Operational research and critical systems thinking—an integrated perspective

Abstract

On the basis of a review of the role of systems thinking in the history of OR, Part 1 of this essay proposed a systematic understanding of OR as applied systems thinking. Further, it identified the contribution of ‘critical’ systems thinking (CST) in a combined ability of its two strands, critical systems heuristics (CSH) and total systems intervention (TSI), to enhance the conceptual sophistication of OR. Part 2 aims to translate this understanding into a framework for good professional practice. How exactly can CST strengthen the competence profile of OR professionals? Drawing on three experience-based archetypes of professional service and some basic argumentation-theoretical considerations, a new understanding of OR and applied systems thinking as argumentative practice emerges. In this new understanding CST finds a systematic place and some exemplary uses of CSH and TSI can be located—an integrated perspective.

Keywords:

• practice of OR
• philosophy of OR
• methodology
• professional
• OR education
• systems

Acknowledgements

The author thanks Richard Ormerod, Warwick University, Coventry, UK, for very helpful comments on earlier versions of this essay as well as for many years of stimulating exchange about the meaning of good practice in operational research and applied systems thinking.