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Abstract
The precautionary principle often triggered disappointing debates between scienticism and supposed opponents to any innovation. The French constitution expresses the precautionary principle as a positive action principle that encourages innovation. Science remains a strong lever to move from precaution to prevention which is an enlighted alternative to precaution. The role of decision makers is crucial for risk management, science being intrinsically not able to deliver a truth that would lead to a pure prevention situation. New risk governance methodologies linked with stakeholders and new economical tools for environmental regulation will certainly play a major role in the future and will trigger the phasing out of the debate on the precautionary principle.