Abstract
Hydrological processes are characterized by time and spatial scales which strongly differ from those explicitly solved by climate models used in the framework of the fourth intergovernmental panel for climate change (IPCC) report. Many different statistical and/or dynamical techniques have been developed to perform the downscaling process (going from a few hundred kilometres to resolution of five to twenty kilometres). Here we present a downscaling methodology based on weather regimes and its application to hydrological changes in France during the 21st century. We review the conceptual framework and the advantages of the method as well as the associated assumptions and uncertainties.