The reduction of gunshot noise and auditory risk through the use of firearm suppressors and low-velocity ammunition

William J. MurphyHearing Loss Prevention Team, Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA, Correspondence[email protected]

Gregory A. FlammeStephenson and Stephenson Research and Consulting, LLC, Forest Grove, OR, USA,

Adam R. CampbellHearing Loss Prevention Team, Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA,

Edward L. ZechmannHearing Loss Prevention Team, Engineering and Physical Hazards Branch, Division of Applied Research and Technology, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH, USA,

Stephen M. TaskoStephenson and Stephenson Research and Consulting, LLC, Forest Grove, OR, USA, ;Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA,

James E. LankfordAllied Health and Communication Disorders, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL, USA,

Deanna K. MeinkeAudiology and Speech-Language Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA, and

Donald S. FinanAudiology and Speech-Language Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA, and

Michael StewartDepartment of Communication Disorders, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA

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The reduction of gunshot noise and auditory risk through the use of firearm suppressors and low-velocity ammunition

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The reduction of gunshot noise and auditory risk through the use of firearm suppressors and low-velocity ammunition

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