References
- Anonymous. Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma allergic rhinitis, and atopic eczema: ISAAC.The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Steering Committee. Lancet 1998; 351:1225–1232.
- National Asthma Campagne. Out in the open. A true picture of asthma in the United Kingdom today. The Asthma Journal 2001; 6 (Suppl.): 1–15.
- Ward M. Asthma education — where now? Respiratory Medicine 2001; 95: 849–850.
- Lahdensuo A, Muittari A. Bronchodilator effects of a fenoterol metered dose inhaler and fenoterol powder in asthmatics with poor inhaler technique. European Journal of Respiratory Diseases 1986; 68: 332–335.
- Lindgren D, Blake B, Larrson S. Clinical consequences of inadequate inhalation technique in asthma. European Journal of Respiratory Diseases 1987; 70: 93–98.
- Newman SP. Aerosol deposition considerations in inhalation therapy. Chest 1985; 88 (Suppl.): 152s–160s.
- Roche N, Huchon G. Rationale for the choice of an aerosol delivery system. Journal of Aerosol Medicine 2000; 13: 393–404.
- BTS. British Thoracic Society guidelines for the management of asthma in adults and children. Thorax 1997; 52: S2.
- Shrestha M, Parupia H, Andrews B et al. Metered dose inhaler technique of patients in an urban ED: prevalence of incorrect technique and attempt at education. American Journal of Emergency Medicine 1996; 14: 380–384.
- Kamps AW, Van Ewijk B, Roorda RJ et al. Poor inhalation technique even after inhalation instructions, in children with asthma. Pediatric Pulmonology 2000; 29: 39–42.
- Newman SP. Improvement of drug delivery with a breath actuated pressurised aerosol for patients with poor inhaler technique. Thorax 1991; 46: 712–716.
- Zanon P. Inhalation anti-asthma therapy with spacers: technical aspects. Monaldi Archives of Chest Disease 1994; 49: 258–264.
- George M. A comprehensive educational program improves clinical outcome measures in inner-city patients with asthma. Archives of Internal Medicine 1999; 159: 1710–1716.
- Price DB, Pearce L, Powell SR et al. Handling and acceptability of the Easi- Breathe device compared with a conventional metered dose inhaler by patients and practice nurses. International Journal of Clinical Practice 1999; 53: 31–36.
- Lenney J, Innes A, Crompton GK. Inappropriate inhaler use: assessment of use and patient preference of seven inhalation devices. Respiratory Medicine 2000; 94: 496–500.
- Chapman KR, Love L, Brubaker HA. Comparison of BAI’s and conventional metered dose inhalation rechniques in elderly subjects. Chest 1993; 104: 1332–1337.
- Hampson NB, Mueller MP. Reduction in patient timing errors using a breath- activated metered dose inhaler. Chest 1994; 106: 462–465.
- Hilton S. An audit of inhaler technique among asthma patients of 34 general practitioners. British Journal of General Practice 1990; 40: 505–506.
- Hendry A, Coote J, Black H et al. Comparison of conventional metered dose inhaler with breath actuated metered dose inhaler in elderly patients. International Journal of Clinical Practice 1995; 3: 115–118.
- Reesor Nimmo CJ. Assessment of patients acceptance and inhalation technique of a pressurized aerosol inhaler and two breath-actuated devices. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 1993; 27: 922–927.
- Campbell LM. A comparison of the efficacy of long-acting a2-agonists: eformoterol via Turbohaler and salmeterol via pressurized metered dose inhaler or Accuhaler, in mild to moderate asthmatics. Respiratory Medicine 1999; 93: 236–244.
- Kelloway JS, Wyatt RA. Cost- effectiveness analysis of breath actuated metered dose inhalers. Management of Care Interface 1997; 10: 99–107.
- Langley PC. The technology of metered- dose inhalers and treatment. Clinical Therapy 1999; 21: 236–253.
- DIN-Link database. Compufile Ltd. www.compufile.co.uk.
- Warner JO. Review of prescribed treatment for children with asthma in 1990. British Medical Journal 1995; 311: 663–666.
- ACORN scoring system, CACI Ltd. www.caci.co.uk.
- Garrett J, Turner P. The severity of asthma in relation to beta agonist prescribing. New Zealand Medical Journal 1991; 104: 39–40.
- Fayon M, Just J, Thien HV et al. Bacterial flora of the lower respiratory tract in children with bronchial asthma. Acta Paediatrica 1999; 88: 1216–1222.
- Glezen WP, Greenberg SB, Atmar RL et al. Impact of respiratory virus infections on persons with chronic underlying conditions. Journal of the American Medical Association 2000; 283: 499–505.
- Paramesh H. Practical approach to recurrent respiratory infections. Indian Journal of Pediatrics 1996; 63: 181–187.
- Morice AH. The role of the asthma nurse in treatment compliance and self- management following hospital admission. Respiratory Medicine 2001; 95: 851–856.
- Monthly Index of Medical Specialities. 2002; Feb: Haymarket publishing.
- BMA. British National Formulary 42. 2001.
- Personal Social Services Research Unit (PSSRU) 2001. Unit cost of health and social care. In: Netten A, Curtis L, Harrison G, eds. Canterbury: PSSRU University of Kent.
- Blainey D. Cost of acute asthmaæhow much is it preventable? Health Trends 1990; 91: 151–131.
- LAIA. Prevalence of asthma treated in general practice. Lung and Asthma Information Agency factsheet 99/1 www.sghms.ac.uk, 1999.
- IMS H. Regional sales data and hospital prescription audits. MAT 1999. Qtr 1.
- Price D, Mitchell G, Niziol C et al. Breath activated inhaler usage and impact on rescue medication usage in patients with an asthma diagnosis: A prescribing claims study of 7412 patients using a CFC-MDI or a breath-actuated device. European Respiratory Society annual congress. 2001. Berlin.