heart J 1996; 17: 731–740.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Pen C, Levy E, Bonte J. The cost-effectiveness analysis of post myocardial infarction treatment using captopril. Arch Mal Coeur 1994; 87: 775–781.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Szucs TD, Berger K, Kleber FX. Die Wirtschaftlichkeit von Captopril nach Myocardininfarkt. Med Klinik 1996; 91: 112–118.
   Google Scholar
• Kannel WB, Sorlie P, McNamara PM. Prognosis after myocardial infarction: the Framingham study. Am J Cardiol 1979; 44: 53–59.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Multicenter Postinfarction Research Group. Risk stratification and survival after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 331–336.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stadius ML, Davis K, Maynard C, et al. Risk stratification for 1 year survival based on characteristics identified in the early hours of acute myocardial infarction: the Western Washington Intracoronary Streptokinase trial. Circulation 1986; 74: 703–711.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammermeister KE, DeRouen TA, Dodge HT. Variables predictive of survival in patients with coronary disease: selection by univariate and multivariate analyses from the clinical, electrocardiographic, exercise, arteriographic, and quantitative angiographic evaluations. Circulation 1979; 59: 421–430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White HD, Norris RM, Brown MA, et al. Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction. Circulation 1987; 76: 44–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher PJ, Pfeffer JM, Pfeffer MA, et al. Left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations in rats with healed myocardial infarction: effects on systolic function. Circ Res 1981; 49: 618–626.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeffer JM, Pfeffer MA, Fletcher PJ, et al. Progressive ventricular remodeling in rat with myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol 1991; 260: H1406–H1414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eaton LW, Weiss JL, Bulkley BH, et al. Regional cardiac dilatation after acute myocardial infarction: recognition by two-dimensional echocardiography. N Engl J Med 1979; 300: 57–62.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKay RG, Pfeffer MA, Pasternak RC, et al. Left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: a corollary to infarct expansion. Circulation 1986; 74: 694–702.
   Google Scholar
• Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E. Ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction: experimental observations and clinical implications. Circulation 1990; 81: 1161–1172
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA, et al. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 668–677.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sutton MSJ, Pfeffer MA, Plappert T, et al. Quantitative two-dimensional echocardiographic measurements are major predictors of adverse events after acute myocardial infarction: the protective effects of captopril. Circulation 1994; 89: 68–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzon P, Biasco G, Boscia F, et al. High doses of L-carnitine in acute myocardial infarction: metabolic and antiarrhythmic effects. Eur Heart J 1989; 10: 502–508.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shug AL, Thomsen JH, Folts JD, et al. Changes in tissue levels of carnitine and othei metabolites during ischemia and anoxia. Arch Biochem Biophys 1978; 187: 25.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki Y, Kawikawa T, Kobayashi A, et al. Effects of L-carnitine on tissue levels of acyl carnitine, acyl coenzyme A and high energy phosphate in ischemic dog hearts. Jpn Circ J 1981; 45: 687–694.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Spagnoli LG, Corsi M, Villaschi S, et al. myocardial carnitine deficiency in acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1982; 1: 1419-1420.Suzuki Y, Masumura Y, Kobayashi A, et al. Myocardial carnitine deficiency in chronic heart failure. Lancet 1982; 1: 116.
   Google Scholar
• Iliceto S, Scrutinio D, Bruzzi P, et al. Effects of L-carnitine administration on left ventricular remodeling after acute anterior myocardial infarction: the L-carnitine Ecocardiografia Digitalizzata Infarto Miocardico (CEDIM) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 26: 380–387.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ANCE. Studio osservazionale sul post-infarto. Aspetti clinici. Fattori di rischio. Terapia. Cardiol Extraosp 1995; 2 (Suppl 1): S3–S12.
   Google Scholar
• Garattini L, Grilli R, Scopelliti D, et al. A proposal for Italian guidelines in pharmacoeconomics. PharmacoEconomics 1995; 7: 1–6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mantovani LG, Belisoni A, Szecs TD, Captopril in the management of portienis after acute myocardial infarction. Pharmaceutical Res 1998; 37: 345–351
   Google Scholar
• Briggs A, Sculpher M, Buxton M. Uncertainty in the economic evaluation of health care technologies: the role of sensitivity analysis. Health Econ 1994; 3: 95–104.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mark DB, Hlatky MA, Califf RM, et al. Cost-effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator as compared with streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1995; 332: 1418–1424.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Midgette AS, Wong JB, Beshansky JR, et al. Cost-effectiveness of streptokinase for acute myocardial infarction. Med Decis Making 1994; 14: 108–117.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Szucs T, Adami S. Clinical and health economics benefit of calcium and vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Br J Med Econ 1997’; 11: 37–44.
   Google Scholar