Digital photographic screening for diabetic retinopathy in the James Bay Cree

Abstract

This study evaluates a single, 45-degree fundus image from a non-mydriatic camera for the triage of subjects at risk for diabetic retinopathy. A complete retinal assessment by a retina specialist was the main comparator for the camera. Inter-observer agreements were calculated for the reading of digital images with different grades of retinopathy. Two hundred eyes of 100 consecutive subjects were evaluated as part of the James Bay diabetic retinopathy screening project; 62% of subjects had no retinopathy, 12% had microaneurysms only, 24% had non-proliferative retinopathy, 5% had clinically significant macular edema (CSME), and 2% had proliferative disease (PDR). The Kappa statistic for two independent observers was 0.85 (p < 0.001) for the identification of retinopathy from the digital images. The sensitivity of the digital camera for the evaluation of any retinopathy was 84.4%, for CSME and/or PDR it was over 90%. The use of a single digital retinal image for the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy was performed with a high degree of inter-observer concordance and a high degree of sensitivity.